Chiesperanto - ndichiyani? The chinenero mayiko Chiesperanto

Mwina aliyense kamodzi anamva Chiesperanto - chinenero chilengedwe lakonzedwa kukhala padziko lonse. Ndipo ngakhale dziko likadali anthu ambiri amalankhula Chinese, ichi chidali chifuniro Polish madokotala ndi mbiri zawo ndi ziyembekezo. Kodi Chiesperanto chachitika, chimene ndi luso ili mu zilankhulo amene ntchito - kuwerenga, ndipo ife iyankha mafunso onsewa.

Chiyembekezo cha kumvana

Mwina, kuyambira kumanga Nsanja ya Babele anthu akukumana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kupanda kumvetsa mawu a anthu ena.

Chiesperanto udaikidwa kuti magawowa mgwirizano pakati pa anthu a maiko ndi zikhalidwe zosiyana. Choyamba lofalitsidwa mu 1887 ndi Dr. Lyudvikom Lazarem Zamenhof (1859-1917 gg.). Anagwiritsa ntchito pseudonym "Dr Chiesperanto" kutanthauza "amene chiyembekeza". Ndipo panali dzina la chilengedwe chake, imene mosamala anayamba zaka. The chinenero mayiko Chiesperanto ndi ntchito monga ndale pa kukambirana pakati pa anthu amene sakudziwa chilankhulo wina ndi mzake.

Ngakhale ali mbendera yake. Izo zikuwoneka ngati izi:

chilankhulo yokumba Chiesperanto ndi zosavuta kuphunzira kuposa a chinenero mwachizolowezi dziko chomwe chinasintha mwachibadwa. kamangidwe kake ndi streamlined komanso osapita m'mbali.

mawu

Si kukokomeza kunena za Chiesperanto, ndi munthu hodgepodge zilankhulo zazikulu European. Dr. Zamenhof anatenga monga maziko mawu enieni mu chilengedwe chake. Pafupifupi 75% ya mawu amachokera Latin ndi zinenero Romance (makamaka French), 20% ali German (German ndipo English), ndi mawu ena anatengedwa kuchokera ku zinenero Asilavo (Russian ndi Polish) ndi Greek (makamaka mawu sayansi). Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mawu wamba. Choncho, anthu olankhula Chirasha, ngakhale popanda maphunziro tingawerenge za 40% ya malemba a Chiesperanto.

Language chibadidwe phonetic kulemba, T. E., mawu alionse limachulidwa ndendende mmene walembedwa. No makalata unpronounceable kapena kuchotserapo, amene kwambiri facilitates phunziro ake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kodi anthu ambiri amalankhula Chiesperanto?

Ili ndi funso sizachilendo, koma zoona palibe amene angadziwe yankho lenileni. Njira yokhayo molondola kudziwa chiwerengero cha anthu amene amalankhula Chiesperanto - izo provedesti kalembera padziko lapansi, chomwe, ndithudi, kovuta.

Komabe, Pulofesa Sidney Culbert ya University of Washington (Seattle, USA) phunzirolo wopambana kwambiri pa ntchito chinenero. Ankachititsa kuyankhulana ndi okamba Chiesperanto mu m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse. Pamaziko a phunziroli, Professor Culbert anapeza kuti ntchito ndi anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri. Izi amaiika ndime zinenero monga Chilituyaniya ndi Chiheberi.

Nthawi zina chiwerengero cha okamba Chiesperanto kukokomeza kapena, Tikawonetsetsa kuchepetsa, kanjedza osiyanasiyana kuchokera 100,000 miliyoni 8.

Popularity ku Russia

Chiesperanto ali mafani ambiri odzipereka. Kodi mukudziwa kuti ku Russia pali msewu mu Chiesperanto? Kazan anakhala mzinda woyamba unali ndi Russian Ufumu, komwe gululi anadzipereka kuphunzira ndi kufalitsa chinenero anatulukira. Idamangidwa ndi angapo zigawenga-aluntha amene ankasangalala ndi lingaliro la Dr. Zamenhof ndipo anayamba amalimbikitsa. Kenako aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira a ku Yunivesite ya Kazan anatsegula kalabu kakang'ono mu 1906, omwe sakanakhoza yaitali kupulumuka mu zaka chipwirikiti m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri. Koma gululi inayambanso pambuyo Civil nkhondo, panali nyuzipepala za Chiesperanto. Language ochuluka otchuka monga mfundo zogwirizana wa Party Communist akuyitanira kugwirizana kwa anthu osiyana mu dzina kusintha dziko. Choncho, mu 1930, mu msewu pa amene anali Chiesperanto kalabu, analandira dzina latsopano - Chiesperanto. Komabe, mu 1947 izo kachiwiri anadzatchedwa polemekeza wandale. Pa nthawi okhudzidwa chomwecho mu kuphunzira chinenero chakhala koopsa, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo kutchuka chake waponya kwambiri. Esperantists koma sanafooke ndi mu 1988 msewu Dzina poyamba.

