Panda - chimbalangondo kapena raccoon?

The Panda, nsungwi kapena Chitibeta phiri chimbalangondo - maina onse mofanana bwino kudziwika ndi pafupi kutha kwa nyama. Chifukwa woyera ake wakuda ndi fluffy ndi wakuda mikwingwirima odula, mitundu ndi mosavuta maonekedwe. Black "magalasi" padziko maso, makutu yaikulu ya mtundu umodzi abwino chikhalidwe zosangalatsa kuipanikiza, luso chimodzimodzi kukhala ngati munthu, akugwedeza mwana Panda yoteroyo anapanga ankakonda ana kumalo osungira onse. Komabe, dera malo ake ndi yopapatiza kwambiri, ndipo zakutchire, nyama zimenezi kotero mobisa moyo umene asayansi osati kwathunthu kuthetsedwa makhalidwe awo. Choncho, mpaka posachedwapa, izo sizinali ngakhale momveka bwino kuti banja anali chimphona panda - ndi zimbalangondo, raccoons, kapena kupanga gulu osiyana.

Kunja, izi nyama oseketsa ali ngati chimbalangondo. wamba Chinese anali kulondola pamene iwo anamutcha chirombo Shuang bei (kutanthauza chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira). Komabe, ofufuza akukhulupirira kwa nthawi yaitali cholengedwa kukula kwa raccoon opusa, chifukwa nyama ndi lalikulu wamba mbali anatomical ndi laling'ono, limene wonse sankaoneka ngati zimenezi. Komabe, kuyerekezera zizindikiro zonse ndi kuphunzira matupi a Panda ndi asayansi amakono apabe chigamulo: chimbalangondo nsungwi - akadali kubala! Pa chiyambi cha Miocene, mwachitsanzo miliyoni 18-25. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, nthambi ya Panda chifukwa cha kusanduka anasiyanitsidwa ndi mzere waukulu wa zimbalangondo. A kufanana ofunika ndi raccoon chifukwa si magwero ofanana ndi kuteteza zizindikiro zina zofanana kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.

Kodi alipidwa ndi zimene anadyetsa Panda? Izi chirombo kawirikawiri amakhala yekha mu mapiri (1200-4000 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja), nkhalango za m'madera ochuluka mu China - Gansu, Tibet ndi Sichuan. Pezani mtembo wakale wa nyama mu mapiri a Indochina ndi Kalimantan. chimbalangondo ichi mu ndondomeko ya kusanduka pafupifupi kwathunthu kugwiritsa zamasamba: 99% ya chakudya ndi Panda zinagwera mphukira nsungwi. Malinga ndi khalidwe lakale iye kubala si mantha kudya uchi, nsomba, mizu, ndipo ngakhale mwamwano zovunda.

Koma onse Panda izi chimphona wakonda nsungwi. Iwo kotero mwamphamvu womangidwa ku nkhalango za nsungwi, kuti wakhala temberero. chakuti nsungwi chikamakula mofulumira kukula mu munda, koma patatha zaka 40-50, limamasula ndi kufa msanga kwambiri, ndipo wotsatira kukula atsopano amapezeka zaka pokhapokha 3-4. Poyamba, nyama chabe ankatembenukira ku gawo latsopano, koma tsopano, pamene nkhalango kubusa osiyana, misewu ndi malo Pamudzi, iwo watembereredwa kuti njala. Ndipotu, ngati nyama kudya wonyong'onya zakudya, amene anaphatikizana kenako okha ndi 17%, ayenera asatope. Panda wakonda kukhala moyo wongokhala, ndi maola anthu 14, pamene iye ndi maso, ayenera chinthu kutafuna pa.

Panda - kwenikweni chimbalangondo kakang'ono. kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 65 mamita ndi masentimita, kulemera - 100 makilogalamu. Akazi ndi pang'ono kakang'ono kuposa amuna. Mchira ndi akuluakulu kuposa zimbalangondo ena -. Masentimita 12 kuthengo, mitundu kawirikawiri amakhala zaka 14-20 ndi kumalo osungira, ndi chisamaliro nthawi zonse ndi chisamaliro Chowona Zanyama - kwa zaka 26. Panda zimalira, mosiyana ndi kubangula kwa mdani wake. Kuti asonyeze ubwenzi, ali bleat pang'ono ngati nkhosa; pa kukondoweza ndi phiri chirombo ndi ikulira; nyama phokoso ululu, "champing" pamene iwo ndikufuna kusonyeza kuwopsa ndi "Tweet" pa mating. Zimbalangondo whimper ndi Lira mofuula.

Panda akubala ana awiri (kawirikawiri imodzi kapena atatu). Komabe, posakhalitsa amasankha lalikulu ndi thanzi mwana ndi mayi anakana - afa. Kuteteza chiwonongeko cha kale nyama zina, asayansi kumalo osungira kutenga ng'ombe imodzi, ndiyeno tsiku lililonse kuti musinthe. Choncho, iwo amatha kunyenga mayi ake ndi ana awiri kukula yomweyo. nyama Izi zalembedwa mu mayiko Red Book, ndi China izo anatchedwa chuma mtundu wa dziko. Tsopano chikhalidwe cha moyo osaposa zikwi, munthu pazipita mpaka 1,600 panda chiphona. Lina ziweto 140 moyo kumalo osungira.