Andale mu USSR mu zaka 30 za ulamuliro wankhanza boma

Opondereza andale mu USSR unakhazikitsidwa padziko chithunzi osakwatira zaka 30 - Iosifa Stalina. Zinali iye, sitepe ndi sitepe anawononga mpikisano ndi zokayikitsa, kukhazikitsa mu dziko ulamuliro wa mphamvu N'ZOSACHITA kufunsa.

ANAKULIRA kupondereza

Mu zaka zoyambilira za boma Soviet otsogolera mu chipani anatenga Lenin. Iye anatha kulamulira magulu osiyanasiyana mu Bolshevik utsogoleri likuvutika yonena ake. Anakhudzidwa ndi zikhalidwe za Civil nkhondo. Komabe, ndi isanayambike dziko, zinadziwika kuti Soviet Union akhoza sadzakhalakonso mu mkhalidwe nkhondo chikominisi, limodzi ndi kupondereza wosatha.

Asanamwalire, Lenin anali Mlengi wa Policy Chatsopano Economic. Anathandiza kumanganso dziko limenelo pambuyo pa zaka za nkhondo owonongedwa. Mu 1924, Lenin atamwalira, ndipo Soviet Union anali kachiwiri pamphambano.

Kulimbana mkati mtsogoleri wa MCP

Yankhanza andale ku Soviet Union mu zaka 30 chakhala lokha chifukwa Bolsheviks sanalenge chida yovomerezeka kulanda mphamvu. Pambuyo imfa Lenin a , kulimbana kwa mphamvu ya gulu lake. Kwambiri wachikoka chithunzi cha chipani anali odziwa chosintha Leon Trotsky. Iye anali mmodzi wa bungwe mwachindunji wa October kuukira boma ndi yofunika asilikali pa Civil nkhondo.

Komabe, Trotsky anataya hardware kulimbana Iosifu Stalinu, amene poyamba palibe amene anatenga kwambiri. Mlembi-General (ndiye positi wakhala oveteredwa) nayenso anachitira ndi mpikisano. Trotsky anali mu ndende, ndipo kunja, iye sanali otetezedwa. Iye adzaphedwa patapita nthawi yaitali - mu Mexico mu 1940.

Mu Soviet Union, Stalin inayamba kulinganiza woyamba chionetsero njira ndale, omwe anasonyeza kodi kupondereza mu USSR mu 30s lapansi. Kenaka amamangidwa ndi anawomberedwa ndi Bolsheviks kuitana woyamba. Iwo anali m'nthawi Lenin, anali kwa zaka zambiri ukapolo ndi mfumu ndipo anabwera Russia mu wotchuka sitima losindikizidwa. Iwo anawomberedwa: Kamenev, Zinoviev, Bukharin - onse amene anali mu kutsutsa kapena angadzitchule malo oyamba mu chipani.

anakonza chuma

Kumayambiriro kwa 20-30-ntchentche kuyamba zaka zisanu. Pulani ya chitukuko cha chuma Union kwambiri okhudza malo boma. Stalin ankafuna kulenga latsopano lolemera ndi asilikali makampani mu dziko. Kumangidwa kwa zomera hydropower ndi zina zomangamanga ano.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, Stalin bungwe njira zingapo ndale zokhudzana otchedwa tizirombo, T. E. anthu, makamaka kupanga doko. Zinali ndawala kupondereza a kalasi "anzeru luso", makamaka akatswiri. Anapitirira ndondomeko ya Party Industrial, choncho ndiye Shakhty ndi zina zotero E..

cannibalization

linatukuka ndondomeko anali chowawa kwambiri. Iye anali limodzi ndi pogroms m'mudzi. Dongosolo la ndale mu USSR zaka 30 anawononga kakang'ono wamba wolemera, ntchito pa malo awo ndi chimene anadyetsa.

