Korinto kuti

Kukula kwa masitaelo atatu tingachipeze powerenga za zomangamanga Greek - Doric, amaayoni, ndipo Korinto - anamwalira mu mibadwo ya mdima. Awa njira zitatu yeniyeni ya zomangamanga Korinto kalembedwe ndi ambiri kukongoletsa ndi ambiri bwino masiku ano. Iye anayamba zochokera Dorian ndi amaayoni mapulani zikuchokera mitundu (malamulo) amene anatsimikiza ndi osakaniza anapangira pomanga mbali zina za ndime ndi kuwamaliza ake. Iwo nalo dzina lake pa wakale Greek polis Korinto, koma mwinamwake yapangidwa Athens mu zana lachisanu BC. Chitsanzo otchuka ntchito kalembedwe kuti Yehova waliteteza masiku ano, angapezeke mu kachisi Apollo Epikureya ili mbali kumpoto kum'mawa kwa Messiah (mu Greece wakale, gawo la Arcadia), mu Bass.

Koma ndi chidwi kuti dongosolo Korinto si mbali ya mpingo, amene anali ndi zipilala Doric mozungulira ndi amaayoni kuti mu Celle. Zella - izo ndi danga akachita mkati mpanda wa kachisi, amene munali fano la mulungu. malo ndi malo opatulika (Hiero), kumene ankakhala mulungu. Ndipo chimodzi chokha Korinto mzati ndi mkati cella lapansi. Mbali lachinsinsi la ndilo chifukwa cha kutsutsana mwa amafufuza zamakezana ndi mbiri yakale. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti ndi - chitsanzo cha nsembe kwa mulungu. Anachitazi Tingaone mu kachisi wakale Greek, anamanga m'nthawi yotsatira. Chitsanzo odziwika bwino, pamene dongosolo Korinto anali kugwiritsidwa ngati gawo la kachisi, ndi mtundu wa chipilala horegicheskogo, zipilala (mizati isanu), chipilala cha Lysicrates ku Athens, anamanga mu 334 BC.

Malinga ndi nthano wokongola za chiyambi cha mzati, anauza mwa Vitruvius wakale Greek mbuye zamkuwa akuponya Callimachus kamodzi kuyenda pafupi ndi Korinto ndipo anadza pa mulu, zomwe zinali kupumula mtsikana wina. Zinali nsugwi dengu msondodzi ndi mphatso mu mawonekedwe a zidole, pamwamba lokutidwa mbale. masamba lalikulu acanthus - zomera lozinga manda, kupyolera mipiringidzo kuti utakula anapanga chinachake ngati maluwa. Kallimaha chidwi kwambiri ndi motif izi. Iye, atabwerera kunyumba, sketched kenako zopezeka mitu mkuwa - mu mawonekedwe a mtanga wozungulira pakati pa masamba acanthus. Kodi ndithu nkhaniyi osadziwika, koma mfundo ndi yakuti zitsanzo choyamba kwenikweni zinali za mkuwa, koma kenako Korinto kuti chinali mu mwala.

Iye amangoona ngati njira kukongoletsa wa amaayoni Mu Greece wakale. Kuyenera anati kuti Agriki kawirikawiri ntchito pomanga mipingo ndi pambuyo zana lachisanu BC. Kuwonjezeka chitukuko izo walandira kuchokera kwa Aroma, komanso apanga mitundu angapo. Chinachake n'zosadabwitsa, Aroma, amene anawaitana anthu enanso abwino, makamaka kwa Agiriki akale, mwasankha yapamwamba kwambiri ya malamulo Greek. Mulimonsemo, ndi Doric ndi amaayoni iye chimodzi cha atatu malamulo odziwika.

Kubwereza zinthu zambiri amaayoni mizati Korinto kuti ananenera kusiyana. Mu ndime mbiya (ofanana mbiya amaayoni kalembedwe) interleaved chitoliro (mosabisa, kwambiri), pansi zisoti yaing'ono zambiri zikuthera mu pamakhala yokhota kumapeto. Awiri mizati osiyanasiyana mbiri m'munsi (ku Korinto kuti lakamba zambiri ndipo n'kakang'ono), koma makamaka zisoti yaing'ono. Capital mu mawonekedwe kuwulula calyx, umene wazunguliridwa ndi maluwa anakonza m'mizere. Pansi pa chikho chimakwirira lamba chopapatiza, ndi pamwamba pa izo kuwuka zimayambira, ndi abutting mbale mu mawonekedwe quadrangular, pakati chokongoletsedwa maluwa. Pa mbale lili entablement, amene frieze TACHIMATA mwakemu (palmettes ndi mafanizo ena), ndi kubwereza pa cornice m'mabokosi wosweka pa mbali m'munsi.

Tikumbukenso kuti n'zotheka kupeza ndi akalambula akutali monga kukongoletsa Kuvuta Mwachitsanzo, pa zomangamanga akale a ku Perisiya. Ngakhale Inde, chilengedwe acanthus masamba - chizindikiro kuti nyumba Korinto ndi chithandizo mwatsatanetsatane mizati komanso unachita chachikulu m'zipinda lalikulu, lomwe ndi kutikonda kwambiri Aperisiya. Makungwa TACHIMATA mizati chabwino yosema, pa zapansi awo chokongoletsedwa mu mawonekedwe a mbale ndi kugubuduza, ndipo zimenezi zinatha mu milimo vertically anapereka volutes kapena nakumba hafu ya ng'ombe (Unicorns).