N'chiyani chinathandiza kugwirizana kwa mafuko Arab: zimayambitsa ndi mfundo

Aluya ndinu mmodzi wa mitundu lalikulu kwambiri mu dziko, ngakhale kuti chikhulupiriro chawo chiri ndiwofatsa kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Komabe, asayansi Arab anapereka mankhwala dziko, masamu, chitsanzo cha boma ntchito. Pakali pano, chiwerengero cha anthu akuvomereza Islam, ndi 1.5, kapena 23% ya anthu okwana dziko. Ndi kuzindikira zodabwitsa kwambiri za Arab wamba chosonyeza kunyumba, amudziwe iye ngati gawo limodzi la anthu limodzi ndi wambawamba. A ubwenzi ofanana singalifotokoze zinthu zosiyanasiyana: chipembedzo, worldview, ina chilengedwe chikhalidwe. N'zovuta kulingalira kuti pa nthawi ina fuko lino anali mulu wa mafuko osiyanasiyana ku dera la ku Arabiya. makina Social, zomwe zinachitika pambuyo ukwati, chinali chofanana ndi maufumu olemekezeka, amene kokhaku mu mbiri ya anthu. Timayesetsa kumvetsa chimene chinayambitsa mgwirizano zonse chikumenyana mafuko a Aluya.

mbali Geographical

Akatswiri ambiri, funso n'lakuti, amene anathandiza kuti kugwirizana kwa mafuko Arab. Yankho lake wapangidwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, omwe ayankhidwa pansipa. Mbiri tikudziwa kuti poyamba ndende yaikulu ya Aluya anali mu Arabiya. Nyengo m'dera limeneli la dziko oipa ndithu: .. Chipululu otsika chinyezi, kusowa nthaka yachonde, etc. zonsezi kale kuti n'zovuta kwambiri kuti apulumuke wotere, makamaka yekha. Pakumvetsa izi kwazaka zambiri chakakhira Aluya kugwirizanitsa. Komabe, kulemera kusiyana kotani pakati pa mafuko: Mosiyana ndi zipembedzo, miyambo, miyambo ndi zina zambiri. Ndipotu, fuko lirilonse Arab adadzikweza chapadera pakati pa anthu ena onse. Inde, zovuta Hrs anakankhira kugwirizanitsa magulu awo, koma mapeto mafuko United Arab anathandiza chipembedzo.

Mohammed ndi ziphunzitso zake

Kale kusiyana pakati pa V ndi zaka VI BC nedotsivilizatsiya Aluya kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kuima amphumphu. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma pali mneneri wamkulu Mohammed. Munthu uyu kuika kwambiri khama, amene anathandiza pogwirizanitsa mafuko a Aluya. Mneneri analalikira Islam - chipembedzo monistic, mothandizidwa ndi Qur'an ndi chikhulupiriro mwa Mulungu. Chipembedzo zikufotokozedwa monga wosakanizidwa wa Chiyuda, Chikhristu ndi zipembedzo zonyenga a Aluya. Choyamba, mbalume zonse analalikira ndi Muhammad, ankaonera zoipa, koma kale mneneri VI m'ma analenga dera lake - ndi Ummah. Motero, chikhulupiriro mwa Mulungu mmodzi - ichi ndi chimene chinathandiza kugwirizana kwa mafuko Arab.

zikamera wa caliphate ndi

Tikumbukenso kuti caliphate sanadza mwakamodzi. The chopunthwitsa anali kusowa mphamvu Chisilamu. Only pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chikhulupiriro mu umodzi mulungu Allah mafuko aus ndi Khazraj Mneneri Muhammad akhoza kuyankhula poyera za chiphunzitso chake. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo citukuko ca Caliphate monga wogwirizana boma Arab. Pankhaniyi, Mohammed salinso zikuoneka ngati mneneri, ndipo ngati mtsogoleri amene analalikira zawo, malingaliro odalirika.

limati Arab wa pachimake

Imfa ya Mneneri Muhammad mu 632 zinachititsa zambiri zoipa chifukwa kumene analenga Arab Caliphate zochitika. Pa nthawiyi, boma kale anali ndi malo abwino, umene pa lonse la Arabiya. Likufanana ndi ichi, nkhondo akuyamba pakati ampatuko amene amasiya Islam yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa ya mneneri, ndipo asilikali Khalid Ibn al-Walid.

Pambuyo kugonjetsa osakhulupirira onse ayamba kulimbana kwa wolowa a Mohammed ndi ena kupikisana mphamvu. Mu 661 anaphedwa wotsiriza wa mneneri wamkulu, Ali Ibn Abi Talib. Wolamulira watsopano wa Arab Caliphate anakhala Muapiya mtundu wa Umayyads lapansi. Pa nthawi imeneyi, tikhoza kulankhula za kutha kwa mapangidwe statehood mu Arabiya, amene anathandiza kuti kugwirizana kwa mafuko Arab.

Kotero, chipembedzo chakhala zofunikira "kuphulika" imene wapereka mtundu otchuka moona Arab. Mohammed munthu akadali amachititsa zambiri mtsutso ndi zokambirana. Asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Islam anali kwenikweni anapanga ndi iye kuti akagwire mphamvu m'gawo la Arabia. Komabe, zochita zake zonse iwo amene anathandiza kuti kugwirizana kwa mafuko Arab, kotero zolinga ulibe kanthu, zofunika chifukwa chokha.