Medical deontology ndi makhalidwe: maziko, mfundo ndi njira

Deontology ndi makhalidwe abwino mankhwala nthawi zonse mtengo wapatali. Ichi ndi chifukwa limatchula cha ndodo zipatala.

Chikhazikitso cha chikhalidwe zachipatala ndi deontology lero

Panopa vuto ubale (onse mkati mukadzayamba ntchito, komanso ndi odwala) yotengedwa ndi tanthauzo lapadera. Popanda ntchito bwino mgwirizano pakati pa antchito onse, komanso pakalibe kukhulupirirana pakati dokotala ndi mtima chodziwikiratu Mokhumbira kwambiri a zachipatala.

chikhalidwe Medical ndi deontology si n'chimodzimodzi. Ndipotu, deontology ndi mtundu wina wa nthambi osiyana chikhalidwe. The chakuti kumadziona kuti ndine wolephera akatswiri kokha za chikumbumtima miyezo ya munthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chikhalidwe ndi mfundo tikulidziwa.

Kodi kukhala deontology?

Tsopano kuonetsetsa mitundu yambiri ya lingaliro ili. Izi zidalira pa zimene mlingo wa ubale tabled. Mwa mitundu waukulu wa iwo kuonetsetsa:

• Doctor - wodwalayo;
• Doctor - namwino;
• Doctor - Doctor;
• namwino - wodwalayo;
• namwino - namwino;
• Doctor - utsogoleli;
• Doctor - anamwino;
• namwino - anamwino;
• anamwino - anamwino;
• namwino - utsogoleli;
• anamwino - wodwalayo;
• anamwino - utsogoleli.

Ubale wa dotolo ndi mtima

Ndi apa kuti chikhalidwe zachipatala ndi chikhalidwe zachipatala ndi zofunika kwambiri. mfundo ndi yakuti palibe kugwilizana pakati pa odwala ndi dokotala silingakhale kukhulupirira ubwenzi ndi zoona mu nkhani iyi, wodwala munthu machiritso ndondomeko ali kwambiri anachedwa.

Kuti apeze chidaliro cha wodwala, malinga ndi chikhalidwe, adokotala tisalole tokha kuikira mawu komanso jargon, koma pa nthawi yomweyo tiyenera zovuta kumvetsa kuuza wodwala monga akamanena za matenda ake, ndi ntchito yaikulu kucitika kuti tikwaniritse kuchira bwino. Ngati dokotala kutero, ndiye iye ndithu kupeza anachita kuchipatala. chakuti wodwalayo kukhulupirirana dokotala pa 100%, koma ngati izo ziri kwenikweni wodalira Luso lake.

madokotala ambiri kuiwala kuti chikhalidwe zachipatala ndi chikhalidwe zachipatala amaletsa osokonezeka mtima ndipo anasonyeza poponya kovuta popanda kubweretsa akamanena anthu a chikhalidwe chake. Izi zimachititsa mantha zina odwala amene si abwino kuchira mwamsanga ndi angakhale chimawononga kwambiri ubwenzi ndi dokotala.

Komanso, makhalidwe zachipatala ndi deontology musalole dokotala kufalitsa mtima. Pankhaniyi, lamulo limeneli ayenera kutsata osati ndi anzanu kapena achibale, koma ngakhale ndi anzake amene samatenga mbali pa matenda a munthu winawake.

Anamwino kucheza ndi odwala

Monga amadziwika, namwino kuposa ena ogwira ntchito zaumoyo anakumana ndi odwala. mfundo ndi yakuti zambiri pambuyo m'mawa zipolopolo dokotala wodwalayo wa tsiku sangathenso kuwona. Namwino kangapo amachichita miyala, jakisoni, kuyeza magazi ndi kutentha, komanso amachita ena kopita dokotala nawo.

Ethics ndi namwino deontology amaitsogolera kukhala zabwino ndiponso kuchita wodwalayo. Komabe, mwina palibe sayenera iye interlocutor ndi kuyankha mafunso okhudza matenda ake. chakuti namwino mwina molakwika akamanena za ichi kapena matenda, chifukwa adzakhala kuvulala ntchito njira ikuchitika ndi dokotala nawo.

