English bourgeois zisinthe

The English bourgeois zisinthe, zifukwa zomwe zinapangidwa ngakhale pansi Elizabeth 1, nkhani lagawidwa magawo anayi. Woyamba anali gawo malamulo. Pambuyo nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Komanso, kulimbana okhutira demokalase ndi wina nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Yatha bourgeois English Kukwera kwa zaka za m'ma 17 mapangidwe a Independents la Republic.

Monga tanenera kale, pakati pa yamalamulo ndi korona nkhondo wosamangidwa ngakhale pansi Elizabeth 1. Mu zaka za ulamuliro wa Charles 1 atasemphana zinachititsa kuti yanyumba yamalamulo. Pambuyo pake anayamba English bourgeois zisinthe, dzina lake mu mbiri monga "kuukira lalikulu."

Monga chida maganizo a kuwatsutsa analimbikitsa anthu zikuluzikulu achipembedzo ndi andale onse kucheza - Puritanism. Oyeretsa kayendedwe ndi osiyanasiyana maganizo ndi zovuta za zinthu zokhudza ndale. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti mkati kucheza pamwamba pa nkhondoyo anali mitsinje zitatu zikuluzikulu.

Zoyambazo monga Achipresbateria. Iwo ali nawo mu apamwamba tidakocheza ndi bourgeoisie. Iwo anafuna pokhazikitsa mafumu a malamulo a dziko lino.

Masiku wachiwiri anali Independents. Mwa iwo anali oimira ang'ono ndi pakati otchuka, pakati strata wa bourgeoisie m'tawuni. Iwo anali mu mtima wa munthu ufumu zochepa oyendetsera dziko ndi kulengeza ndi Kuzindikila ufulu kwachikhalire kwa nzika zonse.

Kumene Independents levelers anaimirira kunja, omwe anali anakhalabe alimi ndi osema. Levellers kulimbikitsa lingaliro la kufanana dziko, ulamuliro, kumenyana kukhazikitsidwa kwa Republic a.

English bourgeois zisinthe anayamba mofulumira kwambiri. Izi zinathandiza kuti mathamangitsidwe wa dziko ndi kugonjetsedwa mu 1639 mu Anglo-Scottish nkhondo.

zinali yomangika ndithu. Urban ndi m'mphawi kuukirana, kusakhutira pakati pa amalonda ndi zachuma, kupanda ndalama kuika mfumu pa zinthu zikuonetsa. Chifukwa, Carl 1 msonkhano yamalamulo yatsopano, imene inkatchedwa yaitali. Kuyambira nthawi pa English bourgeois zisinthe kwapita kwa Gawo lachiwiri malamulo.

Long yamalamulo mu njira ya ntchito yawo anatenga Triennial Act (amene anakhazikitsa convening ya Malamulo zaka zitatu zilizonse kaya chifuniro cha mfumu), ndalama kuti yamalamulo sangathe zidzasungunuka popanda chilolezo chake. Iwo anavomerezedwa ndi Grand Remonstrance, kumene kumasonyeza zofuna za anthu otchuka ndi bourgeoisie latsopano.

Choncho, mphamvu analandira Machitidwe kwambiri womangika kuŵala kwa m'mlengalenga, pamene zikulimbikitsa pokhazikitsa mafumu a malamulo a dziko lino. Ali ndi malo kawirikawiri yamalamulo Achipresbateria adawopa chitukuko cha zisinthe.

Mfumu 1642, mu chilimwe ya Malamulo analengeza nkhondo. English bourgeois zisinthe adakula mu nkhondo yoyamba boma. Chifukwa chokayikakayika mfundo prosviterian, yamalamulo wogonjetsedwa. Utsogoleri asilikali analamulira Independents.

Komabe, pofika chilimwe 1645 asilikali aphungu anali reorganized. The Civil Nkhondo (woyamba) inatha ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali yachifumu. Presbyterian yamalamulo ankaona ulimi udzatha, zinawayenera udindo anapanga ndi dongosolo la ndale mu dziko pa mfundo mafumu malamulo.

Komabe, zizolowezi zina ziwiri (Levellers ndi Independents) ndafuna kusintha kwambiri linachita. Mu 1648, iwo anabweretsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni pakati pa Presbyterian Ngwachikwanekwane ndipo yamalamulo. Chifukwa cha nkhondo woyamba adakwatira London mosandiikako ndi Long yamalamulo Presbyterian ambiri.

Pambuyo chuma wachifumu 1649, England wodzilamula. Popeza mphamvu wamkulu anali mu manja a yamalamulo unicameral.

Atsogoleri a Independents kutsogozedwa ndi Cromwell anakhazikitsa kupondereza asilikali. atsogoleri anagwirizana nawo Levellers anaponyedwa m'ndende.

The boma lopondereza anagwa atamwalira Cromwell. Dziko 1659 akhazikitseko Republic. Chifukwa cha zokhumba mu zaka 1688-89 izo unakhazikitsidwa kukondera pakati pa anthu apamwamba tidakocheza ndi bourgeoisie.