Anthu mtima thunthu

Anatomy ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa za mtima nthawi zonse anakopeka ofufuza. Zimenezi n'zomveka, chifukwa mtima - ndi thupi kokha opaleshoni autonomously. Pa ntchito yake zimadalira chikhalidwe ambiri a thupi, umoyo ndi matenda. Ndipotu, ndi kugunda woyamba wa thupi, moyo wa munthu umayamba ndi kukankha otsiriza mabasi.

anthu mtima thunthu ndi zovuta kwambiri - thupi amachita ntchito kwambiri, kupereka thupi lonse ndi magazi. Kunja, mtima ali mawonekedwe a chulucho ndi mkati dzenje ndi alimbane ndi musculo-fibrous wosanjikiza. Mfundo ntchito za mtima anatsimikiza ndi matabwa ake. Izo akufanana ndi awiri gawo mpope: gawo loyamba ndi ventricle, amene mapampu magazi atrium, ndipo chachiwiri siteji - atrium mapampu magazi mu msempha. Kuthekera kutulutsa magazi kudzera septum atrioventricular - kuti ntchito ndi pisitoni, ndi valavu.

Matenda a mtima, ngakhale akuchipatala buku malamulo kwathunthu payekha. Ngakhale mu maonekedwe ake, zikhoza zosiyanasiyana malinga zifukwa zambiri. Inali mtima ndi sali yemweyo - kwa anthu ambiri yatsala ndi kuchepetsa ku malo, ndi ena ali ankatembenukira kwa pakati, ndipo ngakhale ndi anasintha kumanja. M'goli mtima ndipo chinkafunika magawo - kaŵirikaŵiri anawonjezera m'mwamba mwapang'ono pansi, koma chiŵerengero cha manambala awa konse zosiyanasiyana (makamaka zimadalira mtundu wa malamulo a). Mtima misa pa ranges pafupifupi kuyambira mazana awiri mphambu makumi asanu magalamu mazana atatu ndi makumi atatu.

Matenda a mtima, monga chiwalo zikuluzikulu mokwanira anaphunzira kwa tsiku. The mtima ali ndi chikwama cha mtima amatchedwa pericardium. Amakhala Zikatero, zigawo zitatu zomwe ndi makulidwe osiyana, osiyana mu kulunjika awo ndi ntchito zosiyana. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mtima lagawidwa zipinda zinayi - dipatimenti. Iwo anachoka ndi ventricles lamanja, kumanzere ndi atria bwino. Pakati pa lamanzere ndi lamanja mbali ya kugawa kanjira. Mu atrium bwino amalowa dzenje Vienna, ndi atrium kumanzere zimagwirizana mtsempha wamagazi m'mapapo mwanga. Kuchokera ventricle kumanzere kunja akwera msempha, ndipo kumanja - womwe ndi mtsinje m'mapapo mwanga.

mtima thunthu ndi yeniyeni ndi chakuti ventricles si yunifolomu mu makulidwe awo. Mwachitsanzo, ventricle kumanzere ndi makoma thicker (katatu chachikulu kuposa mpanda wa kumanja), kuyambira ventricle kumanzere mapampu mwazi wa zokhudza zonse kufalitsidwa, imene kufalikira thupi lonse. Choncho, mu bwalo lalikulu ndi magazi kwambiri.

Mtima si anadzazidwa ndi magazi omwewo kuti aponyedwa mtima ali mavavu. Panthawi ina mavavu ndi kutsekedwa ndi malo magazi, kapena kutsegula izo. Motero, pali magazi motsogozedwa ankafuna.

Ngati thunthu la mtima si wolemetsedwa ndi zochitika pathological, ntchito rhythmic za mtima. ntchito mtima zikhoza kugawidwa mu m'zinthu - mkombero wina tichipeza masiteji atatu. Sitepe yoyamba ndi kuchepetsa atriums magazi odzazidwa. Kudzera mavavu lotseguka magazi akulowa ventricles, womwe yafupika, ndi mosemphanitsa atrium - kumasuka. Pa nthawi iyi, ntchito amakhala valavu kutseka Anabweza magazi. Mu gawo lotsatira - chete, magazi umayenda mosavuta, pamene mtima wakhazikika. Izi zimachitika wautali - ndi kugawanika chachiwiri.

Matenda a mtima, ndipo ntchito yake - ndi chodabwitsa chovuta kwambiri. Pambuyo innervation a minofu mtima kumachitika chifukwa zosiyanasiyana zinthu monga ubale wa machitidwe mantha ndi endocrine, pamaso pa okwanira kuchuluka kwa ayoni potaziyamu ndi calcium. Pofuna kuphunzira ntchito za mtima ndi kukonza mavuto ndi ntchito mtima, kupanga electrocardiogram. Mothandizidwa ndi phunziro ili, kwakukulukulu inakhazikitsa matenda a pathologies mtima.