Kodi ndi amene anatulukira "Tetris"? Woyamba "Tetris" m'mbiri ya

Mu theka lachiwiri la Mipingo zaka mazana makumi awiri, achinyamata pafupifupi m'mayiko onse twirled mu manja a Rubik a kyubu. Posachedwa m'malo chizolowezi Ndiye masewera atsopano, yomwe inkafuna kompyuta munthu.

Nthenda kutchuka "Tetris" ndipo zimayambitsa

Misa chipwirikiti kuti anatsagana zikamera wa chidole chake chatsopano, n'zovuta kufotokoza. Ndipo mafani wamng'ono, ndi ndodo imvi maphunziro ndi chilakolako chomwecho klatsat makiyi, kuyesera kulalikira kwa mlingo watsopano. Zinaoneka kuti kupambana ankadalira onse a tsogolo lawo. Izo zinachitika kuti, pambuyo ntchito zonse kosangalatsa opaleshoni injiniya kapena mapulogalamu anakhalabe "pang'ono kusewera" pa malo kompyuta nakhala pamaso pa polojekiti kuti maola.

Ngakhale makompyuta anthu wamba samakhoza kumufikitsa awo anagulidwa zofuna za mabungwe ndi nthambi. Ambiri a iwo anali makina "Robotron" GDR makhalidwe kupanga zambiri zayamba wolephera ena mafoni amakono yam'manja. Woyamba "Tetris" analengedwa kuti kompyuta amenewa. masewera linali losavuta, ndi chimene icho chiri akufotokoza za kutchuka wapadera, amene anasangalala.

mbiri

The Soviet Union perestroika anayamba akukumana ndi zokhudza zonse mavuto chinayambira kumbuyo mu zaka zao za sikisite ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri a XX atumwi. Anasonkhanitsa kutsutsana pa mkulu kuthekera pafupifupi aluntha wa luso ndi luso ogwira, ndi Choyenereza kwambiri ndi yokonza ntchito anthu osauka zinthu chuma, amene Komanso nthawi kuwonongeka. An outflow chuma ntchito mu gawo sanali zipatso za chuma ndi malonda paokha amandimvera.

Kutchuka kwa maphunziro apamwamba mofulumira kugwa. mapulogalamu World kalasi tagwira ntchito mu mabungwe ambiri kafukufuku, kuyesera kuti apulumuke malipiro umphawi, kugula mphamvu ndi kuchepekela likunena chifukwa chigumukire kufufuma. Mmodzi wa ophunzira awa anali sinadzatengedwe ndi achibale Alexey Pajitnov, amene ankagwira ntchito ku Center Computer wa USSR Academy of Sciences.

Russian chinsinsi chida

Mu USSR, izo anatulukira makina ambiri ndi njira apeza ntchito mu maiko ankatengedwa kwambiri zapamwamba za sayansi. Oyambitsa zambiri anakhalabe osadziwika, ndipo maumwini awo anagwira anthu mwamphamvu kwambiri mwalamulo woyenera, kupindula oyamba a zaluso izi. Funso la amene anatulukira "Tetris" mosiyana ndi zina zambiri zofanana, lili ndi mayankho omveka bwino. Iwo Pajitnov, nzika za USSR, monga tsoka ali ngati chizindikiro angathe aluntha dziko lathu.

Iye ngakhale mwanthabwala theka kwambiri mlandu kuzula chitetezo imapanga wa United States. Akapitawo a Pentagon, osati anatani ndi nkhani chitetezo nyukiliya, nzeru ndi njira lonse, kodi sangathenso mabwalo m'magulumagulu, kuyesera kuziika mu mizere zaukhondo ndi kuthera mbali yaikulu ya nthawi zonse. Funso kumene inatulukiridwa "Tetris" sanali, choncho amatchedwa - ". Russian chinsinsi chida"

Chifukwa anayamba "Tetris"

Kudziwa mbiri ya zikamera wa masewerawa, Ndizachidziwikire kuti chitukuko wakhala pafupifupi cholinga cha moyo wasayansi kwambiri. Izi siziri zoona ndithu. Kwenikweni Pajitnov, anayambitsa za "Tetris" si mwapadera kupanga zidole. Iye ankachita nawo nkhani yaikulu kwambiri. ntchito ya sayansi anali wolumikizana ndi chilengedwe cha kiberintellekta. Chithunzi ngati "pentominoes chithunzi" anamveketsa kusonyeza njira zosiyanasiyana zomveka khalidwe la nzeru za anthu ndi ya kulingalira.