Zonse mu zonse, mu Russia pali pafupifupi 1,000 okamba. Pa dzanja limodzi, ndi pang'ono, koma Komano, ngati tikambirana chinenero kuti amaphunzira okonda okha zibonga, si chotero wamng'onoyo.

makalata

zilembo zachokera Latin. Lili 28 makalata. Popeza aliyense wa iwo limafanana ndi phokoso, ndiye nawonso, 28, ndicho, 21 consonant 5 mavawelo ndi semivowels 2.

M'makalata Chiesperanto bwino kuti ife ku Latin, nthawi zina kubwera awiriawiri ndi olembedwa ndi "nyumba" (ndi Imatithandiza cheke chizindikiro kuchokera pamwamba). Choncho Dr. Zamenhof anayambitsa phokoso latsopano kuti zinali zofunika kwa chilankhulo chake.

Galamala ndi kumanga pempholo

Apanso, anavomereza mfundo yaikulu ya Chiesperanto - yosavuta kumva. chilankhulo alibe kubadwa, ndi kuti mawu m'chiganizo ndi umasinthasintha. Pali milandu iwiri yokha, katatu, ndi atatu lokhala wosasangalala wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau. Pali dongosolo kwambiri prefixes ndi suffixes, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulenga mawu ambiri atsopano ku muzu limodzi.

The kusintha kuti mawu akulola oimira osiyana mabanja chinenero ntchito ndondomeko zimene ali bwino, koma nthawi yomweyo akulankhula pa kwathunthu kumvetsa komanso grammatically zolondola Chiesperanto.

ntchito.

zinthu zatsopano sati adakana, koma ndi zimene timapeza mukhoza kupeza kuphunzira Chiesperanto:

• Izi ndi malo abwino chinenero chachiwiri chimene tingaphunzire mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta.
• Mogwirizana ndi Anthu ambiri ochokera m'mayiko ena.
• Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuona dziko. Pali mndandanda wa okamba Chiesperanto, free wokonzeka mwamantha okamba zina kunyumba kwanu kapena nyumba.
• kumvetsa International. Chiesperanto amathandiza kuphwanya chilankhulo pakati pa mayiko.
• ndi mwayi wokumana ndi anthu ochokera m'mayiko ena kuti misonkhano, kapena pamene okamba Chiesperanto alendo akudza kudzaona inu. Ndi njira yabwino kukumana chidwi anzake.

• Mayiko chilungamo. Ngati mumamwa chinenero national munthu ayenera kuyesetsa kuphunzira chinenero sankadziwa ndekha, ndipo munthu amagwiritsa ntchito nzeru chibadwire. Chiesperanto - sitepe kwa mzake, chifukwa amuna onse Musiyeni kuphunzira ndi kupanga kulankhulana zotheka.
• Mabaibulo a katswiri mabuku. Ntchito zambiri amasuliridwa Chiesperanto, ena mwa iwo sangakhale alipo mu chinenero Esperantist.

zolakwa

Kwa zaka zoposa 100, ambiri chinenero yokumba anatuluka monga mafani ndi otsutsa. Iwo amalankhula za Chiesperanto, ndi wina chidina choseketsa kwa nyengo zamunthawi ya Victoria, mofanana phrenology ndi zamizimu. Kwa linakhalapo, izo sanakhale chinenero dziko. Komanso, anthu sikuti kusonyeza changu kwambiri lingaliro.

Otsutsa amanenanso za Chiesperanto, si kophweka, koma n'chovuta kuphunzira. galamala ake ali ndi malamulo ambirimbiri a mumtima, ndi kulemba makalata n'zovuta pa kiyibodi ano. Oimira mayiko osiyana mowirikiza kuyesera kuti kusinthidwa yake kusintha izo. Zimenezi zimabweretsa mikangano ndi kusiyana zipangizo zophunzitsira. Chikukaikiridwanso euphony ake.

Koma mafani chinenero amanena kuti dziko lonse amalankhula chilankhulo chimodzi, zaka 100 - ndi zocheperatu, ndipo anapatsidwa nambala panopa kuchigwiritsa, Chiesperanto ali tsogolo lake.