Kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya zopangitsa ndi malovu

Pa Ages Middle panali njira chidwi kuti tipeze ndi wolakwa kapena ayi. Iye anapereka kuyesera mpunga youma. Ngati munthu akanakhoza kumeza izo, ndiye ine wolakwa. Tsopano n'zovuta kukhulupirira, koma pa mtima wa njira yotero ndi ntchito ya zopangitsa ndi malovu. nkhaniyi ndipo adzakhala wodzipereka kwa nkhani ino.

Features ya kapangidwe ka dongosolo m'mimba anthu

dongosolo m'mimba wa munthu kwake magawo awiri. Izi pochitika kudzera "chubu" wotchedwa thirakiti m'mimba ndi prostate. Recent secrete zinthu zapadera - michere. Iwo kufulumizitsa zosiyanasiyana zimachitikira, amene amathandiza kuphwanya chakudya thirakiti. Anthu, mitundu itatu ya zopangitsa. Zoyambazo zikuphatikizapo malovu. Iwo zili M'mimbamo m'kamwa.

ndi ntchito ya zopangitsa ndi malovu chiyani? Iwo amapereka processing yaikulu ya chakudya. Ngakhale michere kuti muli malovu, angathe anadziphatika chakudya zovuta yekha chosavuta.

Chimbudzi mu M'mimbamo m'kamwa

Ntchito zopangitsa ndi malovu akuyamba anachita pokhapokha kusanthula m'kamwa limapezeka pa kukoma kwa chakudya ndi kutentha. Izi zimachitika ndi thandizo la formations tcheru ili mu mucosa wa, - zolandilira.

Kamodzi pa kamwa, chakudya wasambitsa ndipo machined ntchito mano. Anthu, iwo kusiyanitsidwa. Malinga kukonza, mawonekedwe ndi ntchito kusiyanitsa ndi incisors, canines, ang'ono ndi lalikulu molars. Komanso amapezeka ndi processing mankhwala chakudya ndi malovu.

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya zopangitsa ndi malovu

Anthu, pali magulu atatu a lalikulu malovu zopangitsa: parotid, submandibular ndi sublingual. Woyamba m'dera minofu masticatory. Iwo chachikulu kuposa mitsempha nkhope, mtsempha wamagazi carotid ndi mtsempha. M'dera sublingual lotseguka ducts wa zopangitsa submandibular. Iwo aziwapatsa nthambi za mtsempha wamagazi ndi nkhope. Sublingual ali wamng'ono kukula pakati pa maadiresi. Iwo zili m'makwinya eponymous. Pakuti zopangitsa yaing'ono malovu ndi Palatine, lingual, labial, buccal ndi molar. Ikani kutanthauzira awo ndi m'kamwa mucosa.

Malovu England ntchito mu chimbudzi anatsimikiza makamaka mwa dongosolo la minofu, amene iwo anapanga - ndizo epithelium glandular. minofu iyi imakhala yaing'ono, maselo mwamphamvu odzaza. Chifukwa nyumba imeneyi amalenga chotchinga chachilengedwe pakati pa chamoyo ndi chilengedwe.

The zikuchokera malovuwo

Popeza malovu England ntchito monga wetting ndi zapulaimale akuwaza chakudya zikuchokera mu secretions awo ndi madzi ndi michere zosiyanasiyana. The thupi katundu malovu ndi madzi muco-zomatira. madzi ndi maziko ake, agwilitse oposa 98% ya kapangidwe okwana. Michere, monga amylase, maltase ndi lysozyme m'mimba chakudya. Mucous kugwirizana malovu amamangirira mankhwala makamaka - mucin. katundu wapadera ali parotin timadzi. Iwo anapezeka ku malovu ndipo angalimbitse enamel.

M'mimbamo m'kamwa nthawi zonse allocated mchere ndi organic. Gulu loyamba limapangidwa ayoni sodium, potaziyamu, calcium, pakachitsulo, magnesium, mkuwa, komanso chlorides awo, carbonates ndi phosphates. m'nyanjazi Organic malovu ndi mapulotini, michere, mahomoni ndi mavitamini.

Koma kuchuluka kwa zinthu deta si nthawi zonse. zinthu zikuchokera malovu zingasiyane malingana ndi zaka, matenda, chakudya zikuchokera, pamaso pa zizolowezi zoipa anthu. Choncho, mlingo wa thiocyanate mu osuta ndi apamwamba kwambiri, popeza chinthu ichi n'chongoletsa ndi poizoni utsi wa fodya. Ndi zaka, malovu anthu ndi chodziwa zili magnesium ndi calcium.

lysozyme

Dzina lachiwiri la mankhwala - muramidase. Adzaupereka kwa gulu la michere hydrolytic. Komanso malovu, lysozyme ali ndi kuichotsa madzimadzi, chigoba cha thirakiti m'mimba, mamina m'mphuno, magazi, chiwindi, chichereŵechereŵe. A zambiri za izo ndi mkaka wa m'mawere. Choona chidwi ndi kuti anthu nkhani imeneyi kwambiri kuposa ng'ombe. Ndipo pa nthawi, kuchuluka kwa lysozyme mu mkaka zikuchulukirachulukira.

