Kodi mutu wa malemba ndi mmene tanthauzo?

Kugwira ntchito ndi Text - ichi ndi chimene mukufuna kuphunzira, pang'onopang'ono wambirimbiri zinachitikira ndi luso mofulumira ndi molondola zochokera mu maganizo a ena, anauyamba pepala. Asanayambe kugwira ntchito ndi lemba, m'pofunika kudziwa mutu, amene ali mutu wa malemba, mfundo ndi kuonetsetsa kuti mikrotemy ndi membala pa maganizo.

Text: makhalidwe ndi muyezo

Mu zilankhulo adakali sunayambe tanthauzo limodzi ndi yeniyeni "mawu". Kuyesa kuthandauza apangana ndi MV Lomonosov. Chotero akatswiri a zinenero odziwika ndi akatswiri zolembalemba, ngati I. R. Galperin, M. M. Bahtin, mu ntchito yake Pofuna kuzindikira malamulo zoyambirira za lembalo. Akatswiri kukanganira za wina mbali yake. Lingaliro zophweka kwambiri ndi zotsatirazi: lemba - chiwerengero cha maganizo zokhudzana ndi mzake mwa tanthauzo la ndi ogwirizana ndi lingaliro wamba. Komanso, lemba chimatanthauza ngati structural ndi thematic okhulupirika. Makamaka kutsutsana ndi mawonekedwe a lembalo. Asayansi ena akunena kuti lemba ofunda chingakhale chiganizo limodzi. Ena kutsutsa mfundo imeneyi. Lang'anani, izo anatsindika angapo malo amene tikhoza chimatanthauza zodabwitsazi.

Zizindikiro a m'lemba

Woyamba ndi zofunika - mutu umodzi ndi lingaliro la malemba. Izi ndi zimene iwo akunena. Ganizo tingaone ndi lingaliro. Ganizo - chinachake chimene mankhwala analenga, kuti wolemba akufuna kunena. Chitsanzo chabwino atha kutumikira ngati ndakatulo kapena nthano. Mwachitsanzo, nthano Krylov "Monkey ndi magalasi." Izi nthano za mmene nyani sanathe kupeza ntchito magalasi chifukwa cha umbuli wawo. Komabe, lingaliro la malemba ndi chofunika kwambiri: nthawi zina anthu sayamikira zimene ali nazo, chifukwa iwo sitikudziwa chinachake kapena sakufuna kuti adziwe. Lingaliro la nthano nthawi ndi nthawi m'kukoma makhalidwe abwino (zomwe zalembedwa kumapeto kwa ntchito). Ndakatulo ndi prose ntchito zambiri limasonyeza ambiri kudzera imeneyo. Mwachitsanzo, akulankhula za tsogolo la ngwazi munthu, olemba zikutanthauza vuto kapena mlandu wa anthu lonse. Sizikusokonezani nkhani ndi lingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutu wa malemba angakhale moyo wa wolemba, wosewera malamulowa, ndiye lingaliro ndithu kukhala chionetsero cha makhalidwe ake abwino kapena oipa kapena akulimbikitsidwa kukhala monga iye. Ganizo wakhala anafuna kukwaniritsa.

Mukudziwa zomwe mutu lemba si kokwanira. Kumbukirani kuti chachiwiri chizindikiro lemba - zamalumikizidwe. Onse ziganizo ndi ndime zogwirizana nawatsimikizira kapena lodziwika. Choncho, kupanga ntchito zawo, musaiwale za ndondomeko ndi mfundo za nkhaniyo. lemba aliyense wapangidwa ndi oyamba, thupi ndi mapeto. Childs, mbali izi anasiyanitsidwa yokhala (ie, anakonza mu ndime osiyana). Komabe, lamulo limeneli Kodi chilamulo osati yalyaetsya.

Mbali yachitatu - zamalankhulidwe mgwirizano ndi chokwanira. lemba aliyense ayenera kutha, ngakhale ndi kagawo kakang'ono. Kale mapeto a mutu ndi lingaliro ayenera anafotokoza.

