Kodi planetarium? Planetarium mu Moscow. The Observatory wa Moscow Planetarium

Kodi inu mukudziwa chimene planetarium? Mwina inde, koma mwina si onse, kotero onetsetsani kuti kuwerenga zipangizo nkhani. Planetarium otchedwa chipangizo kuwala, amene ali wofunikila ziyerekezo kwa mafano a nyenyezi, mlengalenga, dzuwa ndi zina zakuthambo. Pa nthawi yomweyo anati kuwala, malo ndi kayendedwe njira yodutsamo. Iwo akhoza kubereka chithunzi cha kumwamba monga taonera kulikonse padziko lapansi, monga m'mbuyomu ndi tsogolo. Amenewa ndi makina mini-nthawi. chida ichi ayenera zakuthambo kufufuza, komanso ndi kwambiri ngati townsfolk wamba, amene ali ndi chidwi zinsinsi za chilengedwe. Kusiyapo mfundo zimenezi planetarium, anthu ambiri akuganiza za chipinda kwambiri ndi mzikiti hemispherical, amene anaika ndi kuthamanga mankhwala, kapena nyumba yonseyo.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Amabwerera ku dziko wakale, zipangizo poyamba phunziro la nyenyezi Nyenyezi unayamba za m'ma 6 BC. Anthu sanadziwe ndiye chomwe planetarium, koma tinayesetsa kulenga chitsanzo cha chilengedwe, ndi mungawononge malamulo ake alipo. Mwachitsanzo, analipo Socrates nzeru zapamwamba Anaksimandr anatulukira lakumwamba lapansi, kumene zithunzi za zinthu zakuthambo waikamo pamwamba pake. Kenako, chida ichi Osangopereka bwino asayansi osiyana, koma kugawana drawback wina - iwo ankaimira kumwamba, ankaona kuchokera kunja.

Iwo anayesetsa kukonza asayansi German kutsogoleredwa ndi A. Oleary, mu 1650. Iwo akufuna chitsanzo cha yaikulu Gottorp lonse, mkati limene anthu angapo anatha kusunga udindo zakuthambo. Mu kufanana anapita osachepera chitukuko mofulumira chida, amene linaŵerengera m'gulu lawo. Pomaliza, mu 1855, dziko la sayansi aphunzira chomwe planetarium. O. Miller adafotokoza ntchito pamwamba mkati mwa dera la kuwonetsera fano lake kwa zakuthambo. Kukula, kuwala ndi malo a nyenyezi ofanana ndi zimene Tingaone popanda Optics (yomwe sinali) kumwamba. filimu zinakambidwa mu mphamvu, mwachitsanzo anasonyeza diurnal apaulendo.

zenizeni panopa

Lero, zinthu zasintha. Tiri ndi mwayi ife telesikopu amphamvu, makina amene akhoza mosalekeza wailesi kujambula ya thambo pafupi yomweyo. Ndi deta awa analembedwa ndi ndiye ukufalitsidwa pa mzikiti lapansi. Izi amalenga zinthu zongoganizira wamphamvu ndi malo wapoyera. Komanso zamakono akhoza azitha kuganiza kujambula mawu a pa nyimbo ndi, komanso zotsatira wapadera. Choncho planetarium inasanduka zisudzo kwenikweni kuti kumuphunzitsa, komanso kupereka mwayi wopeza ndi ulendo zapadera.

Planetarium mu Moscow

Iwo Mpake amanyadira Russia. Ndi wamkulu mu dziko ndipo zodziwika mdziko lonse chifukwa cha kukula kwambiri. Ntchito yake wakhala wofunika kwambiri ndi asayansi. Iye amapanga chopereka kwambiri kuphunzitsa akatswiri ndi limachititsa kuti achite zosiyanasiyana maphunziro.

Planetarium mu Moscow kuliganizira osati mwa anthu yogwirizana ndi sayansi. Alendo wamba kuno nthawi zambiri chifukwa kwina inu sadzaona nyenyezi pafupi. Masiku ano, lonse mndandanda wa ntchito zokopa alendo chotchedwa maphunziro, amene adzakhala chidwi kuti akulu ndi ana omwe. Ndi ntchito Big Star Hall, suzey Urania, zokambirana "Lunarium". Komanso, pali nsanja ziwiri Observatory, ndi 4D mafilimu a kanema ndi Small Star Hall. Ndizo zokwanira kusangalala zambiri zachinsinsi m'munsi ankaona kuwala kwa nyenyezi ndi kudziŵa zinthu zatsopano zokhudza Way wathu.

Museum Urania

owonetsera zakale izi zidzakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa akulu. Ndipotu Mbiri chitukuko ya zakuthambo. Ili pansi pa denga zombo chitsanzo, ndi makoma anasonyeza makina amene kale anayatsa kumwamba yokumba malinga awa. Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuyang'ana zipangizo yoyamba imene kupanga filimu za chilengedwe oyambirira. Mukhoza kuona lonse magulu ndi mawonekedwe a Venus. Pa makoma popachika zithunzi za Moon, nebulae, magulu. Palinso thandala danga miyala, pamene inu mukhoza kuwona zinthu zosiyanasiyana meteorites.