Ubale wa anamwino ndi odwala

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti wodwala ndi wamwano kapena dokotala kapena namwino, ndi anamwino. Mu yachibadwa malo zaumoyo ayenera kukhala. Anamwino kusamalira odwala, kupanga chilichonse (mkati chifukwa) kukhala awo ali ku chipatala anali yabwino kwambiri ndi omasuka. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuchita kukambirana mitu ya detachment ndipo makamaka kuyankha mafunso zachipatala ali sikuthandiza. ndodo wamng'ono mulibe kuphunzira zachipatala, kuti uweruze akamanena za matenda ndi mfundo za nawo, iwo angakhoze kokha moperewera mlingo.

Ubale ndi namwino dokotala

chikhalidwe Professional ndi deontology amafuna aulemu cha anthu kwa wina ndi mzake. Apo ayi, ndodo kupirira sizigwira ntchito. Ulalo chachikulu cha ubale akatswiri kuchipatala ndi mogwirizana kwa madokotala ndi anamwino.

Alongo woyamba zachipatala ayenera kuphunzira kulemekeza akuluakulu onse a asilikali. Ngakhale ngati dotolo ali wamng'ono kwambiri, ndipo namwino ntchito si khumi limodzi, komabe iye ayenera kuchitira iye ngati wachikulire, kukwaniritsa zofuna zake zonse. Izi ndi chikhazikitso cha chikhalidwe zachipatala ndi deontology.

Makamaka mosamalitsa malamulo amenewa ubwenzi ndi madokotala anamwino ayenera kutsatira pamaso pa wodwala. Iye ayenera kuona kuti kopita kuvumbitsira munthu wolemekezeka amene ali ngati mtsogoleri, wokhoza kusamalira gulu. Pankhaniyi, yonena za dokotala adzakhala pacimake.

Pa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha mwambo ndi deontology musati amaletsa namwino ngati iye anakumana zokwanira Zokuthandizani dokotala novice, kuti Mwachitsanzo, kuloŵedwa m'malo ake anachita mu vuto makamaka m'njira inayake. malangizo amenewa anapatsidwa mu mwamwayi ndi aulemu m'njira, sati amaona mwano dotolo wamng'ono, kapena maseŵera a mphamvu yake akatswiri. Pomaliza, iye adzakhala oyamikira kwambiri kwa lingaliro yake.

Ubale wa anamwino ndi ndodo junior

Ethics ndi deontology namwino n'kukulemberani mwaulemu kuthana ndi zipatala junior ndodo. Pankhaniyi, ubale wawo sayenera azipereka ankadziwa iliyonse. Apo ayi, zidzaunikidwa kuwola ndinso mkati timu, chifukwa posapita nthawi namwino angayambe kuti zonena za ena kapena namwino wina malangizo.

Mu chochitika cha Kukolanaku kuthandiza mapeto ake dokotala. chikhalidwe Medical ndi deontology izi saletsa. Komabe, ndodo pakati ndi junior ayesetse kutsegula dotolo ngati kuli kotheka mavuto kawirikawiri chifukwa njira ya mikangano antchito sikuphatikizidwa mu ntchito yake mwachindunji. Komanso, iye adzayenera kupereka mmalo mokomera ntchito, ndipo izi zingachititse zonena yotsirizira kukhala yekha dokotala.

Namwino ayenera mosayang'anira kukwaniritsa kutaya zonse chokwanira kwa namwino. Pomaliza, chigamulo kuwasungira awo kapena mwai ena amatenga osati yekha, ndi dokotala.

Zimachitika pakati pa anamwino ndi

Monga antchito ena onse kuchipatala, anamwino pakati pawo ayenera kusunga mbiri otsika ndi akatswiri. Ethics ndi namwino deontology amalangiza iye nthawizonse kuyang'ana bwino, kukhala aulemu kwa anzake. Kusamvana akuwuka pakati othandiza akhoza kuthetsa achikulire namwino kapena kuchipatala dipatimenti.

