Artyom (Sergeyev Fedor Andreevich) - Russian chosintha: yonena

Tsoka wakonzera munthu ichi kuchuluka yaikulu ya kuyesedwa kuti adzakhala zokwanira ena. An Bolshevik odzipereka, atsogoleri mwamakhalidwe azilandira chosintha ogwira - Artem Sergeev zikhulupiriro zake zandale mobwerezabwereza anapita kwa "mfumu" m'ndende. Koma gendarmes nthawi zambiri sakwanitsa kupita mdani yotsatira tsarism: mwamphamvu mizu ndi udindo wa "chisawawa". Ngakhale ulendo, wochirikiza wa Lenin kukhala wochitachita mu nkhondo yolimbana masuku pamutu, despotism ndi wankhanza, limene, mogwirizana ndi malingaliro a chikominisi, iwo anapatsa dongosolo bourgeois. Kodi kwenikweni chiyani kayendedwe chosintha Artem Sergeev, mmene moyo wake linatha? Tiyankhe mafunso amenewa mwatsatanetsatane.

zokhudza mbiri

Fedor Andreevich Sergeev - anabadwa ndi. Glebovo (Milenkovskaya m'dera Fatezhsky County), mwachirengedwe ili m'chigawo cha Kursk. Iye anabadwa pa March 19, 1883, ku banja la Private womanga-womanga. Akafike zaka 9 akale mwanayo anayamba kuphunzira ndizosowa sukulu ya sayansi pa sukulu weniweni. Iye anatenga chidziwitso ngati siponji, choncho anakwanitsa zinthu, ndi nthawi yake yopuma, wakonda kukhala mu malo onse. Makamaka, kunachitika tsogolo ankakonda kucheza nthawi yawo yonse yopuma mwa antchito, amene ankagwira ntchito pa imodzi mwa mafakitale ndi njerwa.

Ngakhale zili choncho, Artem Sergeev ndinadabwa chifukwa omanga kuphulika ng'anjo ndi ogwira nyengo, ntchito pafupifupi usana ndi usiku ngati akapolo. Ndipo mnyamata ankadziwa zokhudza chiyambi cha lochitira chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi "Kumanzere" maganizo. Kulankhulana ndi Democrats Social makamaka anatsimikiza ndi zikhulupiriro za ndale. Patapita nthawi, ndi womenya tsogolo chilungamo chidzayamba ndi kulimbana yogwira ndi boma tsarist, mwakufuna ufulu wa onse. Koma asanafike akulowa matauni Imperial zaumisiri School (tsopano MSTU. Bauman) ndi mawotchi Dipatimenti.

Amangidwe loyamba

Nditaphunzira kwa kanthawi, mnyamatayo chibatizidwireni wa RSDLP (b). chipani chake akukonzekeretsa wophunzira chionetsero maulamuliro. Kumene, Artem Sergeev amatenga gawo mwachindunji mu izo. Mwachibadwa, zinthu ngati zimenezi zikhoza padera. Mnyamata anachotsedwa yunivesite Komanso kuperekezedwa m'nyumba apolisi Yauza. Russian Themis sanali yabwino kuti opandukawo: asanu a mwa iwo adapita ku ndende, ndipo ena anatsimikiza "m'ndende." Mamembala zatchulidwazi wa RSDLP (b), Artem, ku ndende ya Voronezh.

galimoto kunja

Nditakhala nthawi yake, kunachitika wamng'ono, anaganiza kupitiriza maphunziro awo konsekonse, monga kukhala wophunzira kudziko lakwawo, anali atayamba kale zoletsedwa. Mu 1902, Fedor Andreevich Sergeev anatumiza ku likulu French, pamene iye analowa Russian School of Sciences Social Kovalevsky Apamwamba. Likufanana ndi ichi, amaphunzira ndi ri Leninist chiphunzitso cha mkhalidwe wa kusintha, ndi kukhulupirira mwa chikonzero chake.

homecoming

Ataphunzira kunja Artem Sergeev, amene yonena lili zosiyanasiyana komanso zochititsa chidwi kubwerera ku Russia. M'chaka cha 1903, mnyamata pa dera la Donbass deploys ndi ntchito yogwira chosintha. Mu umodzi wa midzi Ekaterinoslav chigawo, iye bungwe selo yaikulu ya Democratic Social Party zofunika dera, omwe adzalowe mu dongosolo la anthu mazana anayi. Posakhalitsa chosintha Russian, pamodzi ndi mwana wawo kutenga nawo mbali mu May Tsiku amenye. A nthawi yochepa Sergeev kuyamba mwachangu misonkhano yokopa Soviet ogwira ntchito mphamvu njanji, Anthuwa pa Berestovo-Bogodukhov wanga, wapafupi Yuzovka. Ndi chilengedwe ichi chikhalidwe iwo anamupatsa iye dzina - Comrade Artem.

