Evaporation ndi condensation

M'nkhaniyi, ife adzafotokoza tanthauzo la mfundo monga "evaporation" ndi "condensation".

Vaporisation amakhala ndi kusintha kwa chinthu zamadzimadzi boma gaseous. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mu modes ziwiri: mwa otentha kapena njira evaporation.

Evaporation otchedwa vaporization ndondomeko, amene chikuchitika padziko thunthu madzi. Kenako kufotokoza zambiri mwatsatanetsatane momwe evaporation ndi condensation, i.e. njira n'zosiyana - adzabwerenso mamolekyulu mu madzi. The ndondomeko evaporation ikuchitika motere: chifukwa chakuti mamolekyulu a chinthu chilichonse m'chigawo madzi mosalekeza kusuntha mosintha, ndi kuthamanga osiyana. Pakati pawo panali ndicho kukopeka ndi zimene iwo sangakhoze kuuluka, koma ngati nkhani pamwamba kuti molekyulu ndi mkulu mphamvu kayendedwe, adzakhala kuthetsa mphamvu ya kukopa pakati mamolekyulu ndi adzachoka thunthu. The ndondomeko zidzabwerezedwa ndi tinthu ena. Kuvula outwards mamolekyulu kupanga nthunzi pamwamba madzi. Izi ndi evaporation.

Chifukwa madzi kuchokera evaporation panamveka mamolekyulu ndi wamkulu mathamangidwe, ambiri index mphamvu kayendedwe ka tinthu, amene akhalabe thunthu ndi pa kuchepa kwa. Chifukwa, kutentha kwa madzi evaporating yafupika, ndipo utakhazikika. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ife tikudziwa kuti madzi kwa nthawi yaitali kukhala mu asanduke nthunzi galasi, koma iye si utakhazikika mosalekeza mpaka amaundana. Chifukwa chiyani? Kuti cholinga cha madzi mu kutentha ndi kuzizira ndi mpweya otentha lozungulira galasi.

Mlingo evaporation zimatengera mtundu wa madzimadzi, kutentha kwake, dera padziko thunthu madzi, pa nkhope ya mankhwala madzi pamwamba pa mphepo.

Yozizira mankhwala m'chigawo madzi ndi evaporation pansi zayamba zambiri mofulumira ndondomeko evaporation. Zinthu asanduke nthunzi msanga, ntchito zomangamanga. Wozizilitsa a madzi pa evaporation amagwiritsidwanso ntchito zipangizo zimene kuyeza chinyezi.

Ndi zatsopano ophweka akhoza anatsimikiza kuti mlingo evaporation zingawonjezere ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa thunthu madzi, komanso molingana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa padziko dera ufulu.

Evaporation ndi condensation zosiyana njira. Taphunzira kuti evaporation izi, ndipo tsopano tione mmene condensation a. The madzi ukuphwera mofulumira mu kukhalapo kwa mphepo, koma n'chifukwa chiyani? Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti pa evaporation ikuchitika komanso ndondomeko zosiyana, amatchedwa "condensation". Vutolo limachitika chifukwa chakuti ena mamolekyulu ndi nthunzi, ukuyenda pa chinthu madzi mmbuyo mu izo kachiwiri. Mphepo amanyamula mamolekyulu zimauluka kuchokera kutali kwambiri, osalola kuti abwerere.

Condensation a nthunzi ya madzi akupezeka mlandu kumene si pokhudzana ndi chinthu madzi. Mtambo mapangidwe ndi ndondomeko condensation mmene nthunzi kuuka kwa mamolekyulu nthaka yagawidwa madzi yaing'ono akutsikira mu zigawo ozizira mumlengalenga. Mvula ndi mame - kumakhalanso chifukwa condensation ya nthunzi ya madzi mu chilengedwe.

Phula-utakhazikika pa evaporation, kukhala yozizira chilengedwe, iwo amayamba kugwira mayamwidwe mphamvu yake. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu odzipereka amatchedwa "zobisika kutentha evaporation."

n'zosiyana kumachitika pamene condensation: mphamvu adzamasulidwa kwa chilengedwe, potero kuwonjezeka kutentha ake chizindikiro. Pali mitundu iwiri ya condensation: filimu kukapanda kuleka. Mufilimuyi aumbike padziko wasambitsa ndi limodzi mwa maonekedwe a filimu. Pa pamwamba amene si uyu wasambitsa, ndi condensate anapanga droplet.

Evaporation ndi condensation chagwiritsidwa mu chizolowezi pa ntchito zida refrigeration.