Large khansa nyanja: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera. M'madzi kudzipatula nkhanu

Padziko lathuli, pali oposa 70 zikwi za zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana crustacean. Zikupezeka pafupifupi onse matupi madzi a dziko lapansi: mwa mitsinje, nyanja, nyanja, ndi kumene, nyanja. Ndi mitundu yonse ya nkhanu, ngakhale lero, osati onse a mitundu yawo bwino kuphunzira zinyama. Imodzi mwa oimira wotchuka kwambiri subtype ichi ndi chachikulu nyama zam'madzi khansa lobusitara, kudzipatula nkhanu, ndi khansa mantis.

nkhanu ndi ndani?

Chotero anaitana yaikulu gulu (subtype) arthropods. Iwo lodziwika bwino kwa ife nkhanu, shirimpu, nsomba zazinkhanira, nyanja nsomba zazinkhanira (mantis, hermits, nkhanu za mtundu), nsomba zazinkhanira ndi zina zotero. D. Panopa, asayansi anafotokoza mitundu za 73 chikwi cha zolengedwa. Oimira imeneyi gulu la ziweto kuti katswiri pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya matupi a madzi padziko lathuli.

Ambiri nkhanu - amagwira kusuntha zolengedwa, koma m'chilengedwe angapezeke ndi kuliika mitundu, monga barnacles kapena barnacles. Dziwani kuti si onse nkhanu - nyama nyanja, ena a iwo, monga nkhanu ndi woodlice amakonda kukhala m'dziko.

njira ya moyo

Nkhanu nyama, kuphatikizapo lobusitara, ndi khansa mantis, ndi kudzipatula nkhanu, ndi m'banja lawo ndi mtundu wa yaikulu ndi yaing'ono. Nyama zambiri izi amatha chinthu akudziwa bwino, kusintha mtundu wake mu mtundu wa dothi ozungulira Mwachitsanzo, buluu lobusitara. Monga ndanenera pamwamba, pamene ena khansa kuthamanga, kusambira ndi kukwera kulikonse, pamene ena amakonda moyo chabe, kuika zokha kwa anthu kapena zinthu zina m'madzi.

nkhanu ambiri wotetezedwa kwa adani pogwiritsa ntchito Mbali yokhala ngati zipolopolo, koma aliyense ali ndi mwayi umenewo. Mwachitsanzo, khansa ndi lalikulu nyanja lobusitara ndi nkhanu ndi nkhanu mulibe zipolopolo. thupi lawo aphimbidwa ndi zida odalirika ongokhala mbale chitin olimba. zipolopolo iwonso ndi abwenzi nsomba zazinkhanira onse.

kubalana

nkhanu m'madzi kubereka kuika mazira. Onse a khansa akuluakulu iwo amaoneka ngati mazira nsomba. Mwachitsanzo, nkhanu za mtundu kuikira mazira mu mulingo amazipanga lalikulu - kuchokera 1.5 kuti mayunitsi 600 miliyoni mu nyengo. Sikuti onse mazira adzakhala zimaswa nkhanu. Ambiri a iwo amapita ku kudyetsa nsomba ndi nyama zina zam'madzi.

Choncho tiyeni tione oimira angapo otchuka wa subtype za m'madzi nkhanu nyama mantis nkhanu, nkhanu kudzipatula ndi lobusitara (lobusitara).

Cancer-mantis

Nyama zimenezi moyo mu madzi ochepa m'nyanja subtropical ndi otentha. wapadera mbali yawo - maso zovuta kwambiri mu dziko. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ife tingakhoze kuzindikira mitundu atatu okha pulayimale ndi mithunzi awo, mantis nkhanu akhoza kuona sipekitiramu a mitundu 12. Asayansi amene afufuza nyama zimenezi, sitikayikira kuti awone mitundu infuraredi ndi ultraviolet komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuwala magetsi.

