Natural kusankha: dimorphism kugonana

Kugonana dimorphism - pali kusiyana mu kapangidwe ka zamoyo mwamuna ndi mkazi wa mtundu womwewo. Ambiri anagawira mwa oimira nyama dioecious kapena zomera, ndipo anawonetseredwa mu ululu anthu oterewa kuti:

1. Kukula. Amuna ndi kusiyana kwa akazi ndi kukula, mwachitsanzo, oimira achule, akazi amakhala akuluakulu.
2. The khungu. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akhoza kukhala ndevu kwa amuna.
3. Mtundu. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame - nthenga mtundu.
4. Khungu. Kulankhula mu maphunziro zina ndi sekondale makhalidwe kugonana. Mwachitsanzo, nyanga za gwape kapena atambala chisa.
5. Mano. Mu nyama wamwamuna, monga walrus ndi njovu tusks amakhala akuluakulu pang'ono kuposa akazi.

Choncho, dimorphism kugonana angatchedwe muyeso wa mitala (mlingo wake), ndi owala izo umaonetseredwa, zazikulu kusiyana zopereka wa mwamuna ndi mkazi posamalira ana awo. Nthawi zina PD ungadziwike mu zizindikiro chotero, chomwe kuchepetsa viability eni wawo. Choncho, wowala nthenga, kuimba mokweza kapena lakuthwa fungo la mbalame zina zambiri kukopa chidwi cha adani, zomwe ndi ngozi ndi moyo wawo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa, nthawi zambiri, osati mwa kusankha zamoyo ndi kusankha kugonana.

dimorphism kugonana ndi mitundu angapo:

1. Ubereki PD - nthawi zonse ndi kugonana, onse pulayimale ndi sekondale, amene ali osiyana mu amuna ndi akazi ndi zokhudza ndondomeko kubalana. Mawonekedwe m'thupi la dimorphism zogonana, zimene ntchito - kupanga ndondomeko amuna ndi akazi.
2. Kusinthidwa wa dimorphism kugonana - ndi kanthawi ukapezeka chifukwa kusintha wamkazi chifukwa cha wosankhidwa. Pankhaniyi, pali majini atsopano anayesedwa mu DNA wamwamuna.

PD imatengedwa ngati ubale wa mkazi ndi makhalidwe wamwamuna, umalimbana kupanga maganizo wina ndi mzake, amene amalenga kufunika kwa thupi ndi maganizo kubalana anthu. Choncho, cholinga kubereka mu m'badwo, ndi pa mlingo chibadwa, pali chilengedwe ndi chitukuko cha ulamuliro kwachilengedwenso makhalidwe yabwino kwambiri za munthuyo.

Izo ziyenera kuti dimorphism kugonana amasonyeza ambiri kusiyana thupi, thupi ndi khalidwe pakati pa anthu a kugonana osiyana. Choncho, mwa mkazi akuchita kusankha wosasunthika, mwamuna jenda komanso amalenga kuthekera masiyanidwe chisinthiko. sayansi yamakono limafotokoza momveka bwino kuti kuli kusiyana jenda pa nkhani iliyonse ya chitukuko cha chamoyo.

Nyama, PD amakhala ndi kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka ziwalo copulatory kapena makhalidwe sekondale kugonana. Apa ndi mwambo kusiyanitsa nyengo ndi okhazikika dimorphism kugonana. M'menemo woyamba sikudalira Nyengo.

dimorphism Kugona munthu yafotokozedwera mphamvu chitukuko cha mafupa ndi minofu, komanso tsitsi amuna. Mu mabere zambiri otukuka wamkazi, m'chiuno m'lifupi ndi zambiri.

Mu PD zomera zimaonekera kusiyana kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa zimayambira, masamba osalimba, kapangidwe ka maluwa ndi osiyana m'njira zambiri.

Choncho, zikamera ndi kukula kwa dimorphism kugonana zamoyo zonse chifukwa cha chikoka kusankha zamoyo ndi kugonana. Pankhaniyi, zamoyo ano WAMBIRI mfundo mokomera PDP kuti chimaoneka osati kapangidwe ndi kugwira ntchito maliseche, komanso limaphatikizapo sekondale, ukachenjede, ndipo kutali kwa zizindikiro za ntchito kugonana, amene amanena kachitidwe thupi ndi ntchito zawo. Tikhoza kunena kuti zonse mwa makhalidwe amenewa ikukhudzana bwanji ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a gulu la kanthu, kwa mlingo maselo kutsiriza ndi organismic lapansi.