Aldan Mtsinje, Yakutia: malongosoledwe, makhalidwe ndi malo

Mu madera ambiri a m'gawo la Yakutia, nduna monga kumpoto kwa Khabarovsk Gawo, akuthamanga mmodzi wa makhwawa waukulu wa Lena Mtsinje - mtsinje Aldan. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, kuchokera ku Baibulo Tunguska Dzinali limatanthauza "nsomba" pa zina - ndi mawu Evenk ndi anamasuliridwa kuti "mbali", ndiye lateral inflow.

madera

Chiyambi cha mtsinje amatenga kumbali yakumpoto amakhala lokwera. Ndi pafupi ndi malire a Yakutia ndi dera Amur. Loyenda mwa Aldan yachonde mu yopapatiza miyala njira, ndipamene ambiri sills ndi pamakomo. Mfundo kumene makhwawa ikuyenda mu Aldan Timpton ndi Uchur, mtsinje akuswa m'chigwa, kenako umayenda pamodzi m'chigwa intermountain. Malire m'munsi mwa Aldan Mtsinje linagawanika mu nthambi angapo, kupanga njira yaitali ndi zilumba zambiri. Mu malo catchment ali ambiri nyanja (oposa 50,000), yaikulu chimene ankaona Toko kwambiri.

Kuti mbali ya m'dera la dziko lathu, pamalo amene mtsinje Aldan, ali m'malo aakulu nyengo. Mu October amatunga okutidwa ndi ayezi. Yotero ndi Aldan - ayezi pa mtsinje miyezi osachepera asanu ndi awiri, ndi amaundana-mmwamba kumayambira May.

Kutalika kwa m'litali lonse la mtsinje ndi makilomita 2273. Ndi kukweza kwa paulimi ndi umodzi wa mitsinje yaikulu mu Russia. Pakuti Lena Mtsinje pafupifupi gawo limodzi. Area Aldan Mtsinje ndi za 730 zikwi makilomita lalikulu.

hydrology

nthawi chigumula chimakhala cha May kuti July. Panthawi imeneyi, madzi limatuluka kuti mamita 10, mowa wake ndi kwa kiyubiki mamita 48 chikwi. m / s. Kusefukira akadali zimachitika nthawi kuchokera August kwa September. mowa Zima kakang'ono - zosaposa 4% pa annum. Mtsinjewo makamaka mvula ndi chipale chofewa. Mipweya ya bicarbonate madzi calcium, pamaso m'menemo ya mchere si kuposa 0,3 g / L.

Makhwawa a mtsinje Aldan

Kuwoloka mtsinje pali kutalika 275 makhwawa yaikuluikulu, amene okwana kutalika ndi makilomita 10. Yaikulu ndi Uchur chake madzi kutuluka m'kamwa ndi 1350 kiyubiki mamita. m / s. Ndi tributary lamanja la Aldan 812 Km yaitali. Kumasulira kwa Evenk Uchur amatanthauza "kamvuluvulu", "njoka yam'madzi". Pafupifupi anthu onse a njira yake mtsinje pafupifupi cholizira ndi mapiri, choncho kwambiri tortuous njira.

May chikudziwika ngati mtsinje wina waukulu ku Yakutia - ndi tributary wa Aldan Mtsinje okulira ndi mamita lalikulu kuposa 170. m. Malinga ndi kutalika kwa allocated mwa Amga onse, amene amayendetsa pafupifupi kufanana kwa malire chapamwamba za Aldan pa. pansi zake yatcheredwa ndi timiyala, ndi mbali chapamwamba mukhoza kuona mathithi okongola ndi maphompho ya mwala, omwe ndi wokongola kwambiri alendo ndi amene amasangalala ndi zochitika panja.

Pakati pa makhwawa ena, amene kudya mtsinje Aldan, wodziwika Timpton, tori olimba, tumar, Bario, Tompo.

Flora

Beseni ndi mu nayonso. Chivundikiro nthaka zimasiyanasiyana. iwo ali kusiyana kwambiri pa mbali lamanja ndi lamanzere la dziwe. Choncho, kumanja m'mbali mwa okulira pa chimakhala chogwidwa ndi migodi Goltseva ndi Madzi oundana podzolic dothi pamwamba pa lokwera lapansi. Pa masitepe pamwamba floodplain ndi ambiri zofala Madzi oundana nayonso dothi.

