Dongosolo State ndi mtundu uliwonse

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za dziko imatengedwa kuti dera lawo ndi ndale dongosolo. Limafotokoza osati gulu m'zigawozo boma, komanso kufalitsidwa kwa mphamvu pa chilichonse pachikhalidwe osiyana, komanso chikhalidwe cha mogwirizana wina ndi mnzake.

dongosolo boma akhoza kugawidwa mu kumodzi ndi zovuta. Woyamba zikuphatikizapo federations ndi confederations, ndipo tangoganizani ndi unitary kapena osakwatira boma. dziko lino lilibe mu kapangidwe kake mabungwe osiyana, ndi maulamuliro amafalitsidwa ndi malo ena ntchitoyi. Iwo ali zina zapadera:

• Mmodzi dongosolo la malamulo.
• Akuluakulu Common kuti amati kuli malamulo, zachiweruzo ndi wamkulu. Mmodzi bungwe lolamulira kuyang'anira kuphedwa kwa ntchito zazikulu za mabungwe ofanana m'munda.
• Ngati ife kulankhula za chigawo chuma, dongosolo la ndale kumapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa ndalama dziko. Chimasonyeza mitengo onse katundu misika, kuwerengera imachitika. Onse ndalama zina akhoza umasinthanitsidwa pa dziko, mwamsanga pamene ukugwira ntchito momasuka m'gawo la khalidwe linalake.
• Cacikulu m'munsi msonkho ndi yunifolomu malamulo msonkho.

Komanso, n'zotheka kudziwa mphamvu ya boma chapakati ndi malo zipatalazo. M'dera limeneli palinso kugawanika ku mitundu:

1. Osokonezeka.
2. Decentralized.
3. Centralized.

Decentralized unitary boma dongosolo yodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa makonsolo, amene ali ndi mphamvu pamtengo ndi kusankhidwa ndi anthu a munthu mayunitsi malo. Chotero, monga mbali ya centralized sasamalira akuluakulu wodzilamulira mu munda, pali lolamulidwa ndi boma, kuikidwa mwapadera limodzi bungwe lolamulira.

Mtundu wa boma la Chitaganya cha Russia amanena za dongosolo komanso ndi chitaganya, lomwe lili mu kapangidwe kake wa maphunziro osiyana mu mawonekedwe a mayiko, zigawo, madera, zigawo ndi mizinda. Mogwirizana ndi makonzedwe Kupititsa anayambitsa dongosolo ziwiri gawo la boma limene wapamwamba pano chipangizo boma kasamalidwe, ndi mabungwe federated bungwe malamulo, zachiweruzo ndi wamkulu wawo mphamvu. The maphunziro munthu ali oyenera ndi buku palokha la malamulo oyendetsera dziko. Mofananamo, dongosolo bajeti: anasonkhanitsa revenues Republican nomination ndi osiyana ndalama nkhani kupeza zawo magwero a ndalama zolowa ndi dongosolo paokha.

Ngakhale mu ulamuliro wa Soviet Union chinaperekedwa ndi lamulo, kulola nkhani ulere mupewe boma. Komabe, ichi sichinasinthidwe akuyendera. N'chifukwa chake lero mu malamulo oyendetsera dziko ngati kuthekera si anapereka. Choncho, nkhani ya ulamuliro mtheradi ndipo alibe ufulu wochotsa ku chitaganya osazindikira.

Chotero polity, monga chitaganya, ndi mgwirizano wamba kapena mgwirizano wa mayiko angapo. Chinthu chapadera fomu iyi imatengedwa membala wa ulamuliro uliwonse dziko. Iwo ophatikizana kukwaniritsa zolinga zazikulu kwambiri njira m'munda wa zachuma, zandale kapena zankhondo thandizo. Relations pakati pa maiko awiri wotetezedwa mgwirizano umodzi kapena Ndondomeko. Amachoka mu chitaganya mungathe unilaterally. Ndiponso, mabanja otere zambiri osati kupanga maziko umodzi malamulo, osati jekeseni ndalama imodzi, msonkho ndi miyambo utumiki ndi zina zotero. Mgwirizanowu ikuchitika mwa ulamuliro umodzi, zimene zinaphatikizapo oimira mayiko onse nawo chitaganya cha.