Moyo ndi kusaka mantis

Zikawonongeka khansa mantis - cholengedwa m'malo aukali, kutsogolera moyo yekha. Nthawi zambiri umakhala mu mphako kapena kamakumba una mu nthaka. m'misasa yawo mantis nkhanu ndichoka pamene foraging kapena kusintha malo. nyamazo, zolengedwa amakodwa ntchito zigawo lakuthwa ndi losongoka pa akundigwira mapazi: akadzaukira msilikaliyo khansa mantis zimapangitsa ena kuponya mofulumira ndi wamphamvu pa woberedwa, kupha ake. Iwo kudya nyama zing'onozing'ono monga nsomba zazinkhanira ndi nkhono. Iwo sanyoza zovunda.

kudzipatula nkhanu

Zilombozi ndi maonekedwe zachilendo. Pamlingo waukulu zimadalira malo awo. Kudzipatula nkhanu litapakidwa zopotoka mwauzimu chipolopolo. Kunja aona magulu atatu okha a kuyenda miyendo. Pa mkazi oyambirira a chiombankhanga zili zazikulu osiyana. Lalikulu claw pakamwapo amachita mbali: kudzipatula ake m'madzi nkhanu pulagi khomo ndi lakuya payekha.

Chifanizo cha moyo kudzipatula

Dzina la mtundu wa nsomba zazinkhanira nyanja odziwikiratu: amatsogolera moyo yekha. Ngati nyumba ndi makola ambiri hermits ntchito zipolopolo zotsala ku gastropods. Zilombozi moyo mu mabacteria osefukira ndi kuya ka nyanja. Ena nkhanu kudzipatula akhoza kalekale kusiya mchitidwe madzi, kumbuyo m'nyanja lokha pa kubalana ake. Hermits - lililonse dzombe.

Lobster (lobusitara)

Ndi banja lalikulu za m'madzi invertebrates khansa. Koyamba, nyama amakumbukira nsomba zazinkhanira odziwika bwino, koma kusiyana pakati pa iwo ukadali kumeneko. oimira onse a m'banjali yodziwika ndi cheliped yaikulu. Kupanda kutero, ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi nsomba zazinkhanira ochiritsira.

Kodi kuzindikira lobusitara?

Kusiyanitsa ichi kuchokera lobusitara wa khansara lalikulu, chidwi ziperekedwe kwa zikhadabo zake ndi miyendo. mfundo ndi yakuti nkhanu za mtundu oona ali ndi zikhadabu wokongola chachikulu, zomwe zili pa awiri loyamba la miyendo. Pa wachiwiri ndi wachitatu awiri miyendo, nyama zimenezi amakhalanso ndi zikhadabu zochepa za anthu amene ali woyamba. Okwana timeneti ndi awiriawiri zisanu ndi manja.

maonekedwe nkhanu za mtundu

Omar - sitima khansa okhala ambiri Madamu madzi padziko lathuli. zikhadabo zake zamphamvu - chida chofunika kwambiri kwa kupeza chakudya ndi kutetezedwa onse a adani nyanja. Pa mutu wake nkhanu za mtundu muli magulu atatu a nsagwada. Champhamvu kwambiri ndi otchedwa mandibles, amene nkhono wosweka chakudya. Nsagwada ena, ndi osasankhidwa. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, lobusitara zipolopolo makutu mosavuta kuthyolako chiombankhanga kwambiri.

Mwa kudya zilombo izi zimawononga zonse organic mu chikhalidwe, mwachitsanzo. E. Idyani chilichonse chimene chimabwera mu zikhadabo zawo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, iwo maola akungoyendayenda pamodzi pansi pa nyanja. Mofanana ndi odwala khansa, chakudya ankakonda lobusitara ndi zotsalira zovunda nyama zam'madzi. Iwo sanyoza, ndiponso nkhanu zing'onozing'ono, nkhono, ngale ndi invertebrates ena.

Maso a khansa waukulu zamoyo dziko amapangidwa ndi ambiri ang'ono ndi munthu glazik otchedwa mbali. N'zosadabwitsa kuti diso limodzi chingakhale wa lobusitara 3000 mbali! No okha deepwater nsomba zazinkhanira awo. The bristles imakonzedwa pa mutu, m'malo akaona. Mothandizidwa ndi nkhanu za mtundu izi kukhudza, kununkha ndi kudziwa mipweya ya madzi.

