The Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus". mphoto Soviet asilikali

Nkhondo Caucasus ndi limodzi nkhondo motalikitsa nthawi ya Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Dzina la bungwe 1 May 1944 Mendulo tinaonera okha koyamba gawo la nkhondo pakati pa magulu awiri ankhondo pa mbali lamapiri la kum'mwera kwa dziko la USSR, ngakhale malinga ndi malo, ndi Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" chinaperekedwa kwa gulu ndi nkhondo amanyansidwa kuti zinachitika pa 1943.

"Opaleshoni Edelweiss"

Konzani kugwila zikuluzikulu m'madera mafuta yotulutsa, kumene Soviet Union anali kuimirira kuti 85% ya zopangira kwa mafuta, izo wavomerezedwa ndi m'chilimwe cha 1942 Hitler zaka. ntchito asilikali anapatsidwa malamulo dzina dzina la wokongola phiri maluwa. "Edelweiss" anapereka zifukwa zitatu zikwapu kwa gulu la German makamu "A": awiri - yolambalalitsira pa mapiri a Caucasus ndi ntchito mwa madoko a Black Sea gombe ndi kuukira pa Nyanja ya Caspian ndi mwayi ku chigawo cha Baku, wachitatu - kudzera waukulu Caucasus mapiri ndi adani a minda mafuta Grozny.

Popeza kuti anali kulamulidwa ndi miyala ya tungsten ndi manganese, popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kusungunula zida ndi oti muli nazo zida zitsulo, kuti pambuyo pa imfa ya Ukraine Caucasus ndi limodzi mwa ogulitsa zikuluzikulu za tirigu, dongosolo "Edelweiss" kuika Soviet Union mu malo ovuta kwambiri. Onse kupereka n'kulandira mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" - onse asilikali ndiponso anthu wamba, kumvetsa tanthauzo la chigonjetso kum'mwera, ndi kuopsa kwa nkhondo imene m'tsinde mwa Caucasus, ankaona mphoto ya m'modzi wa mphoto zapamwamba za nkhondo zonse.

sewero wolemba

Nikolay Ivanovich Moskalov. Dzina la chithunzicho zili m'gulu za mendulo ndi zokongoletsa, analengedwa monga mwa machenjerero ake. Mwa iwo, Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Moscow", "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad", etc,.. Kutuzov Order , ndipo mwinamwake wotchuka kwambiri mphoto World - msilikali Order Ulemerero.

The Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" adzamasulidwa zino kuti mapulani ake a chithunzicho ndi nthawi yokhayo ntchito amajambulapo maluwa okongola dziko ndi geolocation: maluwa ndi mphesa.

Kufotokozera za ndalama

Kumbali kutsogolo kwa wozungulira mkuwa Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" 32 mm m'mimba mwake ali pachimake apamwamba mu chifaniziro cha mapiri Caucasus - Elbrus. Pa pansi pake - chifanizo cha nsanja mafuta yotulutsa, akasinja ndi magalimoto kumenyana ndi asilikali. Pamwamba pa phiri pali atatu ndege okoma. Zonsezi kwagona mu kukongoletsa felemu chosonyeza mtengo wamphesa. Mu kumtunda - "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" uta woboola pakati lolembedwa mu makalata anamuukitsa. Kukongoletsa felemu pamwamba ukugawa nyenyezi pansi - lamba ndi nyundo ndi chikwakwa ndi mawu akuti "USSR".

The mbali pepala la ndalama - n'zosiyana - njira succinct, amene adzalandira zambiri nkhondowo mendulo WWII: otukukira kunja nyundo ndi chikwakwa, ndi pansi - ndi yopingasa lolembedwa mu mizere itatu ya "Pakuti Mama athu Soviet".

Standard midadada pentagonal amene ali pafupifupi onse nkhondowo mendulo ya USSR, zolimba moire riboni. m'lifupi - 24 mm, m'munsi mtundu - maolivi, m'mbali - buluu mikwingwirima 2.5 mm lonse. Cha m'ma - maolivi Mzere (2 mm) ndi mizere yofiira superimposed pa woyera Mzere (6 mm) ndi mizere buluu.

