City wa Leningrad pa Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

Leningrad pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo anatenga gawo la mzinda woyamba Soviet kuti anagwidwa ndi asilikali a Hitler. Mu mzinda uwu ine sindinayambe phazi tizilomboto - Leningrad zokonzeka kumenyana! Pa nkhani imeneyi, magulu anapanga asilikali anthu. asilikali athu anatenga nkhondo wosiyana - iwo analowa mu nkhondoyo ndi kupha ... Ghibli, kuti osachepera mwachidule kusiya kubwera kwa mdani. Chinthu chachikulu - ndi kugula nthawi ndi kumanga chitetezo. Pano, pa ntchito yomanga mzere womalizira pa chitetezo, ife taphata basa tsiku lililonse, pafupifupi hafu miliyoni anthu.

mapulani Hitler

Kuzinga Leningrad pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo unatenga masiku 872 ndipo ndalama miyoyo pafupifupi miliyoni. Olemba mbiri ena zaka amakayikira zinali zotheka kuthetsa nkhondo ya kutulo izi. Ndipo nthawi zambiri anatsimikizira kuti, zikuoneka, palibe. Hitler anathamangitsa ndi analakalaka kugwetsera tidbit iyi ya Baltic zombo.

Leningrad anthu anakhulupirira chigonjetso mwamsanga ndipo anakana kuti achoke mu mzindawo! mzinda ananena malamulo achisilikali. Kutsogolo akhoza anafika pa sitima. Onse ali wokonzeka kulimbana mapeto!

Leningrad pa Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

Sunny tsiku, September 8, 1941 mu mlengalenga pa Leningrad anamva mkokomo wa German "Junkers". About 6000 mabomba kugunda mzinda. Ndi ndege waponya timapepala ta ndi chipongwe lemba - ". Today ife bomba inu, ndipo mawa ukhala m'manda nokha" Choncho anayamba mayesero loyamba ... kuyezetsa magazi, omwe analibe kudziwa dziko, mayeso amene akamwalira anali mosavuta kuposa kukhala ndi moyo.

ndege inali otsika kuti iwo anali kuoneka bwino mitanda wakuda pa mapiko imvi wobiriwira. Cholinga cha zoponya mabomba German chakudya badayev malo. Moto lowopsya, shuga osungunula unaturuka m'mitsinje n'kuchiviika mu nthaka. injini moto 168 anali mtsikana kuzimitsa yosungira katundu. Kwa maola asanu zinatha nkhondo ndi moto chiphona. Iwo anatentha 40 nyumba imene pali matani 3000 ufa ndi matani 2.5 zikwi a shuga. Tsiku lotsatira kunja Kiev, kumene anatentha chakudya, anafika Leningrad. The moto pa malo a chikwiyire mantha. Maalumali mu magolosale anadzikhuthula. Mphekesera kufalitsa: "Posachedwapa njala."

Pakali pano, zopelekedwa umboni kuti chakudya yopsereza adzakhala zokwanira kwa masiku angapo. anali chifukwa cha njala yoopsa ya anatseka misewu chiyani? Azambiriyakale kukanganira za kufikira tsopano. Chinthu chimodzi ndi zomveka kuti Leningrad, komanso mudzi uliwonse lalikulu la Soviet Union, anali okonzeka ndi zimene zimatchedwa gudumu. Kamodzi azingidwa, nthawi yomweyo anataya zonse zofunika mitsempha. utsogoleri dziko sanayembekezere kuti zochitika idzagwe kotero mofulumira.

City anali! Mu September, dziko la Germany anaswa chitetezo ya. Oukira German kudula njanji ndipo posakhalitsa anafika Ladoga nyanja. anatseka misewu kutsekedwa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anayamba kuzinga lalikulu la Leningrad.

Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin anatumizidwa ku Leningrad General Georgiya Konstantinovicha Zhukova, monga mmene zinalili yovuta. The Germany anatseka mzinda ngakhale ndi bwino adaziwona aang'ono domes. Zhukov amatenga nkhokwe zonse ndi m'tali oyendetsa zombo. Kutenga asilikali zikwi 50, izo zimayambitsa counterattack. "Kuti kuima kapena kufa!" - akuuza ambiri.

Kusindikiza Leningrad Ntchito

Kodi mungatani kuti mdani kuti Leningrad? Kodi kugonjera popanda Russia Leningrad? Chitetezo cha Leningrad panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri bwino kukonzekera mawu zomangamanga. Mu njira kuti Leningrad khalidwe labwino Luzhsky kumbuyo mzere, omwe analipo 175 Km m'litali ndi makilomita 12 mwakuya. mpanda imeneyi anamanga ndi anthu a Leningrad m'mwezi woyamba pambuyo nkhondo inayamba. City wa Leningrad pankhondo poyera kuti bombardments mphepo yamkuntho. Imodzi ya chitetezo ya amayesetsa nacho anawazunza mdani. Pochita zimenezi, iwo kuthandiza odzipereka 60 zikwi magulu adziteteze - amuna ndi akazi. Kumbuyo ndi wamphamvu akukhudzidwa ndi shelling akuvutika Choncho zosakwana ayenera.

Back mu August 1941, German Army "North" chikuwonjezeka tithe wake wa zida za nkhondo, wolandira kwa gulu lankhondo "Center". Tsopano khamu German, agwidwa ndi Leningrad anali okonzeka ndi akasinja latsopano ndi zoponya mabomba madzi. Ndi mphamvu imeneyi Anazi akadali anakwanitsa kuswa motetezera Luga kunja ndi kutenga mphete kuteteza asilikali.