kupanduka chosintha ku Kharkov

Kumayambiriro 1905 achinyamata Leninist anatumizidwa ku Kharkov. Apa Analenga dongosolo chosintha amatchedwa "Kenako." Mu mzinda uwu, mosamalitsa zipolowe mfuti. Ndipo patatha miyezi yochepa, pafupifupi namtenga. Izo zinakonzedwa kuti chochitika adzayamba pa fakitale "Helfer Sad" December 12, 1905. Komabe, kupanduka kudziwa pasadakhale gendarmerie. Motero, pafupifupi 30 atsogoleri chiwembucho anatimanga, ndi gawo lonse la ogwira wakhala atazunguliridwa ndi apolisi.

amangidwe yachiwiri

Patapita kugalukira analephera, Comrade Artem woyamba amapita kwa Petro, ndi kwa Urals. Posakhalitsa amakhala nthumwi IV Party Congress, unachitikira ku likulu Swedish. Iye kenako anasankhidwa kuti chipani ntchito mu Komiti RSDLP Permian (b). Artem Sergeev kachiwiri igwera mu ukapolo wa "Tsarist apolisi" imene upryachet iye mu ndende. Kumapeto kwa 1909, kunachitika kudziwa kugwirizana kum'mawa Siberia (Irkutsk Province), iye adzamtumikira moyo.

kachiwiri kudziko lina

Posakhalitsa anapulumuka m'ndende. Choyamba, zidzakhalanso Japan, ndiye Korea, ndiye China ndi potsiriza mu Australia. Kutali ndi kwawo ndipo ukapolo ankayenera kugwira ntchito monga Komatsu, ndi wantchito. Koma kunja, iye anapitiriza ntchito zake chosintha. Amadziwika kuti Sergeev anakhala mtsogoleri wa Union antchito Russian emigrant. Anakhazikitsa ndi kukonzedwanso ndi kusindikizidwa "sakusiyana Australia", motero wozengereza mabodza a malingaliro chikominisi.

kachiwiri, Russia

Pambuyo zochitika za February 1917 Fyodor anabwerera kwawo. Patapita nthawi, iye anali atayima "pa helm" wa Bolshevik Komiti ya Bungwe la Kharkiv. Pa phwando lotsatira msonkhano Sergeeva osankhidwa m'Komiti ya Central. Mu October iye azitenga nawo mbali pa chiwonongeko cha boma lakale. Pambuyo chosintha ndi amayamba ntchito kukhazikitsidwa kwa boma latsopanolo mu Ukraine. Iye anavomereza m'nyengo ya mtendere Brest. Pambuyo Civil nkhondo, kuti akha- kuti wabwezeretsedwa Donbass migodi.

Mwamphamvu kuchirikiza mzere wa Lenin, Comrade Artem mu 20s oyambirira anayamba kutsutsa mfundo Lva Trotskogo ndi ntchito ya kuwatsutsa. Kenako anakhala mutu wa Komiti chapakati cha Union Onse-Russian wa Mineworkers. Sergeyev anamwalira kuyezetsa zinachitikadi aerovagona amene mosadziwika msewu. Fedor Andreevich Sergeev anamuika m'manda misa ku Red Square.

moyo

Chosintha anakwatira Elizabeth Lvovna. Atamwalira iye anatsala yekha ndi mwana wake, amene ndinangowasiya miyezi inayi. Kenako, adzakhala wopita ku Nalchik TB chipatala chaching'ono, amene ali brainchild ake. Anapatsidwanso chikhulupiriro nsanamira kwambiri udindo mu dziko: wapampando Oblzdrav mutu fakitale nsalu, ndipo mutu wa chithandizo cha mankhwala a m'zipatala. Mwana wa Fyodor Andreyevich - Artem - patapita kanthawi sudzapatsidwa kusamalira banja la Joseph Stalin. Iye analimbikitsa kuti ambiri, adzakhala nawo ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, mphamvu zonse zothandiza kuti zigawenga kuyenda.