Chifukwa Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian? History of Russia

Mbiri ya Mama wathu kotero mizu m'mbuyomu, anthu ambiri a m'nthawi yathu n'komwe kuti n'chifukwa chiyani Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian.

Tom anathandiza zifukwa zambiri zomwe zina tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino.

Monga ndipo pamene panali Moscow?

Kievan boma Lazaro, analenga ana a Rurik, mwana wake ndi adzukulu, Vladimir, inali pa mayiko a Ukraine ano, Belarus ndi kum'mwera kwa Russia. likulu lake linali mzinda wa Kiev.

m'mphepete ake kumpoto kwa Asilavo kum'mawa linali dziko-Vyatichi ndi Finno-Finns - tsogolo kuthetsa dziko Moscow. Apa analamulira nkhalango moti zithaphwi, ndi za likulu aliyense mwa funso.

Ndipo komabe apa kuti anayamba kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian, mbiri ya Russia akutsimikizira zimenezi.

Malinga ndi Baibulo ambiri, anayambitsanso Moscow Prince Yuri, dzina Dolgoruky, amene anali wotchuka luso lodziwa ndi asilikali m'nthawi ya 12.

Mwa njira, kwa Prince George funso lokhudza chifukwa Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian, Ine sindikufuna kubetcherana, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo anapanga lokha anamva ang'onoang'ono kugawikana, pamene aliyense kalonga anali yekha.

kugawikana Izi ndi zinachititsa tsoka loopsa boma wamng'ono - nkhondo ya magulu a Batu Khan, zomwe zinawonongedwa ambiri a mzinda ulemerero Russian, kuphatikizapo Ryazan wakale, kumene ku tauni yaing'ono ya Moscow anali pakhomo.

Chifukwa kuwuka kwa Moscow pa Mongol-Chitata goli

Igo wabweretsa masoka ambiri ku Russia: unali msonkho kwa katundu, zinthu zagolide ndi anthu amene anakakamizika kulipira zonse ukulu; anawazunza zonse ndi gulu la; chiwonongeko cha nyumba.

Little Moscow mwayi: iye anali m'nkhalango moti (mawu "Moscow" latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku chinenero Finno-Ugric monga "malo m'madambo"), zomwe pang'ono amachepetsa imabwera matenda achilendo.

Komano, analamulira anthu Moscow amene luso zamtendere analola kukambirana ndi akuopsa khans horde.

Lotchuka kwambiri mwa anthu amenewa anakhala Prince Ivan, dzina Kalita. Iye anatha kukambirana ndi gulu ndi kupeza yekha ndi mbadwa zake za lokha pa ulamuliro waukulu (amene anapereka onyamula ake mwayi kulamulira akalonga ena onse a Russia m'malo mwa Khan).

Kulimbana molimba anapambana Kalita pa mkulu wina Russian, komanso ayenerere loterolo, Mikhail wa Tver. Ananyozedwa ndi Prince Michael ndi mwana wake Alexander ndi mdzukulu wa Theodore anagwidwa ndipo mwankhanza anaphedwa.

Komabe, osati mochenjera ndi nzeru anathandiza akalonga a Moscow mu nkhondo mpando wachifumuwo, yofunika kwambiri nyimbo ndi nyota zankhondo.

Kulikov nkhondo Dmitri Donskoy

Chifukwa Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian? funsoli mosavuta anayankha kuti potchula zochitika za mbiri Russian mu 1380. Ndiye Prince wamng'ono wa Moscow wotchedwa Dmitry Russia analimbikitsa anthu kulimbana ndi gulu adani. nkhondo kunachitika pa Kulikovo munda ndipo zinatha chigonjetso wathunthu wa asilikali Russian.

Komabe, patapita zaka ziwiri, pa dziko lakwathu ataukiranso magulu gulu kutsogoleredwa ndi Khan Tokhtamysh, koma chigonjetso cha Kulikovo ndi kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian pansi pa utsogoleri wa Moscow - ndi mfundo za unyolo wina. Iwo likukhalira kuti popanda wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy mzinda wake sibwenzi kukhala likulu la Russia.

Chifukwa Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian: chiweruzo cha mbiri yakale

azambiriyakale Russian amavomereza kuti Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha Russia, osalephera, osati chifukwa cha malo ake lawolawo kapena zinthu zina, ndi chifukwa chakuti zaka 200 mu mzinda ankalamulidwa ndi akalonga amene anali otchuka azandale, oimira ndi zithunzi asilikali.

Ndi chifukwa cha ntchito akalonga awa anali ogwirizana Russian mayiko.

Pambuyo chigonjetso cha Kulikovo Muscovy unakula mofulumira kwambiri, kungolandira dziko loyandikana nalo. Kale agogo Ivana Groznogo, Prince Ivan anakwanitsa kuthetsa kulimbikira wa kumpoto Russian dziko - Pskov ndi Novgorod, ndipo anatumizidwa ku mbali yaikulu ya m'madera awo.

Zinali Prince Ivan anatha potsiriza lichotse Tartar goli, limene Chilimbikitsidwabe yonena za Moscow. Choncho, m'nthawi a kalonga panalibe funso la chifukwa Moscow inasandulika chilikati cha Russia. Anam'chititsa.