Mu malo amenewo, limene mtsinje umayenda Aldan, zomera chivundikiro ali kusiyana poyerekeza ndi zina za ku Central Yakut kumveka. M'malo mwake, dambo, steppe ndi chithaphwi mitunda, chogwidwa ndi nkhalango coniferous ndi deciduous. mitundu Tree - paini, spruce, birch, larch ndi mkungudza nthumwi. Spruce umalamulira okha mbali ya kum'mwera ya beseni ndi. nkhalango Pine zatenga malo ang'onoang'ono mumbali nsonga za zitunda. Komanso ambiri kawirikawiri ndi pangozi zomera kukula mu Aldan Mtsinje beseni.

Mu August - September, anthu a m'deralo adzasonkhanitsa bowa wabwino yokolola m'deralo. Iwo chogwidwa ndi bowa, russula, Aspen.

zomera

Achule awa akuimira makamaka Siberia chule ndi buluzi. Mbalame m'madera amenewa wonyika, wakuda Crane, wakuda Mallard. Komanso spruce grouse, mbalamezi, Jay, buluu imvi thrush - mbalame pafupifupi sanapezeke m'madera ena a Yakutia.

Mu beseni kum'mwera amakhala chilombo mphalapala, musk nswala, voles, pika. The elfin mkungudza mkulu chiwerengero zimbalangondo bulauni, ndi kumene mtsinje akutenga malo phiri musati amaundana m'nyengo yozizira, ndi sizachilendo otter.

Ndithu lalikulu zosiyanasiyana nsomba anatchuka chifukwa mtsinje ake Aldan. Yakutia popanda chifukwa ndi m'mphepete otchuka ku anglers. The mtsinje wolemera kwambiri mu nsomba - nsomba, mumapezeka nsomba, Grayling, Siberia roach, Pike, Nsombazi.

ntchito.

Pa gawo la beseni pali madipoziti lalikulu la mchere monga malasha, golide, Mica. Aldan - ndi waterway chofunika kwambiri, zimene amatipatsa katundu wa malonda a makampani migodi, komanso kwambiri kuti katundu osiyanasiyana kwa anthu a m'madera ndi mabizinezi m'mphepete mwa mtsinjewo. Doko chachikulu - midzi izo Khandyga, Ayenela-Maya, ndi mzinda Eldikan Tommot. Pa 1600 Km wa yodutsira Aldan.

Kamodzi mayiko amenewa wotanganidwa misasa yozunzira Dalstroi. Lero, kwambiri nsomba ndi zokopa zachilengedwe, zomwe ndi wotchuka kwa mtsinje Aldan, zikope tcheru cha alendo ndi asodzi. M'mphepete atamukoka unspoilt modabwitsa kukongola ndi ulemerero. Lakes ndi m'zigwa, mitsinje zakugwa ovuta a, magombe miyala ya mtsinje waukulu mupezamo tione.

nkhani

Anapeza kuti oyamba phazi pa dziko lino 40 Zakachikwi BC. Anthu adatoma kala pano ndi kusaka njati, mammoths, okhala pa nthawi ya mtsinje beseni. Ndiye iwo mbisoweka zifukwa zosadziwika, ndipo patapita zaka 30,000 mbali izi anadza anthu wina amene ankasakidwa mphalapala ndi ose. Panopa pa a mtsinjewo Aldan anapeza za malo mazana a Mkuwa ndi Iron Ages.

ndizi

Mukhozanso milatho mu gawo yopapatiza cha mtsinje ndi mitengo yazokonza pansi. M'madzi osaya Nthawi zambiri munthu amatha ku banki wina ndi mzake ikuchitika kuyenda. Zima ndizi limapezeka pa ayezi, ndi boti chilimwe. Komanso, ndandanda okhwima analibe. The boti ukugwira lokha pa maola masana ndi pa katundu zonse. Mu offseason, ndi kuwoloka si konse. Today itha pomanga mlatho watsopano pa khwalala la feduro kuwoloka mtsinje Aldan, m'litali okwana mamita 970.