Harriet Tubman - African-American abolitionist. Wambiri ya Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman African American anatsutsa dongosolo kapolo United States ndipo anali priverzhenka kusintha zinthu pakati pa chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi - m'ma makumi awiri. moyo wake wonse umalimbana legitimizing kufanana kwa anthu akuda ndi akazi.

chitsanzo iye anakopeka kulimbana ufulu wa akapolo. Chifukwa cha nkhani zoti nkhope yake posachedwapa awonekere banknotes American mu zipembedzo za madola twente, tilankhula za m'dziko lapansi. Choncho amene anali Harriet?

zaka zoyambirira

Anabadwa Araminta Ross, kudziwika kwa onse monga Harriet Tubman, mwina 1820 ku banja kapolo Dorchester County (USA). Pa usinkhu wa satini, iye analowa zinthu, chifukwa chimene iye akanakhoza kufa. Iye anali mu sitolo pamene akufunika thandizo woyang'anira akapolo. Iye amayenera kutenga nawo mbali mu kumpanda kapolo wothawa. Mtsikanayo anakana kutsatira lamulo, ndipo wotsekedwa njira mzungu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye amati awiri yolemera ake dumbbell, kumenya mutu Harriet a. Mtsikanayo mozizwitsa anapulumuka, koma lipole miyezi. Ngozi mukusautsika moyo wake.

Pa zaka twente-foro, anakwatiwa ndi munthu wakuda free, John Tubman. Pofuna kuti apeze ufulu, iye anauza mwamuna wake za chilakolako chake kuthawira kumpoto. Koma munthu sankapatsa mkazi wake, kuopseza kupereka makamu kuti kuthawa kuyesa. Ndiye Harriet anaganiza kuchita zofuna zawo, popanda chidziwitso cha mwamuna wake. Titathawa kuti Maryland, iye limodzi ndi abolitionists. ndicho gulu limeneli ndi chiyani?

Lingaliro la abolitionism

Tamasulira kuchokera ku mawu Latin amatanthauza "Kulipira". gululi, amene anamenyera chiyembekezo chakuti ukapolo. Mwa kubadwa kwa Harriet Tubman izo anawaletsa zoitanitsa mu United States ndi Britain a akapolo mu Africa. Mu 1833, ukapolo inaletsedwa ku Britain. Komabe, mu US, zinthu wofanana.

Munthu woyamba abolitionists woyera-khungu mu United States akuti ndi Dzhon Braun. Tsogolo la munthu ameneyu sanali zosavuta: bizinesi chake linapangidwa, ilo imfa ya mkazi wake woyamba ndipo angapo ana ake ku ukwati wake woyamba ndi wachiwiri, atachuluka mangawa, kamodzi ngakhale anakhala kumbuyo mu ndende. Koma Yohane sakanakhoza kuganiza za china chirichonse kulimbana kwa Kumasuka akapolo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ntchito yake ndi ana anagwirizana. njira zake za kulimbana anali aukali. Chifukwa cha zochitika mu zeze Bwato, iye anapereka ku bwalo la milandu ndipo kuti aphedwe mwa kupachikidwa.

Mtsikana anakhala gawo la gulu la Kumasuka a akapolo mu United States. Iye anasungabe ubale wake ndi John Brown.

Nawo gululi abolitionist

Harriet Tubman anakhala gawo la gululo kuyambira 1849, atangotha athawe. Anapulumutsa akapolo, wothawa anthu ferrying wa mayiko a kum'mwera kwa kumpoto, komanso mu Canada. A bungwe lapadera analengedwera kwa cholinga ichi chotchedwa "Mobisa Kwanjanji."

Chifukwa cha Harriet Tubman anamasulidwa akapolo mazana ndi zikwi za anthu amene anathawa awo, anauzira chitsanzo chake.

Tamarayo ankanena (malinga ndi wolemba mbiri Sara Bradford), kuti iye Uko kunali kusankha pakati pa ufulu ndi imfa. Iye anaona moyo wake pomenyera ufulu.

Nawo Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

Ine sindikufuna kukhala pambali Harriet Tubman (ndi African-American abolitionist) pa zochitika za 1861-1865. The Civil nkhondo inali yamagazi kwambiri mu mbiriyakale US. dziko analigaŵa m'magulu awiri otsutsa. Mmodzi wa iwo anali North ongokhala nerabovladelcheskih limati maziko a zachuma amene anali mafakitale. Chachiwiri chinali South, imene inali limati kapolo wa madera a kummwera ndi kumpoto kwa United States, amene chuma ndi agrarian chuma anali atagwira ntchito za akapolo.

Iye anamenya nawo asilikali a North ngati namwino kukazonda. The detachment ku nawo ake mu 1863 anatha kumasula ena 750 akapolo. zotsatira limodzi la nkhondo lamulo la ukapolo mu United States. Komabe, idzathetsedwe funso mochita ufulu wofanana anthu akuda.

Nkhondo itatha anapitiriza kuyenda kusintha miyoyo ya anthu akuda, komanso ufulu wa amayi. Harriet anafa 3/10/1913 pa Auburn (New York).

The filimu ndi za moyo wa abolitionist American African

Wambiri Harriet Tubman zimadzakhala maziko filimu, amene ali ndi udindo machitidwe a "Harriet". Screenwriter Gregory Allen Howard anapanga ndatambasula phunziro la tsankho mu chirengedwe china chake - ". Kumbukirani Titans"

Ngakhale kuti script ndi wokonzeka, kujambula adzayamba mu 2017. Iwo amaganiza kuti adzakhala motsogoleredwa ndi Seti Mann. Iye amadziwika chifukwa cha ntchito zake monga "The Waya" zino ndi "The Kuyenda Akufa."

The fano bilu dollar

Ngati inu mukudziwa mbiri ya abolitionist wotchuka mu United States, n'zosadabwitsa kuti latsopano bilu twente-dollar angathe kuperekedwa chithunzi Harriet Tubman. Ndalama adzalandira nkhope latsopano mwina mu 2020, a centenary kuchokera tsiku mochita othandiza azimayi.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pa banknote zimangokhala a madola twente anafalitsa akazi. Mu 1863, kunali Lady Liberty ndi chishango ndi lupanga m'manja, mu 1865 - Pocahontas, amene amadziwika ngati kalonga Indian.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti kuyambira 1928 mpaka pano bilu anali anasonyeza kuti pulezidenti chiwiri - Endryu Dzhekson. Panthawiyo, iye adazichita zochuluka yaikulu, chinkhoswe malonda a akapolo.

Malinga ndi malipoti ena, Tubman ndi Jackson adzagawana bilu awiri. m'dera amenewa adzayang'ana zotenga kwambiri, kulingalira maganizo a onse ukapolo.