Patagonia - izi ndi ... Economy, nyengo ndi zinyama

Patagonia - ndi dera Hrs kumwera kwa America South, amene anagawa pakati pa maiko awiri: Chile ndi Argentina. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za nyengo, chuma, zomera, zinyama ndi malo a m'midzi wapadera ndi kwabasi.

Odabwitsa Patagonia: zithunzi ndi kufotokoza mwachidule

Ambiri anali kuwerenga mu ulendo ntchito unyamata wolemba Jules Verne. Makamaka, buku "Ana a Captain Grant", kutanthauza dziko chodabwitsa Patagonia. Izi dera lalikulu la South America steppes, overhung nsonga spiky la mapiri Andes.

Patagonia lagawidwa pakati pa maiko awiri - Chile ndi Argentina. Komanso chikhalidwe cha Chile Patagonia n'zosiyana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha mbali Argentine. Choyamba zonse zikukhudza zimachititsa chilumbachi ndi nyengo.

Chile Patagonia - ndi chipale anaphimba nsonga nsonga yapamwamba, kumalo akuya, fjords, kuthamangira mitsinje ndi mathithi ambiri. Koma Patagonia Argentina amaoneka ngati malo akakhala ndi zomera mwachilungamo ochepa chogwidwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu ndi ozizira.

Mwa njira, gawo ili la Africa South America anagunda kamera mandala wa wotchuka British TV amasonyeza Top zida (nkhani yapadera "Patagonia", 2014). nthawi iyi, Dzheyms Mey, Dzheremi Klarkson ndi Richard Hammond zawayesa magalimoto awo m'misewu pampasskih malo.

Patagonia - ichi ... Thupi malo ndi malire

Izi ndi malo okhawo padziko lapansi pa gombe kum'mawa kwa Africa, mukhoza kuona chipululu chenicheni, kunja lamba otentha. Ali Patagonia? Monga geographers kuchititsa malire ake?

Patagonia lili kum'mwera kwa America South (kum'mwera kufanana 40 mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera). dziko lonse bwino asezare ndi otanganidwa wonyong'onya mapiri, yokutidwa ndi zitsamba zaminga ochepa ndi zitsamba. Kummawa, Patagonia steeply kwa madzi ozizira ya Atlantic, ndi kumadzulo - pafupi otsetsereka a Andes mkulu.

Za komwe muyenera kugwira malire a kumpoto cha Patagonia, asayansi zambiri kukangana. geographers ambiri amakhulupirira kuti makhalidwe dera ndi Río Colorado ndi Bio-Bio. Kum'mwera kwa Patagonia Nthawi zina Udindo ndi zilumba za Tierra del Fuego.

Mbiri ndi chiyambi cha dzina la

Dziko limeneli anali woyamba kutchulidwa zipangizo za kuzungulira wa Ferdinand Magellan. Mu Patagonia mamembala ulendo anakumana "anthu modabwitsa wamtali" ndi kuwonjezeka pafupifupi 180 masentimita. Kumbukirani kuti Middle Ages kukula pafupifupi European anali mamita 1,55 yekha. Iwo Magellan dzina lake m'deralo "Patagonia" dzina uyu anadza ndikutanthauza, ndi gawo lonse.

Mpaka cha m'ma XIX, mayiko amenewa sanali a aliyense. Munkakhala mafuko a Amwenye omwe lagged utsalira mu chitukuko cha mafuko European ndi ena okhala America. Kenako anayamba kuoneka m'dziko Wales, amene anakhazikitsa ubwenzi am'deralo malonda.

Popeza cha m'ma XIX, ndi chidwi Patagonia anayamba kusonyeza Chileans. Mu 1848, iwo anakhazikitsa mzinda doko la Punta Arenas kulamulira Khwalala of Magellan. Mu 1881, utsogoleri wa mayiko awiri (Chile ndi Argentina), anaganiza kugawa malo kumene kulibe anthu ambiri a Patagonia. Zimenezi inatenga zaka pafupifupi. Pakati pa maiko awiri akhala kutsutsana zambiri za amene ayenera a ichi kapena kuti kachidutswa ka dziko. amatsutsana pafupifupi zinachititsa kuti nkhondo mu 1978. Komabe, Papa anadumphirapo, kukakamiza mayiko awiri kunena pangano la mtendere ndi ubwenzi.

Features mpumulo Patagonia

Ambiri Patagonia amatenga Patagonian yachonde - wonyong'onya, undulating ndi pafupifupi lopanda madzi mpaka kalekale. Geologically, izo wapangidwa ndi basalt ndi nyanja miyala. Precambrian chapansi akulowa pansi padziko okha kumpoto Patagonia.