General kufotokoza nkhanu za mtundu

Nkhanu za mtundu, komanso nyama zambiri za m'madzi, kupuma ndi makutu. Iwo zili pansi awo chipolopolo. anthu amenewa amasankha yekha srednesolenye ozizira ndi madzi, amene si kutentha kuposa madigiri 20 Celsius. Lobster zosatheka kupeza m'nyanja kutsuka kugombe la dziko lathu, chifukwa malo awo achilengedwe yochepa kuti chilumba Scandinavia ku Atlantic.

Izi khansa m'madzi ali ndi kutchulidwa dimorphism kugonana, mwachitsanzo. E. Yaimuna nthawizonse yokulirapo kuposa akazi. M'mimba dipatimenti, nyama amenewa munakhazikitsidwa bwino: zokhudzana ndi zigawo wolemekezeka mosavuta. nkhanu za mtundu Chitinous chipolopolo nthawi okhetsedwa.

minofu thupi nyama izi wapangidwa ndi minofu apadera komanso chozama. Zachisangalalo lobusitara amuna ranges kuchokera zaka 25 mpaka 32, ndi lobusitara-akazi - kwa zaka 55. Malinga ndi Guinness Book of Records lalikulu khansa nyanja lobusitara wagwidwa Canada (Nova Scotia). wonenepa anali 20,15 kg.

Khalidwe la nkhanu za mtundu ngozi

Omar - sitima khansa zomwe zingachititse kupweteka okha kuti apulumutse moyo wawo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene adani a nthambi ena nkhanu za mtundu anakhetsa mdani wawo ndilipo, T. E. paokha mosatsata mapazi awo (ndi zina sikisi pa nthawi). Zimenezi zimawathandiza kuti lichoke ku ngozi pobisa pa malo.

Anataya nthambi zimamusintha pa nthawi, mwachitsanzo. E. Kubwezeretsedwa. Komabe, kuchira wawo wonse ndondomeko akhoza kutenga zaka zingapo, koma chochita - moyo mwini zambiri. Ndipo Omar bwino.

Kodi anapha lobusitara?

Choyamba, nkhanu za mtundu, ngati nkhanu ena, ndi mfundo za unyolo chakudya. M'mawu ena, iwo akupita kudyetsa nsomba zam'nyanja, baleen zinsomba (monga chakudya chodalirika) ndi mbalame. Kunena zoona, nkhanu za mtundu ndi khansa ena, komanso nkhanu, nkhono, nkhanu - amakonda anthu chakudya chokoma chakudya. Kwambiri ngakhale moti panopa ikumangidwa mafakitale lonse kumene nsomba zazinkhanira ali zimaŵetedwa kudya zina.

Kachiwiri nkhanu za mtundu amazindikira mipweya ya madzi. A kuopseza kumapha nyama zimenezi nthawi zonse kuipitsa madzi zinyansi zosiyanasiyana mafakitale, slag ndi zinyalala.

Nkhanu za mtundu pophikira

Monga tanenera kale, pophikira lalikulu khansa nyanja amati ndi chakudya chokoma tsaya. Anthu kudya nyama yake, umene uli wotchuka wachifundo ake. Mu chakudya ankadya nyama mwa mthunzi, komanso miyendo ndi khamu la nkhanu za mtundu. Komanso, anthu amene amadya mazira ndi chiwindi a nyama. Mu nkhanu odyera kuphika souffle, soups, saladi, aspic, Crockett, mousses ndi monga D..

Chiwonongeko nkhanu za mtundu

anthu nkhono ndi likunena zimachepa. Kuchokera pakati pa XIX atumwi zoyesayesa lobusitara kuswana mu malo yokumba apangidwa. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XXI, ntchitoyi kunakopa zonse. Komabe, anthu sangathe kupeza njira malonda yotheka kwa kulima nkhanu m'madzi.