Komanso, aliyense namwino ayenera kuchita ntchito yawo yeniyeni. Mfundo zikuchitika sayenera. Izi zinali makamaka zofunika mme- alongo achikulire zachipatala. Ngati inu overextend katswiri maudindo wamng'ono zina ntchito kukhazikitsa amene iye komanso nako kalikonse, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti adzakhala pa ntchito imeneyi motalika kokwanira.

Kubverana madokotala

chikhalidwe Medical ndi deontology ndi mfundo zovuta kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa zosiyanasiyana ojambula zotheka pakati pa madokotala a onse limodzi ndi mbiri osiyana.

Madokotala kuchitira mnzake ulemu ndi kumvetsa. Apo ayi, ngozi osati kusokoneza ubwenzi, komanso mbiri yake. chikhalidwe Medical ndi deontology ali osavomerezeka kwambiri ndi madotolo kukambirana ndi aliyense anzake, ngakhale Sapita woona kotheratu. Izi ndi zoona makamaka mu milandu pamene dotolo amangolankhula wodwalayo kuti pali dokotala wina nthawi zonse. Mfundo kuti muyaya kuwononga ubwenzi chinsinsi pakati pa odwala ndi dokotala. Kulankhula a dokotala wina ndi wodwala, ngakhale ngati anapangidwa ena zolakwa zachipatala, ndi njira akufa mapeto. Izi, kumene, angalere udindo wa dokotala m'maso wodwalayo, koma kuchepetsa chidaliro mwa iye ndi anzake omwe. mfundo ndi yakuti posapita nthawi, dokotala amaphunzira ake takambirana. Ndithudi, iye sakanati ndiye mnzake wake ankachita mwanjira yomweyo monga kale.

Nkofunika kwa dokotala kuthandiza mnzake wake, ngakhale ngati anachita cholakwa zachipatala. Pamafunika kotero kuchita deontology akatswiri ndi makhalidwe. Pa zolakwa si inshuwaransi, ngakhale koposa aluso. The kwambiri kuti dokotala amene amaona wodwala kwa nthawi yoyamba, si nthawi zonse amamvetsa chifukwa mnzake akewo analowa imeneyi kapena kuti njira kuti ndi sakanachita.

dokotala ayeneranso kuthandiza anzawo wamng'ono. Zingatanthauze kuti kuyamba kugwira ntchito dokotala, munthu ayenera kusiya zaka zambiri. Pa nthawi iyi, iye kwenikweni afika kwambiri kwa kudziwa ongolankhula ndi zothandiza, koma ngakhale iwo sali wokwanira kwa mankhwala bwino wodwala makamaka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zinthu kuntchito mwachuluka mosiyana ndi zimene ankaphunzitsa ku sukulu mankhwala, choncho ngakhale zabwino dokotala wina amene tcheru kwambiri kwa maphunziro awo sadzakhala kukonzekera kukhudzana ndi zambiri kapena zosavuta mtima.

Ethics ndi deontology dokotala n'kukulemberani atsimikizire mnzake wake wamng'ono. Pa nthawi yomweyo kulankhula za chiyani kudziwa zimenezi silinakwaniritsidwe analandira pa kuphunzitsa, phindu. Izi zikhoza kusokoneza dokotala wamng'ono, sakanalola kuti kupempha thandizo, ankaona kuti kutenga chiopsezo, koma sanafune thandizo kwa munthu mlandu iye. Njira adzakhala ndi chabe kuwauza zoyenera kuchita. Mu chabe miyezi ingapo ntchito yeniyeni ndi nzeru zimene analandira ku yunivesite, lowonjezera ndi zinachitikira ndi dokotala wamng'ono adzatha kulimbana ndi pafupifupi wodwala aliyense.

kasamalidwe ubwenzi ndi antchito chisamaliro chaumoyo

Ethics ndi deontology wa umoyo ndi zogwirizana mu chimango cha mgwirizano woterowo. chakuti nthumwi za makonzedwe a - madokotala, ngakhale sangachitire okhudzidwa kwambiri mankhwala wodwala. Zilibe kanthu kuti iwo akuchita zinthu ndi atumiki afunika kutsatira malamulo okhwima. Ngati makonzedwe alibe kusankha mofulumira mu zochitika kumene mfundo za makhalidwe zachipatala ndi deontology akhala linaphwanya, izo angasiye antchito wapatali, kapena kungoti kuti iwo zogwirizana ntchito yokhala.