Gawo loyamba la asilikali a Caucasus

Opaleshoni "Edelweiss" poyamba anali kupambana kwa asilikali a German, ndipo ankapita molingana ndi ndandanda. Akutiakuti, anagwidwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu Stavropol ndi Krasnodar dera, kuphatikizapo likulu dera, ndipo Armavir, Elista, Mozdok, Maikop, ndipo ambiri a Novorossiysk. ikuimira bwino Nazi anali chodzala mu August 1942 gulu lapadera la okwera ndi swastika mbendera pamwamba pa Elbrus.

mthunzi Red Army a m'madera ena phiri anayang'ana yosalongosoka: lamulo Soviet sanayembekezere kuti Germany kuti aukire kudzera makolokoto mipita phiri. Ndipo mochuluka kusiyana chidali lokonzekera German oponya mivi phiri kusukulutsa Red Army. Komabe, ndi September 1942 nagonjetsa Wehrmacht unatha.

Malamulo Mendulo ndi

Malinga ndi malamulo a Mendulo anali amaitcha kuti asilikali onse a Red Army, ndi Navy ndi asilikali NKVD, osati miyezi itatu, anatenga gawo mu nkhondo kwa Caucasus mu nthawi kuchokera July 1942 mpaka October 1943. Fikani ovulala ku nkhondo izi ndi Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" anapatsidwa kaya Kutalika nawo Caucasus ntchito ya usilikali.

Wamba komanso kupereka n'kulandira mendulo, kuphatikizapo kugwira nawo ntchito yomanga mpanda wolimba kwambiri, yomwe inayamba mu 1941. Mendulo anapatsidwa Soviet Union pamaziko a zikalata wosindikiza asilikali, nkhondo akuluakulu zachipatala ndi akuluakulu a m'madera zochita nkhondo kunachitika: Krasnodar ndi Stavropol Magawo, Georgia ndi Azerbaijan Soviet mayiko.

Monga mphoto zonse, Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" ndi chobvalidwa kumanzere, malo anali ndi mtima pambuyo Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Kiev."

Soviet counteroffensive

Chifukwa chachikulu kugonjetsedwa kwa dziko la Germany mu kampeni kum'mwera, akatswiri asilikali wotchedwa kupezeka kwa mphamvu mbali ziwiri - Caucasus ndi Stalingrad, zomwe zinachititsa kuti kugonjetsedwa kwa Wehrmacht pa magombe a Volga ndi pamodzi m'malire a Black ndi Caspian Pacific. Koma chifukwa chachikulu anawonetseredwa mwa Soviet asilikali ndi amalinyero sichisinthasinthanso ndi kulimba mtima. The Germany analephera kugwila kapena Stalingrad, kuti kubooleza kuti Grozny ndi Baku.

Pambuyo nkhondo aukali kumbuyo kuyambira chiyambi cha 1943 Red Army linakhazikitsa counteroffensive, ndipo ngati osati kuti Hitler kutapa asilikali kum'mwera mu Crimea, mphamvu yaikulu ya Army Gulu "A" kuti adzazunguliridwa ndi kuwonongedwa.

Chidwi anali mpweya nkhondo kuti zinachitika mu Kuban thambo - imodzi yaikulu kwambiri mu mbiri. Kuthana madziwa mwayi kwa oyendetsa Soviet mu mlengalenga, kuti musaphonye mapeto a nkhondo. Iwo wakhala atawuka nyenyezi ya Ace Soviet dzina lake Aleksandr Pokryshkina komanso kupereka mphoto aulemu.

October 9 asilikali German otsiriza anasiya Taman Peninsula, ndi Caucasus wamasulidwa kwathunthu. A streamers German waponya kuchokera pamwamba pa phiri la Elbrus Soviet asilikali okwera mu February 1943. M'malo mwake, anali kukazikoloŵeka mbendera ya USSR.

South uta

Dzina zosavomerezeka wa ya mphoto zitatu - mendulo ya USSR anadzipereka kwa zochitika za mu gawo kum'mwera kwa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo - Kumwera uta. "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" - mphoto kwambiri ikuluikulu ya akonzedwa izi: pafupifupi 870 chikwi amaitcha kuti mu 1985 Pamafunikanso Mendulo wina "Pakuti Kuteteza Sevastopol" (52.5 zikwi kupereka) ndipo "Pakuti Kuteteza Odessa" (pafupifupi 30 chikwi. ), anakhazikitsa nthawi yomweyo - December 22, 1942.

njonda kum'mwera tiweramitse, pali anthu okha 990. Yotchuka kwambiri awa ndi lodziwika bwino polimbana Umuna Mihaylovich Budenny - analamula kugwirizana kuti nawo nkhondo kuzisiya kwa gawo loyamba la nkhondo pa Black Sea gombe. Koma kukumbukira wosatha wa ft woyenera ophunzira onse a nkhondo - kuchokera wamba kwa kulamulira.