Planning - yotani? Maonekedwe ndi njira ya kukonzekera

Planning - ndiyo njira ya chitukuko ndi kukhazikitsidwa oyang'anira bungwe la ophatikizana makhalidwe kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe kuti kudziwa mitengo ndi zochita za chitukuko, osati panopa komanso mpaka kalekale.

The tanthauzo, kowonekera kwambiri mikhalidwe

Planning - kugwirizana chapakati mu unyolo wonse kulamulira ndi lamulo la zochitika za gulu. N'chifukwa chake lililonse gawo structural (dipatimenti, zasayansi, etc.) akufotokozera yake, amene ndiye amaphatikizidwa mu dongosolo wonse wa kumalo a ntchito.

Dongosolo kwambiri bwino ndi ogwira kukwaniritsa ntchito zake mu nkhani ya kugwilizana ndi malamulo otsatirawa:

• aliyense chigawo chimodzi cha zinthu zonse aonane panthaŵi inayake unsubstantiated;
• Mipherezero molondola yake kumvera mwa magulu onse iwo;
• ulamuliro wa dongosolo kuphedwa ikuchitika mosalekeza osakaniza ndi kusintha ake panopa.

mfundo mapulani

Pakali pano, allocated kuti mfundo zisanu ambiri, amene anafotokozedwa monga malamulo kuti atsogolere chitukuko cha pulogalamu woyenera kanthu.

1. Mfundo mokakamiza, ie, kuvomerezedwa ntchito dongosolo mapulani mosaganizira mtundu wa ntchito zachuma komanso wa kumalo a ntchito. Kufunika kukonzekera msonkhanowo chuma masiku ano akutulukira msika chifukwa luso kuchepetsa kungasokoneze zinthu kunja ndi M'malo mwake, kupanga kwambiri mmene awo positive.
2. mfundo za mgwirizano, ie, kugwilizana limodzi Consolidated kasamalidwe dongosolo chitukuko cha subdivisions ake structural (mwachitsanzo, thematic mapulani). Mfundo za umodzi - wamba zolinga ndi Zolinga za kampani kiyi komanso mogwirizana zigawo zake zonse. Bukuli lili ndi mfundo monga "kugwirizana". Ie kusintha kwa madongosolo a amodzi ayenera yomweyo akamagwiritsa zolinga za gulu.
3. Mfundo kupitiriza, mwachitsanzo kugwirizana indissoluble ndi kukonza mapulani ndiponso kasamalidwe njira ya gulu la kumalo a ntchito.
4. Mfundo kusinthasintha, mwachitsanzo luso la zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za dongosolo kusintha kuonetsa akamavutika chifukwa zochitika zadzidzidzi. Kuonetsetsa kugwilizana ndi mfundo imeneyi, ndichisangalalo umayamba mu zolinga za gulu, mwachitsanzo, n'zotheka kuti kusintha.
5. yolondola mfundo, ie, kuonetsetsa kugwilizana ndi zolinga yaikulu ya mapulani ndi mphamvu ya kumalo a ntchito, komanso munthawi.
6. Mfundo nawo, ie, kuphatikizidwa pa chitukuko cha ogwira ntchito onse. Mwachitsanzo, m'pomveka kupatsa mapulani mitu thematic wa m'madipatimenti analemba kuti mupezeke patsogolo mu dongosolo ambiri.

Mitundu ya mapulani kumalo a ntchito

Malinga mwatsatanetsatane chikhalidwe cha madongosolo anawagawa luso, chuma ndi ntchito ndi kupanga. Mbali yoyamba pali dongosolo la zizindikiro zoyamba za chitukuko cha bungwe, pamene lachiwiri - ntchito panopa tapangidwa mayunitsi bizinesi yake.

Malinga ndi digiri ya mapulani njakata anawagawa deterministic ndi probabilistic. Mbali yoyamba zimene zikuchitika mapulani, Mwina pafupi umodzi ndi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo zodalirika. Zikatero akuchokera mudziwe panopa, imene Ndizachidziwikire pa pofuna kukwaniritsa magawo ena (mwachitsanzo, koyefishienti a kusintha).