Maganizo a makonzedwe ndi atumiki ayenera kukhala wokhulupirika. kasamalidwe Hospital sakutero yopindulitsa pamene wantchito awo akalakwitsa, ngati dokotala wamkulu ndi mutu wa unit zachipatala mu malo, nthawi zonse amafuna kuteteza ogwira ntchito ake, m'makhalidwe ndi boma.

mfundo za chikhalidwe ndi deontology

Kuwonjezera pa mphindi payekha ubale wa pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyana, mwanjira ina zikugwirizana ndi ntchito zachipatala, palinso ambiri amene zogwirizana aliyense.

Makamaka dokotala ayenera ophunzira. Deontology ndi makhalidwe ndodo zachipatala lonse, osati dokotala n'kukulemberani Mulimonsemo sizingawononge wodwalayo. Mwachibadwa, zovuta kudziwa kulibe konse, koma dokotala ayenera kuyesetsa kuthetsa mwamsanga, chifukwa kumakhudzanso thanzi la ena.

Malamulo a mwambo ndi deontology ntchito kwa maonekedwe a ndodo zachipatala. Apo ayi, wodwalayo ndi chodziwikiratu kuona kuti dokotalayu ulemu wokwanira. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti sanali kugwilizana ndi malangizo a dokotala, umene zimawonjezera alili. Ungwiro wa mkanjo m'kaundula osati chiphunzitso imprecise a mwambo ndi deontology, komanso mfundo za thanzi.

zinthu zamakono zochuluka zaumoyo antchito kugwilizana ndi chikhalidwe amapeza. Ngati sizitanthauza kuti ntchito za wogwira ntchito zachipatala, amene lero ndi akukumana ndi vuto la chikhulupiriro pa gawo cha odwala, adzakhala zochepa wolemekezeka.

Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani ngati malamulo a mwambo ndi deontology unaphwanyidwa bwanji?

Zikatero, ngati kapitawo zachipatala wachita si yofunika kwambiri, ngakhale mosiyana chikhazikitso cha mwambo ndi deontology, chilango pazipita akhale depremirovanie ndi kukambirana ndi dokotala wamkulu. Palinso zochitika yaikulu kwambiri. Tikuyankhula zokhudza zochitika zina pamene dokotala amachita kwenikweni kuchokera wamba kuti amapweteka osati mbiri wake, komanso kutchuka kwa chipatala lonse. Mu nkhani iyi, ati ntchito pa mwambo ndi deontology. Pafupifupi utsogoleli wake wonse mabungwe mankhwala liyenera kukhala mbali. Ngati ntchito zikuchitika pa pempho la ena zaumoyo akatswiri ziyenera kukhalapo.

Nkhani imeneyi zofanana kwambiri ndi mayesero. Malinga ndi zotsatira za msonkhano Commission adzakhala apereke chigamulo. Iwo Mwina kumasula wantchito mlandu ndi kumubweretsa m'mavuto, mpaka kuchotsedwa ku ofesi. Komanso, muyeso ichi ntchito kokha mavuto aakulu yapadera.

Chifukwa mwambo ndi deontology si nthawi zonse analemekeza?

Kwenikweni izi chifukwa banal akatswiri amatopa matenda, zomwe ndi khalidwe madokotala. Izo zingachitike mwa ogwira ntchito ukatswiri uliwonse, amene ntchito kulankhulana zonse ndi anthu, koma ndi madokotala chikhalidwe ichi amapezeka mofulumira kwambiri ndipo kenako ukulu wake pazipita. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mu Kuwonjezera pa kulankhulana zonse ndi anthu ambiri madokotala amakhala mu mkhalidwe nkhawa, chifukwa zochita zambiri zimadalira moyo wa munthu.

Komanso, maphunziro mankhwala analandira mwa anthu amene nthawi zonse molingana ndi ntchito madokotala. Pankhaniyi ife sindikuyankhula za buku la chidziwitso zofunika. Si zofunika kwenikweni ndi luso kulankhula ndi anthu ndipo amafuna kuchita izo. Aliyense dokotala wabwino osachepera zina ayenera chimwemwe ntchito yake, komanso tsogolo la anthu odwala. Popanda izi, palibe deontology ndi chikhalidwe sati anati.

