M'misasa imfa. World nkhondo II: msasa Nazi imfa

Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World - nthawi yoopsa. Anthu amene anagwira muzikumbukira zoopsa iwo anaona, sindimakonda kuganiza za nthawi ya moyo wake. Izi ndi zoona makamaka unfortunates amene ndaona ndi maso awo Nazi imfa.

Za zodabwitsazi kwambiri anati ndi olembedwa, koma zochepa Tsoka ikutha ndi osatinso.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Otchedwa malo mokakamizidwa kudzipatula zokayikitsa chigamulo lopondereza ulamuliro anthu. Mosiyana ndi ndende, pafupifupi palibe malamulo a anthu a ndiAmene awo Sadali oongoka. M'misasa imfa ikhoza aliyense, kuphatikizapo akazi, achikulire ndi ana omwe. Monga ulamuliro, ngakhale opulumuka zinthu anthu oipa mtima anakhala invalids chiyembekezo.

Ana amene anamangidwa m'misasa, analandira yoopsa matenda okhudza ubongo, wosanyengereredwa kuiwala mavuto onse ataona.

Kodi iwo amatanthauza zimene iwo anali?

Mu Germany zaka mabungwe ankafuna mantha ndi kupululutsa ndi onse anthu wamba ndipo akaidi a nkhondo. Wamba kudziwa za iwo monga "zozunzirako," ngakhale mitundu anali chimodzi chokha cha anthu ambiri. Mtundu waukulu anali ankawagwiritsa ntchito yakalavulagaga ndi m'misasa imfa imene anthu kwenikweni anawononga m'njira pipelined. Zimene zichitike pa amadzibisa onse, amene si abwino Nazi Germany , kutchuka kwa mitundu onsewa kuchuluka.

N'chifukwa chiyani zinali analenga?

Zinalengedwa yomweyo pambuyo Nazi anabwera mode mphamvu. Choyamba iwo anali victimization ndi chiwonongeko thupi la otsutsa anthu. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti bungwe lawo Nazi linayamba ndi mliri wa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, koma zimenezi si zoona: mu Dachau lomwelo loyamba "nthambi" iwo anatsegula kumbuyo mu 1933, pamene palibe zimakumbutsa munthuwe za mapulani craziest Hitler kukhotetsa pansi pake lonse dziko.

Ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo, msasa imfa kuchitidwa mukati makoma ake oposa 300 zikwi odana achifasizimu, amene anagwira ku Germany palokha, ndipo m'mayiko wotanganidwa izo. Ambiri a iwo zinamangidwa nthawi mu madera anagonjetsa. Poyamba Nazi kunamizira chilili malo mwachizolowezi akaidi a nkhondo, ndipo anthu ankaganiza choncho mpaka pafupifupi mapeto a nkhondo. choonadi zikuipiraipirabe: kunapezeka kuti Nazi ntchito misasa monga malo thupi anawononga anthu ambirimbiri.

Ife lero sakudziwa ndipo mwina konse molondola kupeza anthu angati kwenikweni anapha alonda Nazi. Mu gawo lotsiriza la nkhondo si zachilendo pamene zosankhika, ambiri amatha SS Division mpaka posachedwapa kuphimba "yobwezeretsanso" m'misasa, ndi chiwonongeko chotheratu akaidi onse ndi zikalata kuti akhoza kukuuzani dziko za nkhanza zonse chosanenekachi cha Nazi.

cholinga chawo chenicheni

Achimereka ndi British pa nkhondo anakankhira yogwira kwambiri mu lingaliro lakuti Ndipotu misasa ya ulamuliro wa Hitler imfa kulibe. Iwo amanena kuti onse a zinthu izi - ndende wamba akaidi a nkhondo. Koma si choncho. Izi malo zoopsa analipo: cholinga chawo chachikulu chinali chiwonongeko thupi la anthu. Woyamba kuphedwa Asilavo, Majipise ndi Ayuda, omwe anali ngati "otsika" anthu. Pofuna mayiko pazipita moyo wa munthu, omanga mbamphedza zipinda imayenera mpweya ndi crematoria.

Ambiri a m'misasa imfa ya ulamuliro wa Hitler anali umalimbana chiwonongeko olumala ndi mosalekeza kwa anthu. Pamene angagwiritse iwo palibe kufunika linali lofika anthu zili musati: izo anaganiza kuti yake natsutsa akaidi kaye maola ochepa. Kudzera nyumba imene ankawotcheramo mitembo malo awa tsiku lililonse (!) Imene anthu zikwi zingapo. Ndi "mafakitale imfa" ali m'misasa zotsatirazi: Majdanek, Auschwitz, Treblinka ena. Kumene, mndandanda wa m'misasa imfa kutali wathunthu.