Mitundu ina ya malemba

Mu mpukutuwu, mukhoza kusankha yaikulu ndi mikrotemy (subtopics). Ndiye kodi mfundo yaikulu ya lemba? Izo ziyenera pogwirizanitsa mawu onse. Monga ulamuliro, izo imaonekera mu mutu, kapena akhoza anakonza pa chiyambi cha ntchito. Subtopics, monga ulamuliro, zizigwirizana pandime. Kodi ndime zambiri - monga microtia.

Kodi ntchito ndi malemba?

Kuti mumvetse bwino lemba, muyenera kuwerenga bwinobwino. Yesani yomweyo kudziwa zimene Nkhani yaikulu ya lemba: .. Kodi munthu, chikhalidwe, ntchito, kuphunzira kudziwa, nkhondo, chikondi, etc. Kenako sankhani mawu ndipo amajambulapo maluwa okongola kiyi. M'pamene angathe inu mumvetse maganizo a wolemba. Ngati wolemba walenga mutu, zikutanthauza kuti iye ankafuna kuti afotokoze mfundo yake ya view za ichi kapena icho chodabwitsa. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa yeniyeni zitsanzo, ogwidwa, kulankhula mwachindunji a m'nkhaniyi lemba (ngati). Onetsetsani kuti kupatukana lemba pa mikrotemy. Kupanga dongosolo ndi analipo subtopics onse.

N'chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuonetsetsa ulusi ndi mikrotemy?

Ngati inu tisanthule malemba kapena kulemba mawu pa izo, m'pofunika kuti mosamalitsa kusunga zinayendera, ndi sitima ya lingaliro la wolemba. Choncho kuti tipeze subtopics onse ndi mwaluso kuziika pamodzi mu coherent lonse. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri polemba ulaliki wothinikizidwa. Yesani ndi chidwi linaperekedwa kwa Mitsemphayi pakati pa ndime ya ulaliki yomalizidwa anali coherent komanso molondola anamanga. Anamwalira ngakhale microtia wina akhoza kwathunthu tiphonya mfundo za lembalo ndipo alibe kusonyeza zimene wolemba amafuna kunena.

Mungachite chachikulu lemba

Choncho, kodi mutu wa malemba? Izi ndi zimene wolemba limanena. Nthawi zambiri, wolemba wokhudza pa otchedwa mitu wosatha - mwachitsanzo, nkhani ya nkhondo ndi mtendere. Mfundo kuti olemba kugwiritsira ntchito, angathe kukhala osiyana: kufunika kuti am'bwezere Mama, anthu monga maziko a dziko lawo chikhalidwe, chilengedwe ndi mantha nkhondo, ndi zina zotero ..

China mutu wamba - chikondi. Kodi malingaliro akhoza anazindikira mu malemba ndi phunziro lathu? Mwachitsanzo, chikondi amadziwa palibe malire chikhalidwe, chikondi - zonse kukhumudwitsa (. Monga mwa ndakatulo M. Yu Lermontova, mwachitsanzo, "Nyakusowa"), chikondi - kuwala kumverera mu moyo, ndi zina zotero ..

Mwa anthu ambiri ntchito ndi izi: Makolo ndi ana, ubwenzi, kufunafuna cholinga cha moyo, chikhalidwe, ndime ya nthawi, mmene tikumvera, kuperekedwa, ntchito, ndi ena ambiri. mitu ali mu pulogalamu lemba-kulingalira. Koma mu nkhani Mitundu mitu kutchula: Mulimonsemo makamaka, chochitika, tsogolo la munthu.

Kumvetsa zimene ndiwo mutu wa malemba ndi zotheka pambuyo ziwembu zingapo, kudzikonda kusanthula. Woyenera kusanthula Malemba amafuna kuwerenga woganiza ndi kusanthula mumzindawo.