Nthawi zambiri, si kugwilizana ndi chikhalidwe kapena deontology mlandu si dokotala, ngakhale milandu adzagwa pa iye. Mfundo yakuti khalidwe la odwala ambiri ndi kwenikweni zovuta ndi samva kuti n'zosatheka.

Za mwambo ndi deontology makampani mankhwala

M'dera lino, adokotala akugwira ntchito ndipo amadalira kwambiri ntchito zawo. Musadabwe kuti palinso zamankhwala komanso zamulungu. Choyamba, zimaphatikizapo kuonetsetsa kuti asayansi apanga mankhwala apamwamba, komanso amawagulitsa pamtengo wotsika mtengo.

Sizingatheke kuti katswiri wamaphunziro ayambe kumwa mankhwala (ngakhale mwa malingaliro ake, mopambana kwambiri) pakupanga masewera popanda zovuta zowopsa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mankhwala alionse angayambitse zotsatira zambirimbiri, zotsatira zake zovulaza zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kwambiri.

Kodi mungatani kuti muzitsatira mfundo zokhudzana ndi makhalidwe abwino komanso zaumulungu?

Komabe, ngati zili zochepa ngati zilili, zinthu zambiri zimachepa ndi ndalama. Zindikirani kuti m'mayiko omwe madotolo ndi ogwira ntchito ena azachipatala ali ndi malipiro okwanira, vuto la chikhalidwe ndi deontolo si lovuta kwambiri. Mu njira zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono (poyerekezera ndi madokotala a pakhomo) matenda a akatswiri a zamalonda, popeza akatswiri achilendo ambiri samadandaula za ndalama, chifukwa malipiro awo ali pamlingo wokwanira.

N'kofunikanso kuti kayendetsedwe ka chipatala chikutsatira ndondomeko ya makhalidwe abwino ndi zachipembedzo. Mwachibadwa, iye mwiniwakeyo adzayenera kumamatira iwo. Apo ayi, padzakhala zochitika zambiri zotsutsana ndi malamulo ndi abambo. Kuonjezera apo, palibe chomwe chingatheke kuntchito zina zomwe sizikufunsidwa kuchokera kwa ena.

Nthawi yofunika kwambiri pokhalabe gulu ndikudzipereka ku maziko a chikhalidwe ndi deontology ndi kukumbukira nthawi kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zachipatala za kukhalapo kwa malamulo amenewa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, n'zotheka kuchita maphunziro apadera, omwe antchito amayenera kuthetsa pamodzi ntchito zina. Ndibwino kuti ngati masemina oterewa athandizidwe osati mwadzidzidzi, koma motsogoleredwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo yemwe amadziwa bwino ntchito za zipatala.

Nthano za makhalidwe abwino ndi deontology

Lingaliro lalikulu lolakwika likugwirizana ndi malingaliro awa ndilo lumbiro lotchedwa Hippocratic. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti pakutsutsana ndi madokotala anthu ambiri amakumbukira. Pochita izi, amasonyeza kuti muyenera kukhala wachifundo kwa wodwalayo.

Zoonadi, lumbiriro la Hippocrat liri ndi mgwirizano weniweni ndi malamulo a zachipatala ndi deontology. Koma okhawo amene amadziwa bwino malemba ake amadziwa mwamsanga kuti palibe chilichonse chomwe chikunena za odwala kumeneko. Cholinga chachikulu cha lumbiro la Hippocratic ndi lonjezo la adokotala kwa aphunzitsi ake kuti adzawachitira iwo ndi achibale awo kwaulere. Ponena za odwala omwe sanachite nawo maphunziro ake, palibe chomwe chinanenedwa. Komanso, lero lumbiriro la Hippocrat silinaperekedwe m'mayiko onse. Mu Soviet Union yomweyi, idasinthidwa ndi zosiyana kwambiri.

Mfundo ina yokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe ndi zachipatala m'zochitika zachipatala ndizokuti odwala aliyense ayenera kutsatira malamulowo. Ayenera kukhala aulemu kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala pamtundu uliwonse.