Zaporizhzhya Sich - ndi Republic Cossack

Zaporizhzhya Sich - khungu zokhalamo nereestrovogo mphamvu Zaporozhye (pansi) mu theka lachiwiri la XVI kwa cha m'ma XVIII. Inali kuseri kwa mathithi a Dnieper pachilumba cha Khortytsya. chilengedwe chake chinali kutsogolera kwa kuphatikiza wa Cossacks Chiyukireniya. Zaporizhzhya Sich kwambiri mapangidwe chizindikiro cha Cossacks ndi mfundo dongosolo gulu lawo. Sungani zambiri pa Sechah asanu kuti zonse alternated. Timayesetsa kumvetsa zimene chikoka kwambiri pa kalekale anali Zaporizhzhya Sich, chimene chiri ndi cholinga zimene analenga.

chipangizo

Zaporizhzhya Sich - ichi linga chilumba, umene wazunguliridwa ndi makoma ndi palisades. Pamodzi wozungulira panali mfuti. Pakati pa migodi ali ndi dera lonse, amene aimirira m'mphepete-kusuta nyumba imene Cossack Zaporozhtzi moyo. Kumsasa pamtima zikwi zingapo. Nthawi zina chiwerengero anafika zikwizikwi. ndodo Permanent dzina lake Kosh. Pa gawo linalinso mpingo, sukulu, nyumba ya akuluakulu okalamba, nkhondo ndi outbuildings. Sich kachisi wa Virgin Woyera ndi Kumvetsela atsogoleri ku Kiev-Mezhyhirska Archimandrite. An malo lotseguka pafupi mpingo unali likulu la moyo ndiponso ndale za Zaporozhye Sech. Panali akulu imachitikira ndi misonkhano.

Pakuti migodi anali bazaar, komwe amalonda anabwera ndi akatundu awo. Sich kugulitsa katundu wawo kumeneko. Monga ulamuliro, izo zinali masewera, nsomba. Zaporizhzhya Sich - m'gawo kuti poyamba anali kwathunthu lopanda mphamvu ya landlords lapansi. Ambuye ndi serfs palibe. Kubverana sechevikov anamanga osati mokangamiza mwachizolowezi, koma pa maziko contractual. Munthu aliyense anali mfulu. Pamwamba pa Zaporizhzhya Sich, ndithudi, anali ndi mwayi. akuluakulu Senior zambiri anakhala eni wintering lalikulu, mphero madzi, ng'ombe ng'ombe ndi zina zotero N..

akuluakulu kusankha

Zaporizhzhya Sich - bungwe paramilitary ndi ufumu bwino mphamvu. Ngakhale kuti aliyense anali ndi ufulu Cossack, kusiyana chikhalidwe akalipo. Olemera anga anamvera misa sechevikov osauka. Pakati pa magulu kalasi anali wosanjikiza eni kakang'ono - kalasi pakati. Pakati Cossacks olemera osankhidwa ndi mavoti otchuka chifukwa nsonga chomwe chimanena mphamvu oyang'anira mu manja awo. Iye anatsogolera asilikali ndi kulamulira Cuma ndi ankaimira Sitch timakhala zamtendere.

Ngakhale ufulu kuti azivota aliyense kapitawo Cossack pafupifupi nthawi zonse anafunafuna zigamulo zabwino okha. Zaporizhzhya Sich - maphunziro, ndilo lotchedwa Cossack Republic.

Sich anthu unagawidwa kusuta. ulamuliro wapamwamba anali Council Cossack, amene analankhula ndi zofunika kwambiri. Iwo onse anatenga gawo Sich. Kumeneko osankhidwa ataman. Rada ndi chimodzimodzi achotsedwe ofesi. Mu sechevikov iye anali bwalo lake. Panali machitidwe dongosolo milandu ndi chilango. Kuba ndi anzawo ku ntchito, insubordination ndi mwano kwa lamulo apamwamba, kugwiriridwa kwa akazi nthawi imene (kumsasa kunalibe akazi), sodomy ndi machimo ena akhoza kusankha bwalo kutaya mitu yawo.

mapangidwe

Zaporizhzhya Sich - malo kwambiri chidwi linaperekedwa kwa maphunziro. Ana Cossack masukulu ntchito ndi mipingo. Pali anaphunzitsidwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba nyimbo, kuyimba, ndi ena. Chizindikiro china cha chikhalidwe cha Sich anali aulemu mabuku, amene ankatengedwa wa mtengo wapatali. Kugula iwo akanakhoza kokha Cossacks olemera. bukuli chimodzi cha mphatso zabwino. Akukhulupirira kuti chiyambi cha mawu akuti "chikwapu" - Asilavo. Ndi ndilochokera pa "kutema" - nkhondo, nkhondo ndi malupanga. Mawu "chikwapu" kwa Cossacks Chiyukireniya anali inextricably zogwirizana mphamvu yawo pa chilumba cha Khortytsya ndi kwina. Yakhala n'chimodzimodzi ndi kunyumba.

Movies Cossacks

Zaporozhtsy anachita nyanja ndi kumtunda kukwera mitengo yonyamulira, Turkey, Chitata Muscovite. Kwa Russia ndi Poland Sich inali nthawi yaitali ndipo nthawi yomweyo yabwino counterweight chotchinga ndi Crimea Chitata ndi Turkey. Komabe, ufulu kukoma Cossacks nthawi zambiri anali pa nkhondo ndi iwo. Pakuti wamba Chiyukireniya, amene wozunzayo pansi pa gori la Poland, ndi Sich anakhala chizindikiro cha nkhondo yolimbana ndi adani a Aisiraeli.

Zaporozhtsy anatsogolera wamba zipolowe onse ndi a olemekezeka Polish. Iwo anali ankhondo ndi mphamvu galimoto. The Army anayenda Cossacks chogwidwa ndi apakavalo. Pa nyanja, anadza m'mabwato ang'onoang'ono - tiyi otchedwa. Aliyense wa iwo linaikidwa asilikali 50-70. Patsogolo chombo anapita ataman ndi mbendera. Lililonse Cossack anali atakonzekera ndi lupanga, iye anali mfuti ziwiri, yotengekatengeka mapaundi asanu a onga, phata kwa kabawi, anali kunyamula Nuremberg nusu kwa lathu.

The liquidation wa Sich

Pambuyo Chirasha Turkey nkhondo ya XVIII atumwi, imene Cossacks anatenga gawo pa mbali ya Russia, anali linalanda Crimea ndi Black Sea gombe wakhala anapambana. Kuopseza mwamsanga ku Turkey ndi Chitata ufumuwo mbisoweka. Mu nthawi yomweyo panali choopsa kupanduka kwa Pugachev, amene mantha kwambiri Catherine II. Anataya tanthauzo lake geopolitical Zaporizhzhya Sich ndi mfulu kudzanso ake anali wolamulira wa gwero angathe ngozi. zifukwa izi zinachititsa kuti liquidation ake. Pambuyo pa adani a mpanda wolimba pa Khortitsa ambiri Cossacks anakhazikika ku Kuban ndi Don.