Gerhard Richter - kwambiri mtengo European wojambula wa amoyo

Iye ankaona otchuka, wotchuka kwambiri moyo wojambula. Mtengo okwana anagulitsa pa amagulitsa nsombazo ntchito zapita madola theka biliyoni. Lembani mtengo chinthu chimodzi anakhazikitsidwa mu February 2015 umboni zikuchokera, chomwe kale za $ 44, 5 miliyoni.

Gerhard Richter, pokhala ukalamba, akonda zachinsinsi ndi mwachangu akugwirabe ntchito situdiyo wake pafupi Cologne. Aliyense chionetsero latsopano ntchito zake ndi zodabwitsa zachilendo zilandiridwenso ndi kukhala chochitika yowala mu moyo luso la Europe ndi dziko.

Germany, East Germany, West Germany

Iye anabadwa mu 1932 ku Dresden. Atate - Horst Richter - anali mphunzitsi wa sukulu, koma mphamvu zochulukirapo pa kukula mwauzimu Gerhard anali mayi - Hildegard. Iye anavomereza chidwi mwana wake precocious zaluso.

Mu 1951, Gerhard Richter akulowa Hochschule für Bildende Künste - School Apamwamba of Wabwino Tirhana ku Dresden, komwe adalandira maziko olimba maphunziro. Luso moyo East Germany, kumene Gerhard anaonekera pa malo a kubadwa, anakula koposa maganizo. Nthawi ya maphunziro koyamba ntchito chithunzicho wamng'ono unachitikira pa nthawi imene zokomera Kuzindikira anakhala waukulu luso kalembedwe, ndi polimbana zamawonekedwe ndi abstractionism ndi wapadera kwambiri.

Mu 1958, Richter mzinda wa Kassel (West Germany), chionetsero cha luso chi amatchedwa "choyenera." Bukuli linapangidwa kugonjetsa zotsatira za luso Nazi - avant-garde ndipo anazunzidwa mu nthawi ya Nazism. Zojambula, munthu maganizo kwambiri avant-garde - Jason Pollock, Jean Fotre, Lucio Fontana, ndi ena - kuti zinasinthiratu maganizo a Richter. Chikhumbo cha ufulu wa zilandiridwenso kwachititsa iye chigamulo kusamuka, ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse amaonedwa yekha ojambula zithunzi apolitical. Mu 1961, Gerhard Richter anakhala othawa kwawo ndale ndipo ali mu Germany.

zatsopano nthawi

Mu 1961, Richter, ngakhale kuti maphunziro Inde pa Dresden High School, anakhala wophunzira kachiwiri. Iye analowa Academy of Art Düsseldorf. Maphunziro, zomwe iye afika kumeneko, wasanduka chida zofunikira mu moyo expat. moyo wake pa nthawi imeneyi - kupeza njira yanu yanu pa luso nthawi amaona zonse. Iye anayesera dzanja lake pafupifupi m'madera onse a kupenta ano - kuchokera expressionism umboni kuti tumphuka luso.

Gerhard ndi pakati awo anzanga a m'kalasi, kuphatikizapo Sigmar Polke, Konrad Fischer. Mu 1963, limodzi la masitolo kanthu pakati pa Düsseldorf anatsegula chionetsero mogwirizana imene nyimbo Pop artovskoy ndi lowonjezera ndi moyo zisudzo ziboliboli, filimu ziyerekezo ndi zina zotero. D. kalembedwe chilengedwe cha Richter ndi anzake Eti otchedwa capitalist Kuzindikira.

Ambiri mwa ntchito yake pa nthawi Gerhard Rihter amawaona phindu lochepa ndi kuwonongedwa. Koma pamene izo anaonekera zithunzi koyamba kuti zochokera zithunzi wakuda ndi woyera, umene umamumvera chenicheni chithunzi blurring khalidwe, amene wakhala khadi ntchito mfiti.

Mu 1964, pamene anamaliza maphunziro awo Academy, akuyamba osadalira pa chithunzicho.

Njira kuzindikiridwa

Mu 1967, Richter anatumizidwa Kunstpreis junger westen - Prize zomwe zinasonyeza kwambiri luso ojambula zithunzi achinyamata Germany, ndipo mu 1971 ntchito zake anachotsedwa pa hema pa wotchuka Venice Biennale. Mu 1973, woyamba payekha chionetsero cha chithunzicho mu United States.

Kuyambira pamenepo, zojambula wake kuwonekera zapamwamba zopereka boma ndi ena. Kuwonjezera phindu mwangwiro luso la ntchito yake, akatswiri ndi omvera taonera lonse la kafukufuku amaona Mlengi. Richter malingaliro kuuzira ojambula padziko lonse, kukhala maziko a mumaganiza latsopano luso ano.

mavuto gulu

"Mu luso langa palibe pulogalamu, palibe kalembedwe limodzi, palibe malangizo onse", - amakonda kubwereza Gerhard Richter. zojambula wake ali osiyanasiyana mu Mitundu ndi mitu. Komanso ntchito analenga pamphambano ya zojambula ndi zithunzi, mbuye amalenga zokongola Mipikisano cholinga zikuchokera anabadwa kudzera scrapers, maburashi ndi squeegee - spatula lonse, kufalitsa kusakaniza ndege lalikulu zokongola.

Amadziwika monochrome wake (imvi) M'zithunzi minimalist ndi ophiphiritsa ndipo sanali wophiphiritsa, zithunzi hyperrealistic ndi mitunda, ndipo komabe lifes chodabwitsa kalembedwe fotozhivopisi - awa "makandulo", analengedwa mu 1980s oyambirira, ndi zina zambiri. Iye anakhala nawo pa ntchito yomanga wotchuka mazenera papezeka-magalasi chachikulu cha Cologne. Pa nthawi zaposachedwapa limasonyeza pano ndi chosema - zikuchokera mtokoma wa ili pa ngodya zosiyanasiyana zojambula galasi.

Richter mu XXI m'zaka

Okwana pali zikwi zitatu nsalu zokha ayi. Ngakhale mavuto sitiroko Richter, chaka zikuoneka mazana awiri latsopano zojambula wake.

chifukwa wake manyazi ndi kusokonezeka ndi mitengo imene kukopedwa pa yobetcherana ntchito zake. Iye evinces chikaiko zifukwa pakunena kuti lero zikusintha chimake cha luso. Choncho gawo la wosakhazikika aone zokhudza ntchito luso oyera moyo wamakono zikuchulukirachulukira. Ngakhale, iye ali odzaza mphamvu ndi mtima wofuna ntchito ndi kulenga.