Malinga ndi ochititsa madongosolo ogwira anawagawa:

• kukonzekera ntchito
• chikhalidwe ndi ntchito
• gulu, luso, etc.

Malinga ndi digiri ya molondola ogaŵikana woyengeka ndi kukula.

Pokonza ndondomeko ya ntchitoyo kumalo a ntchito

Aliyense ogwira ntchito, pozindikira kufunika, zonse amakhala mapulani mosalekeza. Kodi ntchito njira pa kampani ndi momwe izo zimachitika? Umayamba pomwepo pokonza mapulani (dongosolo mapulani) ndi kuona mmene kuzikwanitsa. Siteji yotsatira - kukhazikitsa, kenako gawo kulamulira ndi kuwunika mapulani yayambira, mwachitsanzo tikayerekezera zotsatira zimatheka ndi ntchito.

Planning. Kodi njira mapulani mu kumalo a ntchito, gulu lawo

Kusamala njira kumafuna zofunika chiŵerengero cha chuma ogwira ntchito mabuku thandizo, komanso makalata pakati pa zigawo structural dongosolo. Mwachitsanzo, amayenderana ndi mphamvu zenizeni za kampaniyo ndi mavuto ake panopa ntchito.

Cash-mawunikidwe njira ikukhudza mawerengedwe zizindikiro zina za chiwembucho, Khadili kukula kapena kuchepa mchikakamizo cha zinthu zina.

njira Economic-masamu kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira ntchito za polojekiti ogwira ntchito, kupanga Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana dongosolo ndi kusankha akadakwanitsira.

Graphic Analytical njira ntchito Kuona zotsatira za kuwunika chuma pogwiritsa mawonekedwe.

Program-chandamale njira - kukafola mwa mapulogalamu ena chitukuko, mwachitsanzo kuika zolinga ndi njira adagwirizana, ogwirizana ndi zolinga zofanana ndi deadlines (mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera mwezi uliwonse).

mapulani losatha

The ndondomeko ya kukafola mapulani kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo pali mapulani yaitali. Kodi zidzakhalira? Ichi ndi chimene, mu maganizo a kasamalidwe, gulu amafuna m'tsogolo. mapulani yaitali monga kasamalidwe chida chapakati ntchito posachedwapa. mapulani awa wasenza kuti kuchokera mu zaka 5 mpaka 20, ndi lingaliro ambiri chitukuko bizinesi komanso kapangidwe ka miyeso zofunika kwambiri kukwaniritsa zolinga.

mapulani Forward lagawidwa sing'anga yaitali (zaka 5) ndi yaitali (kwa nyengo ya zaka 15). Zikatero, njira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ya extrapolation, kutanthauza kukonzekera zochokera ntchito m'mbuyomu.

mapulani Current. Kodi dongosolo?

Iwo anagwira kudzera zofunikila disassembly ntchito dongosolo zaka zisanu ogwira ntchito wonse ndi mayunitsi payekha malonda. The Gawo la dongosolo panopa kupanga - ndi ndandanda (patsiku, sabata, etc.). Pamene nkhani yolemba nkhani pamaso pa malamulo, kupereka chuma cha ogwira ntchito, katundu Chinthu ndi mphamvu magwiritsidwe, etc.

Nawo mutu

Kupita ku mapulani yaitali dongosolo kalendala la magulu a mkati mwa ogwira ntchito, muyenera:

• kudziwa ndi mipherezero ndi zizindikiro kwa ena nthawi iliyonse wagawo;
• kupeza ndi kuthetsa umboni zotheka pakati pa mkati mapulani masitolo;
• kugawira zinthu kampani onse malinga ndi pulogalamu yake kupanga.

Ntchito yaikulu ya woyang'anira odziwa - bwino agwirizane ndi zofunika kukhazikitsa chitukuko yaitali, mavuto panopa ndi zosowa za gulu. Monga ulamuliro, izo ndawala pakati wapadera kukonzekera.