Kodi kuchitira akaidi?

akaidi onse anakhala opanda mphamvu kwathunthu, moyo wawo sikuthandiza chilichonse, aphe iwo nthawi iliyonse, monga "mu maganizo". mbali zonse za moyo wa ngozi amenewa mosamalitsa ankalamulira. Pa ophwanya alibe kuima pa mwambo: ambiri a iwo anaphedwa pa malopo. Koma uyu anali kutali ndi tsoka koipa monga Nazi madokotala akufunikanso nkhani chiyeso kuyesa lotsatira.

Akaidi anagawa m'misasa?

Tikumbukenso kuti akaidi woyamba anali m'magulu malinga zosiyanasiyana makonda, kuphatikizapo mtundu ndi malo m'ndende, chifukwa cha kumangidwa kwa. Poyamba, akaidi onse m'magulu anayi akuluakulu: ". Zinthu zingakhale osafunika" odana achifasizimu (otsutsa ndale), oimira yemweyo wa "mitundu otsika", komanso zigawenga wamba ndi

akaidi onse mu Gulu lachiwiri patapita anatumizidwa ku ndende ya Nazi, pamene iwo anaphedwa paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi. Iwo pa kukayikirana pang'ono kusadalirika kuzunzidwa ndi asilikali pakati pa SS, iwo anatumizidwa ku zovuta kwambiri, woopsa ndi zoipa ntchito.

Mmodzi mwa akaidiwo ndale zina inadza ngakhale ziwalo mtundu Party amene anali kunenedwa lalikulu "analakwira mpikisano," mamembala a magulu achipembedzo. Kugwa mu msasa wa imfa akhoza ngakhale kumvetsera uthenga njira yachilendo pa wailesi.

Ndi "wosadalirika" amaona ngati amuna, anthu amene sachedwa mantha, chabe chikuyenda. Oddly okwanira, koma "mahatchi" zigawenga anali pamalo abwino, monga iwo ntchito yoyang'anira monga owayang'anila wothandizira; Ife anachita maudindo ambiri mu ukwati wawo.

Decals akaidi msasa

Izo ziri zodziwika bwino kuti anthu m'misasa ndi nambala siriyo. Kuli amadziwika zimene akaidi anali kuvala Triangles wachikuda kumanzere a chifuwa chake ndi pa bondo lake lamanja, komanso chiwerengero cha mikwingwirima zovala. Only mu Auschwitz ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito mwachindunji thupi, mu mawonekedwe a mphini ndi. Choncho, "ndale" zikutanthauza kansalu ofiira mtundu, zigawenga analandira chizindikiro wobiriwira, onse "wosadalirika" Ndinali wakuda makona, amuna ankavala pinki, ndi Roma - Brown.

Ayuda amafuna wosamalitsa. Kupatula pa gulu watsiku ndi kansalu, iwo ankadalira kwambiri ndi chikasu, ndipo zovala iwo ndila amayenera kusoka "Nyenyezi ya Davide". Komanso, makamaka olekanitsidwa ndi Ayuda amene anali ndi mlandu diluting ndi "Aryan magazi" anayerekeza kukwatira kapena kukwatiwa ndi oimira "woona Aryan mpikisano." Triangles awo chikasu waikamo malire wakuda.

Akaidi m'magulu malinga dziko lawo. Choncho, French anali kuwanena kuti ndi "F", ankadalira Zitsulo kalata "P", etc. lita chomwecho "K" yodziwika zigawenga nkhondo (Kriegsverbrecher), mulembe "A" zaikidwa ophwanya kulimbikira chilango ntchito (Arbeit - "ntchito") ... anthu onse ndi matenda openga ayenera kukhala pa zovala chigamba Blid, "chitsiru." Ngati makonzedwe ndi amaganiziridwa mkaidi pokonzekera athawe, zovala zake (chifuwa ndi kumbuyo) ntchito kwa ofiira ndi oyera chandamale, amene analola asilikali kuwombera ngozi ngati pa kukayikirana pang'ono kusakhulupirika nawo.

Kodi anthu ambiri anali m'misasa?

Akukhulupirira kuti Nazi imfa palibe zoposa zitatu kapena zinayi malo khumi, koma zenizeni n'ngoipa. Oona za mbiri apeza kuti zonse mu dongosolo la "kukonza ntchito" mabungwe m'gulu zoposa 14 thousand (!) Zosiyanasiyana mabungwe omwe zinathandiza kwambiri kuwonongedwa kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Wekha ku Ulaya kudzera makoma achita zoposa 18 miliyoni, ndi anthu osachepera 11 miliyoni anaphedwa.

