Densitometry - ndichiyani? Bone densitometry ndi msana: zizindikiro ndi mitengo

Mafupa amasonyeza mlingo wa ndende ya mankhwala zochita kupanga (mwachitsanzo, calcium). Mwachidule, chizindikiro amasonyeza mphamvu ya nyengo.

mwachidule

Ndi kuchuluka kwa fupa munthu aliyense kwa zaka amachepetsa. Zochitika kukhala n'kakang'ono ndi dongosolo lawo - kwambiri porous. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mapangidwe minofu fupa msanga kuposa chiwonongeko, catabolism chimapambana pa anabolism. Ndi zaka kumatheka leaching wa mankhwala zochita kupanga mbali. Zimenezi, amachepetsa mphamvu ya mafupa, kuwonjezera imabwera fractures. Choncho, osteopenia pang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa kufooka kwa mafupa. The lolemererapo choyambirira fupa, motalikira kudzatenga kuti uwonongedwe. Kulimbikitsa ntchito za Yesu (maphunziro pa simulators kuyenda) ndi zowonjezera calcium. The zambiri zamakono monga zipangizo monga "Actonel", "Fomasaks", "Miakaltsik". akazi azimayi amsinkhu umenewu amakumana anatumizidwa timadzi (m'malo) mankhwala. Izi zimathandiza m'mbuyo catabolism.

Zina mwa zifukwa

amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha kufooka kwa mafupa, zinthu zina.

• Age. Childs, kwa zaka 30 zimatheka mphamvu pazipita ndi mafupa. Pambuyo kuti pali kuchepa pang'onopang'ono.
• Chinthu jenda. Wamkulu chiwopsezo kuti chitukuko cha chiwonongeko ndi akazi zaka zoposa 50. Iwo kanayi kuposa anthu sachedwa kufooka kwa mafupa.
• Mafupa ndi thupi. akazi Large sitichedwa kufooka kwa mafupa modalira zitani. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi amuna adynamic.
• Kuvomereza angapo mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito yaitali wothandizila steroid (mwachitsanzo mankhwala "prednisolone") ndi nakweza zoyipa pa umoyo fupa. Zimenezi, kumachititsa kukhala kufooka kwa mafupa.
• Pamaso pa fupa fractures mu anamnesis.
• Postoperative chikhalidwe pambuyo kuchotsa thumba losunga mazira ndi.
• mbiri banja. Chimodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri chitukuko cha matenda a mafupa imatengedwa kukhala cholowa. Mu nkhani ngati achibale (ndi agogo, makolo agogo) zizindikiro lino la kufooka kwa mafupa (mwachitsanzo, fupa lothyoka la femur ndi kugwa pang'ono), ngozi ya chitukuko si mkulu.
• Kugwiritsa kudya mowa.
• Kupezeka kwa munthu kudwala somatic limodzi ndi excretion kwambiri kashiamu mu minofu fupa (mwachitsanzo hypothyroidism).
• Wongokhala.
• Poyamba, woonda mafupa.
• Chakudya ndi okhutira otsika vitamini D ndi calcium.
• Oyambirira kusintha.

Muyeso wa minofu kachulukidwe: Njira

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuti aziphunzira naye. Njira yotchuka ndi densitometry. Kodi mtundu wa kafukufuku? Ndondomeko ikuchitika pa zipangizo zina zapadera tsiku. Pa phunzirolo wodwala lagona pa nsana wake pa tebulo ndi shins nkhawa kapena miyendo molunjika. Ndiyeno ganizirani zimene zingakhale densitometry, ndi Mulimonsemo analimbikitsa.

Wapawiri-mphamvu X-ray diagnostics

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa njira zimene angathe kuchitidwa densitometry. Kodi izo - wapawiri-mphamvu x-ray? Njira imatengedwa muyeso zolondola kwambiri ndi minofu. Pankhaniyi, awiri matabwa osiyana. Njira imeneyi imagwiridwa densitometry a msana ndi m'chiuno. The lolemererapo minofu, kovuta kuti kudutsa X-ray mtengo. Mu chimangirizo, ndi kufanizitsa zotsatira za zotsatira awiri mayamwidwe katswiri angathe molondola kwambiri anapereka kuchepetsa kachulukidwe mu minofu. Kudzera densitometry angathe kuyeza ndi imfa ya 2% ya misa pa chaka. Akhala densitometry (kutanthauza pamwamba) yaing'ono nthawi. The cheza mlingo zachepa kwambiri pophunzira Baibulo.

Zotumphukira fupa densitometry

zambiri mu phunziro kukonzekera bwino kwambiri analogous kuti tafotokozazi. Densitometry, mtengo wa tikambirana pansipa, zimathandiza kufufuza osalimba a minofu mu mwendo ndi dzanja - chitende ndi dzanja. Komabe, m'madera ena kuchita muyeso ndi kovuta. Makamaka zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa msana ndi pamwamba pa malekezero m'munsi, kumene fractures zimachitika kawirikawiri kwambiri. Pamene phunziro choncho ntchito mlingo wochepa kwambiri cheza. densitometers zotumphukira ndi mafoni wonyamulikayu. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu ofesi dokotala wamba a. Tikumbukenso kuti mudziwe zili njira kufufuza si kwambiri. Zotumphukira densitometry fupa wayikidwa pamene kuchita mosamala kafukufuku komanso kuyan'anila dzuwa la mankhwala la kufooka kwa mafupa.