Kumbali orographic Plateau maphompho wosweka ndi zigwembe pa munthu tebulo ngati yachonde (zomwe zili). Pakati pawo, nthawi zina zikusowa otaya m'mitsinje.

Kwakukulu kum'mawa gombe la Patagonia, choncho kovuta chifukwa kulowa kwa sitima zazikulu. ledges miyala m'mbali Atlantic pano nthawizina kufika mamita zana mu msinkhu. Mu kumadzulo kwa malo okwera Patagonian ndi wosiyana wa Andes beseni amene anagonjetsedwa ndi madipoziti moraine ndi nyanja ambiri amene glacial.

mbali nyengo

Patagonia nyengo youma, ngakhale kumpoto kwa. chakuti onse mvula akhoza kubwera kuno ku Pacific Ocean. Komabe, njira chinyezi kumadzulo ndi zitunda mkulu wa Andes, amene nyamulani zayamba zonse chinyezi ndi. Komano, kugombe la kum'mawa la Patagonia ili kuzizira Falkland Current, amene kumawonjezera okha dryness wa nyengo ya m'dera m'deralo. Mu chaka cha Patagonia analandira kuchokera 150 (kum'mawa) 400 (pa phazi la Andes) millimeters.

Nyengo osiyana kwambiri mu madera osiyana a Patagonia. Choncho, kumpoto kwa dera, mu Rio Negro Valley, chilimwe ndi otentha kwambiri, ndi kumwera - ozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, dera lonse la Patagonia angakhale nayo kutentha pansi digiri -30.

Motero, nyengo ya Patagonia ndi akumane kaya moyo wa anthu kapena ndi ulimi yogwira. Youma, wamphamvu awowo sankawayankha mwansangala mphepo ndi blizzards pafupipafupi m'nyengo yozizira - izi ndi zifukwa chifukwa chimene malowa kwa zaka zambiri, ndi kulibe populata.

The nyama ndi zomera derali

nyengo si ukule zomera ku Caucasus. Nkhalango mu Patagonia pafupifupi palibe. The magulu munthu zimapezeka kokha pa phazi la Andes, kumene akutsikira okwanira kuchuluka kwa mpweya. Otsala a Patagonia ndi malo theka chipululu wotanganidwa ndi udzu ochepa ndi zitsamba lolimba.

oimira zachikhalidwe za zomera Patagonian - Argentine bluegrass, nthenga udzu, fescue ndi fescue. Palinso zosiyanasiyana mapeyala prickly ndi cacti. munda South angapezeke ndere ndi lichens. Ndi apa kuti South America zone ya steppes youma zipita zone Titafika pamalo.

The zomera za Patagonia ndi osauka kwambiri. oimira Chitsanzo cha zomera - ndi guanaco, Rhea, hummingbirds, Mkango wa m'phiri, komanso zolusa mbalame condor. nyanja pafupi kukaikira mazira mphama ndi mitundu ina ya waterfowl. Pa zilumba kum'mwera kwa Patagonia, mungathe kuona anyani.

Population, chuma ndi chitukuko cha deralo

Anthu kachulukidwe avareji Patagonia ndi otsika - anthu 2 okha pa kilometre lalikulu. midzi anthu mu dera ali anaikira pamodzi ndi zigwa zochepa mtsinje.

Magwero chachikulu cha ndalama am'deralo - ndi zokopa alendo komanso ulimi. Mu Patagonia mwachangu mtundu wa nkhosa amene ubweya chogulitsidwa pano ali okwera mtengo kwambiri. M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, atsogoleri a zamalonda anagula akale munda kuswana nkhosa m'dera la Patagonia, ndi zambiri modernized awo. ulimi mu dera ali pafupifupi sunayambe chifukwa cha mavuto aakulu ndi ulimi wothirira. Chiwerengero cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Patagonia amadziwikanso zikugwira nsomba ku nyanja.

gawo m'malo yofunika ya zachuma m'deralo ndi zokopa alendo. Ndipo ndi olemera kwambiri Chile Patagonia. Mu mbali Argentine ndi National Park "Los Glaciares" analowa mu UNESCO World Heritage List. Tourism mu Patagonia osati kulenga ntchito yatsopano, komanso amathandiza chikhalidwe ndi ntchito zamanja za anthu zakwawoko - Amwenye.

Pomaliza

Patagonia - ichi ndi zachilendo ndipo kwabasi ngodya ya lathuli. Chaukali ndipo nthawi yomweyo wokongola kwambiri dera. Alendo abwera muno kudzacheza, "Fitzroy" National Park, kuona ndi maso awo a odzitukumula glacier Perito Moreno, komanso kusambira pa bwato sitima, tinaganizira ovuta okongola ndi fjords kwambiri.