M'malo mwake, boma analenga ku midzi ya gulu la. Minda gulu anayamba kusonkhanitsa anthu wamba onse. Simunakhutsidwe anazunzidwa ndi kutumizidwa kundende zachibalo. mudzi anakhala chidzudzulo kaŵirikaŵiri "kulaks", anabisalamo mbewu zawo kuboma. Mu Siberia ndi Kazakhstan anathamangitsidwa mabanja onse.

The Gulag

Pansi Stalin, m'misasa onse akaidi ophatikizidwa mu Gulag. The heyday a dongosolo lino zinachitika pa mapeto a 30s lapansi. Pomwepo adadza wotchuka 58th nkhani zandale, limene masauzande anthu amagwa msasa. Misa repressions mu USSR mu 30s zinali zofunika, choyamba, kuopseza anthu, ndipo kachiwiri, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito boma mtengo.

Ndipotu akaidi anakhala akapolo. zikhalidwe ntchito anali woipa mtima. Mothandizidwa ndi akaidi anazindikira ambiri ntchito yomanga mafakitale. kuchuluka Special womkanikizawo Soviet anapanga kuunikira ndi kulenga Belomorkanal. The Chifukwa mofulumira mafakitale wakhala zikamera wa wamphamvu asilikali mafakitale zovuta ndi impoverishment ing'onoing'ono. Chiwonongeko cha ulimi anali limodzi ndi njala yaikulu.

Mantha Great

Stalin opondereza boma mu USSR zaka 30 anafunika kupondereza zonse. Ndi nthawi iyi zida chipani kwathunthu m'malo maulamuliro onse. Dongosolo la ndale mu USSR zaka 30 wapanga padziko zosankha za CPSU (b).

Mu 1934 mu Leningrad, anaphedwa ndi mmodzi wa atsogoleri chipani Sergei Kirov. Stalin ntchito imfa yake ngati chowiringula kuyeretsa mkati mwa CPSU (B). Tinayamba kuphedwa kwa udindo wapamwamba Chikomyunizimu. Dongosolo la ndale la USSR zaka 30 Mwachidule, kwachititsa chakuti boma chitetezo matupi a anthu anawomberedwa pansi kuti yochokera kumwamba, zimene zinasonyeza kuti chiwerengero ofunikira ziganizo imfa chifukwa woukira boma.

njira zimenezi zinachitikanso asilikali. Mmenemo anawomberedwa atsogoleri, nkhondo yapachiweniweni ndipo ndi wodalirika zinachitikira akatswiri. Mu 1937-1938. kupondereza anatenga wina, ndi khalidwe dziko. The Gulag anatumiza Zitsulo, Latvians, Agiriki Finns, Chinese ndi ing'onoing'ono ina.

mfundo yachilendo

Monga kale, mfundo yachilendo ya Soviet Union zaka 30 anapereka palokha cholinga chachikulu - kupanga kusintha dziko. Pambuyo Civil nkhondo, mapulani a adagwa kudzera pamene anataya nkhondo ndi Poland. Zoyambirira za ulamuliro wake, Stalin mu nkhani zakunja chifukwa cha Comintern - Commonwealth maphwando chikominisi padziko lonse.

Ndi kudza kwa ulamuliro wa Hitler mu Germany, Mgwirizano wa Soviet mfundo yachilendo zaka 30 wakhala kuganizira rapprochement ndi Ulamuliro wa Nazi. Iwo analimbikitsidwa mgwirizano zachuma ndi kulankhula zamtendere. Mu 1939 iye anali anasaina Molotov-Ribbentrop ke. Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, boma anavomera kuti aukire mzake ndi kuwagawa Eastern Europe mu mitundu ya chikoka.

Posachedwapa nkhondo Soviet-Chifinishi. Pa nthawi imene Red Army anali anadula mutu kupondereza utsogoleri wake. Mwachitsanzo, woyamba wa adzasonkhanitsa asanu Soviet atatu anawomberedwa. Dzitetezeni fallacy mfundo imeneyi adatinso patapita zaka ziwiri, pamene Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.