The njira ziwiri fotoni

Mu phunziro limeneli choncho, ntchito isotopes nyukiliya. njira limachititsa chaka osalimba a minofu mu msana ndi ntchafu. Pa ndondomeko, anagwiritsanso ntchito otsika cheza mlingo. Izo ziyenera kuti iwiri fotoni densitometry a msana ndi ntchafu kumafuna nthawi yaitali kuti zotsatira.

kachulukidwe CT

Ichi ndi mtundu umodzi wa kulingalira, m'mene kwa nyumba fupa kulingalira ndi chithunzi chenicheni cha minofu boma la X-ray cheza ntchito mu mawonekedwe chochuluka. Komabe, njira imeneyi si ntchito kuchita nthaŵi zonse, mwachitsanzo, zotumphukira fupa densitometry (monga tafotokozazi). Ichi ndi chifukwa mkulu cheza katundu pa chamoyo.

ultrasound densitometry

Njira imeneyi kufufuza zachokera muyeso wa mathamangidwe yoweyula ndi umene anagawira pamwamba nsalu. Komanso, pafupifupi burodibandi kubalalika m'dera chandamale. Zikomo njirayi, katswiri akhoza kuwunika osati osalimba, komanso stiffness ndi elasticity wa minofu. Informativeness kuphunzira izi kwambiri otsika anthu amene X-ray ntchito.

umboni

Kukumana densitometry tikulimbikitsidwa m'magulu awa kwa nzika zonse.

• Anthu ali kuposa 2 zinthu chiopsezo cha kufooka kwa mafupa.
• Akazi kusamba. Amfunsefunse mmene yokumba (pambuyo kuchotsa thumba losunga mazira) ndi boma zachilengedwe.
• Amuna a zaka zoposa 50.
• Odwala amene anapulumutsa kufooka kwa mafupa pa radiographs.
• Anthu a zaka 40 amene anali fractures chimodzi kapena zingapo (mu nkhani ya ngozi, akugwa, kuvulala pa ntchito kapena masewera).
• Odwala endocrine ndi pathologies enaake ophwanya.
• Odwala kupindika msana, herniated zimbale, ululu otsika kapena kuvulala msana.
• Anthu amene amalandira chithandizo cha kufooka kwa mafupa (kudziwa dzuwa la).
• Akazi, nthawi yaitali ntchito kulera m'thupi.
• Anthu ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono (chimodzi ndi mamita theka), osati chifukwa chibadwa.
• Anthu misa index imene imafikira mayunitsi 18,5.

contraindications

Popeza kukhazikitsa ndondomeko opirira poyera kuti X-ray kukhudzana ali osavomerezeka densitometry (ngakhale pa mlingo zing'onozing'ono) kwa amayi apakati. Ichi ndi chifukwa Mwina mkulu wa zotsatira chowawa cheza pa mwana wosabadwayo. Mwa zifukwa zina phunziro akhoza contraindicated, tisaiwale:

• pamaso pa amadzala zachitsulo ntchito opaleshoni reconstructive;
• nyamakazi msana;
• kuvulala posachedwapa, fractures.

Densitometry ali osavomerezeka chifukwa masiku 10 pambuyo X-ray Kupenda ntchito barium mosiyana.

maphunziro

Densitometry, mtengo umene zimasiyanasiyana pakati 2,000 rubles - ndondomeko sabweretsa chisoni. Isanafike kukhazikitsa Sikuti mwa njira iliyonse mwapadera okonzeka. Childs, choyezera minofu kachulukidwe akukwana ndondomeko limodzi.

Maphunziro

Asanayambe kugwira ndondomeko, mtima linafunsidwa kuchotsa zinthu zonse zodzikongoletsera ndi zinthu zitsulo. phunziro sayambitsa kusapeza anthu, si olanda. Densitometry sayambitsa mavuto. Kutalika kwake - mphindi 5-20. Kutalika chimadalira pa kuchuluka kwa kafukufuku. Pa chindodo ndondomeko imagwiridwa ndi X-ray m'madera chigoba. Kuyeza mlingo wa poizoni mayamwidwe atakhazikitsa kachipangizo a. Kuchokera pa zimenezi, ndandanda wamangidwa. Muyeso gawo la m'dera ziyerekezo ndi ndende ya mankhwala mchere. Pamaziko a zolozerazi kuchita masamu minofu osalimba.

chifukwa

Mfundo akamagwira kuyeza mapeto, anasonyeza zizindikiro T ndi Z. The woyamba T-mphambu akuyerekeza osalimba a fupa minofu ya mtima kulamulira magawo a anthu athanzi zaka 30 zakubadwa. Z Scale amalola kuti zizifanana ndi magawo ambiri anthu monga mtundu, jenda ndi zaka. Mwachibadwa, kulimba ayenera kukhala osati poyerekeza kupatuka 1 muyezo. kachulukidwe mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera -1 kwa -2,5 T-mphambu amaonedwa monga osteopenia, i.e. boma pamaso maonekedwe a kufooka kwa mafupa pangozi makezana za fractures. Pochititsa matenda n'komwe minofu kachulukidwe nonuniformity pa malo osiyana.

pomaliza

Lero, matenda a kufooka kwa mafupa, kufufuza njira wotchuka zinafika densitometry. Kodi ndondomeko? kafukufuku imagwiridwa pafupifupi mzinda wa dziko, Multilaterial ndi yopapatiza-mbiri zipatala. Ngati ndi kotheka kubwereza ndondomeko zomwe kuthandiza kudziletsa pa boma la kagayidwe mchere. pafupipafupi awo amusankha kwa wodwala aliyense payekha. Izi zimatengera ku mbali chifukwa cha ntchito, zaka, komanso matenda.