Muramidase angathe anadziphatika makoma khungu la bakiteriya. Ikufotokoza masaka ake katundu. Zambiri lysozyme ndi dzira loyera. Mwa zamoyo chomera mankhwala lili horseradish, turnips, kabichi ndi radish.

Amylase ndi maltase

Ntchito michere ya zopangitsa malovu - makamaka pa Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa zinsinsi kuphwanyaphwanya polysaccharides. Palimodzi pali za makumi asanu. Anthu kutsogolera ndi amylase ndi maltase.

Zovuta chakudya ndi amatchedwanso dzuwa. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti iwo ali wokoma kwa kukoma. Choncho, chakudya wolemera polysaccharides chiyambi masamba. Koma pali zokoma kukoma mu pogawanikana pamawere awo. chodabwitsa Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mu njira ya ndondomeko ici ulikubala monosaccharides, kapena dzuwa yosavuta. Ali ndi kukoma.

N'chifukwa chiyani zomera chakudya m'mimba mofulumira? chakuti malovu michere zimasiya kugwira chakudya mkamwa kale. Koma mapuloteni ndi chakudya kuphwanya mu monomers yekha mmimba. Chakudya kupeza pali kale ling'ambika ndipo kukonzekera mayamwidwe. Choncho, chomera zakudya kwambiri facilitates ntchito ya dongosolo m'mimba.

Katundu malovu michere panopa ankagwiritsa ntchito mu makampani. Mwachitsanzo, amylase, amene ali yisiti anawonjezera kuti anaphika katundu kusintha khalidwe lawo. Koma anafikapo ku detergents amatha mofulumira digested wowuma.

mucin

Ntchito zopangitsa ndi malovu ndi pakamwa moistening ndi tinthu chakudya. Iwo amachita mucin. mankhwala amatchedwa ntchofu. Koma kwenikweni ndi mapuloteni zovuta wapangidwa, kuwonjezera kwa amino zidulo, chakudya aphatikizidwa. Mucin zimapangitsa malovu viscous chifukwa amatha kusunga madzi. Iye unakhala fodya ameneyu amatafunidwa chunks chakudya, kupanga iwo angathe ndime zina mwa mundawo m'mimba. Komanso, ntchofu nayenso masaka katundu. Iwo chindiletsa kuphatikana bakiteriya kwa mucosa mkamwa, komanso kudzikundikira awo M'mimbamo ake.

Kodi malovu

Ndondomeko malovu reflex amapezeka. Pamene mukudya chakudya umasokoneza zolandilira manenedwe ndi pakamwa. Ici ulikubala zikhumbo mitsempha kuti zinthu pa ulusi kwenikweni mu medulla oblongata. Pali likulu la salivation. Ku zikhumbo kubwerera zopangitsa lapansi. Chifukwa, salivate. Masana chifukwa amapangidwa mwa munthu malita 1.5. Salivation chakudya amene amabwera mwachindunji m'kamwa, otchedwa unconditioned.

Koma angayambe popanda pamaso chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, malovu akhoza n'kopanda anthu pa maso pa chakudya kapena chifaniziro chake, kununkhiza, kapena ngakhale ndinaganiza za izo. Ingokumbukirani, zikuwoneka ngati mandimu wowawasa. Mwansanga chifukwa salivation. Koma izo ziyenera kukhala reflex wabwino.

Akuti pafupifupi safuna kuoneka akagona malovu. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake ndi pa zinthu zolemera nkhawa, zochita za mankhwala, ndi madzi m'thupi, matenda mitsempha, kusintha, kulephera impso ndi matenda a shuga.

Iwo amatchedwa matenda aakulu amene kuchuluka malovu singakwane. Njirayi imatchedwa xerostomia. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi youma pakamwa, amaika kukhuthala malovuwo, chakudya kukoma kukakala, ululu Pomeza ndi kulankhula.

Pomeza chakudya

Ntchito zopangitsa ndi malovu, lomwe limapezeka pa kamwa, kotheka kupititsa patsogolo kulimbikitsa chakudya. Ndi nthawi chakudya kuwameza, iwo kale umakaniko ya mnofu, yonyowa pang'ono m'mimba. chilankhulo Komanso amakankhira mtanda chakudya kummero. Monga akulowa kum'mero? Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchepetsedwa lilime ndi zapakhosi. Panthawi imeneyi, khomo airway yatsekedwa supraglottic chichereŵechereŵe. esophageal khoma pa nthawi yomweyo komanso ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi mtanda ndi kusamukira ku mbali kukodzedwa kwa matupi dongosolo - m'mimba.

Choncho, ntchito za zopangitsa anthu malovu zotsatirazi:

- enzyme - chimbudzi chakudya zovuta mu losavuta;

- zitetezeni - neutralization tizilombo, machiritso a mucosa mkamwa, kupereka filimu pa enamel dzino, kuwateteza ku zidulo organic;

- m'mimba - wetting ndi olimbikitsa chakudya;

- Timadzi tinatake ta m'thupi - kupereka mineralization wa zimakhala olimba mano;

- kuyeretsa - elution ndi kuchotsa kwa M'mimbamo m'kamwa mwa particles yachilendo, zatsalira chakudya, tizilombo ndi poizoni.