Njala ufa Leningrad

Mu September, mzinda anayamba kuona kusowa kwa mankhwala bwino. Malinga ndi mlingo ntchito mukhonza kuwapeza magalamu 500 ya mkate, chifukwa amadalira - 250 ga kwa antchito ndi ana anali malire a magalamu 300 mkate. Mu October, zinthu wakhala anakula. Pa msika pali makadi yabodza. Zikoti chisokonezo chakudya extradition. Malingaliro a mlembi woyamba wa Leningrad City Party Committee, Andrei Zhdanov, anaganiza kuti adzathe chakudya makadi m'mwezi wa October. Ichi chimatanthauza osati m'malo a limodzi la mapepala pepala mu zina, ndi kugwa mu mlingo wa nkhani ndi mkate.

Ntchito khadi anali zokoma moyo. Iwo amayenda ofunika kulandira chakudya. Koma ngakhale lamulo ili si nthawi zonse anawapulumutsa njala. Malinga ndi kutchulidwa kwa Administration NKVD mu dera Leningrad, nkhondo isanathe, pafupifupi mwezi kufa kwa anthu 3 zikwi. Mu October 1941, amafa anali kale anthu 6199. Kuzinga Leningrad akuyamba mofulumira amakana mkate ponseponse. Mu November 1941, amadalira, ndipo awa anali makamaka achikulire anthu ndi ana, angathe kuwerenga magalamu 125 okha mkate.

njala

Zima anabwera mu 1941, ndi lalitali kwambiri. Mu nthawi ino mu madzi kuzizira. Choncho, ndiyekhayo kutunga madzi amakhala mtsinje Neva. Komanso, mudzi wa wotopa m'matangadza onse a mafuta, zoyendera ananyamuka. Zodula kwambiri zitsulo nkhuni! Mu mzinda anazinga njala - mayesedwe zoipitsitsa zimene wadziwa Leningrad pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

magalamu 125 mkate zamkati mphero fumbi - ndi anatseka misewu chakudya. Ofa ndi njala anakhala misa. Izi zikachitika, mkate kovuta anakhala chokha kwa miyoyo. Mpaka December 1941 m'malo khadi anataya kunali kotheka kuti khadi yatsopano m'malo. Komabe, milandu kuba ndi kugwiririra. Njala Leningrad ankakonda kupita chinyengo pofuna kupeza chakudya zina. Kulengezedwa a chibwereza ndinayima. Kuyambira tsopano, imfa ya pepala ndi sitampu inki kuphedwa. Mu December njala anapha anthu pafupi 53 chikwi. Leningrad Inabuka mdima ozizira a torpor.

Anthu oposa 600,000 anafa ndi njala mu zovuta. Akufa pa msewu, kuntchito, kunyumba, pa khomo la - sanathe kukaika ... N'zosatheka kupereka mavuto a Leningrad. Koma iwo kungofuna kupulumuka, iwo ntchito. Kodi njala, anthu wotopa akhacita? Nthawi zonse kukhala chinsinsi chosadziŵika amene anali Leningrad pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo (chithunzi m'nkhani).

anatseka misewu mkate

Leningrad pamene anauza kwambiri za Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Pa anatseka misewu mkate Chinsinsi linasinthidwa kangapo. chinthu chimodzi chokha sanasiye - zili ufa. Sizinali kuposa 60%. 40 otsala% inkakhala zosafunika ndi zina. chisankho pa zina Analeredwa ndi kasamalidwe chifukwa cha kusowa ufa. Iwo adauzidwa kwa zasayansi chapakati pa "Lenhlebprome" kukhala wapadera luso kuphika mkate ndi kuwonjezapo zotheka. Pakati zosakaniza zina zambiri nakhala chinangwa, linseed mafuta mkate, ufa soya ndi kuphika mapadi.

Leningrad sanali mphwayi

City wa Leningrad panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri sindinadandaule kwa mphindi kuleka mudzipereke. Anthu anayesera recreate moyo wakale! Pomaliza, masika yafika. Pamodzi ndi chimwemwe ndi nkhawa, tikuyembekezera mliri, koma mwamwayi, izo sizinali - mzinda anauka. M'chaka cha 1942 mu anazinga utumiki mzinda sitima inayambanso. masomphenya zikuoneka mpweya mwanjira atsopano a moyo watsopano, koma sanabadwe anali ankafunila ndi chete moyo, komabe.

Zonse polimbana ndi njala! Mu mzinda muli minda, musalole palibe chidutswa chimodzi cha dziko. Goebbels ananena kuti mzinda wafa! Pakali pano, mu mzinda anazinga ndi njala - machesi mpira! Izi ali dziko anawona. Bungwe la Leningrad Front usilikali analamula chisankho kugwira mpira machesi. Iwo anapatsidwa ntchito - kupeza mu Leningrad ndi kutsogolo osewera amene akhoza kuimba mndandanda wa machesi. Ngakhale mavuto zoonekeratu, osewera akwanitsa kusonkhanitsa. City moyo mpira!

mayesero zodabwitsa sanali kuswa chifuniro cha nzika za Leningrad, si monga pali - iwo ankakhala, ankaganiza ndi ntchito. Mu anazinga Leningrad Wolemba Dmitri Shostakovich analenga wake nthetemya wotchuka 7, ndipo anali woyamba anachita mu mzinda anazinga.

Mapeto a anatseka misewu ya

mizinda ndi mayiko ambiri pa dziko mbisoweka kusanduka fumbi ndi wolakika. Mu Russia, pali zipilala - ndi invincibility a m'nkhaniyi, mmodzi wa iwo - Leningrad. Mu Leningrad panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri m'gulu akaidi okha German. Kuzinga Leningrad linathyoka! Kodi n'chiyani chinathandiza anthu kupulumuka? Aliyense Leningrad kumva mabala a dziko, monga zawo, yense monga akhoza akuyandikira chigonjetso.