Iwo anapanga iye ndi mabuku ena othandiza zithunzi kwa ma aligorivimu maganizo malongosoledwe. makompyuta ndiye zochepa kwambiri mphamvu zambiri wodzichepetsa kwambiri kuposa iwo tsopano, imfayo anali "Tetris" (imene manambalawo amapangidwa ndi "cubes" zinayi) ndipo "pentomino" (kumene kunali zinthu zisanu). masewera akhoza kukhala wophweka chiwembu cha thupi odana ndi ukalamba. Izo zikusonyeza kuti khama la dongosolo regenerative si nthawi zokwanira m'malo kuwonongeka akuwuka mu moyo, ndi mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito Umapeza.

"Tetris" mu West

Aliyense anatulukira "Tetris" chamtendere, Alexey Pajitnov, sizinayende analandira benefiti kwa mankhwala ake. Izi zinayamba kutheka pokhapokha pulogalamuyo mayiko patenting. The kampani ku UK "Andromeda" choyamba anasonyeza kuti akufuna tikhale maumwini ndi kulumikizana mwachindunji wolemba. Ku West masewera kale zinawukhira ndipo kumeneko anapeza mafani ake, ndipo, chotero, amalonda ambiri akufuna ndalama pa izo.

Director of "Andromeda" Bambo Stein anatsogolera Pajitnov pa TV, kumene anapereka CBS wake moyo njira, kuti aliyense adziwe amene anapanga masewera "Tetris." Mu ndondomeko kuyankhulana zinaonekeratu kuti wolemba ndi mwini wa zonse ufulu aluntha katundu sanalandirebe kwa chithunzi khobiri ake otchuka, ngakhale "Microsoft" ndi "sipekitiramu Olobayt" ali kale mu msika monga mankhwala awo.

Kutulukira ndi mphotho

The okhawo a boma Soviet malonda achilendo, ndipo mu nkhani iyi anali ndi mavuto aakulu. Guide Association "Elektronorgtehnika" Pozindikira pomaliza kuti yooneka mopusa chinthu choterocho pang'ono monga kanjedza kugwa angakhale gwero la ndalama kwambiri, nalowa pangano ndi Stein. Pankhaniyi, palibe amene anaganiza kuti kulemba pangano ndi okha Pajitnov. Kumbali ya dongosolo utsogoleri-lamulo, zilibe kanthu amene anatulukira "Tetris", chinthu chachikulu kuti kukhala nzika Soviet (iyeyu kusaletsapo), choncho phindu ayenera accrue ku makina malamulo.

Tsoka la zatsopano ndi

Ntchito Alekseya Pazhitnova zachitika bwino, osachepera mu mawu zakuthupi. Izi mapulogalamu luso ali zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zambiri kampani "Microsoft", pomwe iye ali zothekera zonse chifukwa chololera kuzindikira. Ntchito kuti amachita zinthu zambiri zovuta chithunzi anamuika wotchuka, koma kuti kuonjezera chikoka cha mankhwala mwakuchita iwo zolinga malonda amatchula kuti wolemba ndi amene anatulukira "Tetris", Alexey Pajitnov yekha.

Mu nineties ndinapita anecdote ndi za "latsopano Russian" (anali wotchuka azithunzithunzi chithunzichi ofiirira jekete ndi tcheni chagolide m'khosi mwake), amene anagula mtengo kwambiri ndi zamakono kompyuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo anaika wogulitsa ndi chikhalidwe okhwima kwambiri: "Ngati" Tetris "sizigwira ntchito, inu mundiyankhe!" Ndi zotheka kuti munthu wodziwa mapulogalamu Alekseya Pazhitnova sizidzakumbukiridwa kwa zaka zambiri yekha monga anayambitsa zidole za nemudrenoy. Sad ...