Pamene nkhondo potsiriza anagonjetsedwa Nazism, chimodzi mwa zinthu zogometsa kwambiri akuluakulu a dziko la Germany anali basi German m'misasa imfa. yomanga awo anaweruzidwa pa mayesero Nuremberg monga "mlandu gravest ndi anthu." Pakali pano, mu nthawi sasiyanitsa pakati pa anthu amene anali m'ndende ku Germany m'misasa imeneyi, ndi anthu amene anamangidwa pa "malo, ukugwira kuti ndende, mabungwe kukonza ntchito."

Koma malo awa pakati pa iwo omwe ngakhale tsopano lingaliro la kumabweretsa kugwedeza ofufuza ambiri odziwa ndi mbiri yakale. Pezani osachepera Auschwitz msasa imfa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero kwambiri ndiwofatsa, oposa theka miliyoni anafa mkati mwa makoma ake. Koma chiwerengero chawo chinali akuluakulu kwambiri, pamene m'madera ena mizukwa Nazi sanali kunyozeka kupha ana mazanamazana chitetezo, wamkulu amene anali ndi zaka 12 zokha.

"Kurtengof"

Koma m'malo ambiri zoopsa Salaspils anali msasa imfa. ulemerero wawo wokhala analandira chifukwa chakuti munali kwambiri akaidi akaziwo anali ana aang'ono. Iwo lili Latvia, amene ndi "amphamvu ankhondo Ulamuliro wa Nazi, kumasulidwa ku goli la Aroma omwe ankalamulira dzikolo Union."

"Free" ndi bwino: mumsasa ichi chimodzi chokha wofera anapha anthu osachepera 100,000. Izi amanena zimakhala bwino kwambiri otsika kuti basi choonadi sanaike kuti: Mu 1944, onse msasa yachokera akhala mosamalitsa anawononga pa gulu.

Chimene chinachitika apa?

"Iye anali wotchuka ndi" Salaspils msasa imfa zosaneneka kukula anachita machimo pano. Choncho, njira makamaka wamba kupha ana anali wathunthu kukhetsa magazi awo, limene ntchito mu zipatala German ndipo zipatala zankhondo. Iwo anayesedwa njira zosiyanasiyana kupatsidwa zina.

Nkhondo itatha, osati kutali ndi dziko imene inali msasa ana a imfa, tinapeza m'dziko lachilendo kuti anali kwenikweni titanyowa ndi mafuta. The ofufuza amene anayamba kuphunzira ake anali Choopsatu zoopsa: mu dzenje chachikulu, dziko limene wothira phulusa anthu, anapeza mafupa a mafupa unburned. Kwambiri.

Onse a iwo a ana asanu - zaka zisanu ndi zinayi. Mwamwayi, pafupifupi onse a iwo anali "magazi mwiniwake" za thupi zimene mapampu kwenikweni youma.

Other "zatsopano"

Mumsasa ponseponse matenda opatsirana, waukulu umene unali chikuku. Ana amene akudwala, kwenikweni anakhala zatsopano woipa mtima: iwo chisanu, njala, udulidwe miyendo kuti "kukonza malire a m'thupi la munthu." Komanso, "experimenters" munasambitsidwa ndi ngozi ayezi madzi.

Infection ndi chamoyo mwachangu ZIPITA, ana anamwalira zoopsa zaululu, kuwawa ndi zina unatenga masiku angapo.

Ngati zonse msasa imfa (zithunzi ndi m'nkhani), izi mwachangu kwambiri ntchito ndi German "madokotala" zoti ziyesedwe katemera latsopano ndi antimicrobials. Pa ana akukumana ZINGATHANDIZE latsopano limene massively amavutitsidwa Arsenic awo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tinapeza kukaniza matenda m'mimba mwa ndiye antimicrobial, amene akaidi achinyamata ndi kachilombo typhoid, kamwazi ndi matenda ena.

anapezazo

nkhondo ndi analandira wankhanza kwambiri ndi zokhumudwitsa. Zilibe kuthetsa mikangano, koma kumabweretsa kudzikundikira yatsopano. Koma wachiwiri Irova anakumbukira kuti ena milandu nkhondo alibe lamulo zofooka, palibe malo chikhululukiro.

Pa m'misasa imfa imene ambirimbiri chidatengedwa, nthawi zonse tiyenera kukumbukira. Iwalani za milandu yotereyi zamphamvu ndi umunthu yokha ayi chosatheka, ngati izo zikanakhala mwala wa chikumbukiro cha ambiri, akuvutika zambiri anonymous.