Big Star Hall

Umenewu ndi filimu zisudzo ndi owonetsera zakale zapadera. Pakupita mkati mukuona mzikiti chachikulu (m'mimba mwake mamita 25) ndi kuchuluka kwa mipando. Pakati ndi unit yokha, kunyada weniweni wa zakuthambo m'deralo, atsopano m'badwo purojekitala. Ndiyamika inu akhoza kupanga ndege ku maiko osadziwika. Kenako, alendo anafunsa kusamutsa mpando udindo yopingasa, ndi pansi pa mzikiti wa nyenyezi ayamba azinyadira. pulogalamu imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri, choyamba anayamba nyenyezi, ndi magulu a nyenyezi yaikulu, nebulae, comets. Chachiwiri - ichi ndi ulendo yosangalatsa mu dziko wina wa mafilimu polnokupolnyh "dziko kugunda", "mabowo wakuda", "Amazing Telescope", "Ulendo kwa Stars." Image pansi mzikiti ndi lowonjezera ndi zotsatira wapadera bwino.

The Observatory wa Moscow Planetarium

Kawirikawiri ine kuno pambuyo kuyendera Grand Nyenyezi holo. Iwo adzapita pa mlingo wachiwiri wa nyumbayi ndipo amapita paki kumwamba. Iyi ndi mtundu wa zakale, amene zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ali ku malo awa: Agiriki ndi wakale zakuthambo. Pa malo mudzatha kuona Stonehenge, pansi Globes zamitundu kwambiri ndi zitsanzo zingapo pafupifupi aiwala sundial.

Kenako, njira yanu anathamangira mu umodzi wa nsanja ziwiri. Izi ndi lalikulu ndi Observatory wamng'ono wa Moscow Planetarium. Iwo ili m'malire a astroploschadki, kuphatikizapo buku la Stonehenge, mapiramidi ndi sundial. Izi yosanjikizana ozungulira nyumba. Pa nsanjika yachiwiri, mu nyumba yaikulu, ili 300 mamilimita zakutali. Ndi mwachidule pa wandiweyani chitoliro mwendo. Kuti ntchito Dome kuuweruza mu njira yoyenera. Kamangidwe amalola kuti atsegule pa mlingo uliwonse anakhumba, kotero kuti khalidwe chidwi kwambiri yabwino. Onetsetsani kuti tipite apa, ngati mwaganiza kukaona planetarium. Observatory amaika zidindo yowala.

Chipinda lomaliza - "Lunarium"

More ndendende, ndi zipinda ziwiri. Amasonyeza kuti planetarium ngati ana. Pali zida, bwino kwa ife ndi maphunziro a sayansi, iwo kuthandiza udzakhalire zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Onse mungathe kulikhudza, kupindika pachimake. Mwachitsanzo, mpweya tingathe kupopa kuchokera botololo, kulenga zingalowe ndi kuona mmene kuwuluka mpira. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito atsogoleri angapo amene amafotokoza za machitachita a zida ndi zotsatira komanso nkhani za maonekedwe a dongosolo lathu dzuwa. Pali zipangizo zimene zimasonyeza plasma kapena ulendo ayezi youma. A kukopa lalikulu ndi pulogalamu yoyeseza, amene angathe maluso a sitima pawiri ndi siteshoni danga. Mu holo m'munsi mudzapeza akadali nambala yaikulu zida chidwi.

Timaphunzira nyenyezi kunyumba

Kuti tichite zimenezi, lero pali zipangizo, ndipo amatchedwa "kunyumba planetarium." Iwo ali osiyana mu kukula mphamvu ndi katundu zinchito. Koma iwo ndi mfundo - kanema kuti akutumiza fano kwa denga la kumwamba. The zitsanzo losavuta mwachidziwikire nyale, koma ntchito zina ndi ziyerekezo fano Nyenyezi. Lachitsanzo zodula kwambiri, chiwerengero cha zithunzi akhoza kubereka. Tangoganizirani mmene zodabwitsa madzulo atagona ndi mwana wake, ndi kulingalira kuti mukupita pa ulendo, monga a Andromeda Nebula. Books ndi nthano kwa nthawi yaitali safuna, chifukwa inu mukhoza nthawi iliyonse kulemba zawo, koma malo planetarium adzakuthandizani.

Izi planetarium mu mzinda wanu

Osati aliyense ndi mwayi zokwanira kukhala mumzinda pamene pali malo zodabwitsa. Choncho, planetarium inkayenda anaimikalo. Kutulukira Izi ogwira enliven maphunziro wotopetsa ya zakuthambo, kuwapanga zooneka ndi zokongola. Ndi mzikiti kufufuma, amene n'zosavuta kukhala mu nyumba yochitiramo msonkhano. Mkati anayikidwa pa ana machila, ndi matsenga akuyamba. Padziko mkati, inu adzaona ziyerekezo kwa zinthu zakuthambo. Oonetsa mafilimu zachitika ntchito zithunzi ndi audio. Mfundo mu mawonekedwe Kufikika, ndi tepi, kusinthidwa kwa ana kwa zaka 3 mpaka 18. makalasi amenewa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi maphunziro zonse sukulu kapena kuwerenga mabuku zakuthupi. Uwu ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo monga danga ntchito kupulumuka.