Nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo kumpoto - kutembenukira mfundo mbiri Russian ndi European

Great kumpoto nkhondo chiyambi cha XVIII atumwi, imene imati ambiri kumpoto kwa Ulaya zaloŵerera Pamlingo waukulu motengera zinthu geopolitical ndi pofuna kukwaniritsa Africa lonse. Nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo kumpoto zinachititsa kuti kugonjetsedwa zopweteka za Swedish Ufumu. State ulamuliro pa zaka Scandinavia, ndi Baltic States ndi kudutsa kumpoto kwa Ulaya konse kupezanso mphamvu zake zakale. Pa nthawi yomweyo nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo Kumpoto zinachititsa kuti sikunachitekepo pamaso kuwuka kwa Russian Ufumu malo abwino m'dera Moscow ufumu. Chifukwa cha nkhondo imeneyi, ndipo, ndithudi, chifukwa cha lamulo la mfumu yoyamba ya boma Russian m'mayiko Baltic Alimbikitsa, madoko a Nyanja North ndi kwa nthawi yoyamba unayamba bulu wamphamvu. Komabe, nkhondo imeneyi si nthawi zonse bwino kwa asilikali a ku Moscow. Komanso, gawo loyamba la nkhondo bwino kwa Sweden. Koma pamene panali panthaŵi yovuta? chinachitika kumene nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo kumpoto? Mayankho funso limeneli kukhala osiyana kwambiri. The atasemphana anakokera kwa zaka ziwiri zathunthu - kuchokera 1700 mpaka 1721. Ndipo ayenera kuonetsetsa nkhondo angapo amene akhala akuthandiza yaikulu pa mbiriyakale ya Russia, Europe ndi kuzungulira dziko.

Nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo Kumpoto

Nkhondo ya Narva

Nkhondo imeneyi inali yaikulu zipolowe choyamba mu makamu Russian ndi Swedish. Mu August 1700 Karl XII mphamvu kukakamiza agonje kwa anagwirizana Russian Denmark ndi mtendere ndi iye. Atapambana nkhondoyo, asilikali Swedish anayamba kuguba kumpoto Russian m'nyengo Narva ndi m'ma November, apambane. kugonjetsedwa ichi wapeza backwardness amphamvu a boma Russian mawu asilikali ndi zachuma. Dziko ali pafupi kugonjetsa. Komabe, pozindikira bwino achotsedwa pa kugonjetsedwa kuti anathandiza utsogoleri Russian kwa nthawi yochepa kuti achire izo.

Nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo Kumpoto

Kodi ndi liti kuchitika? Chifukwa dziko lathu, monga, mosakaika, ndi odziwika Nkhondo ya Poltava. Ndi 1709, asilikali a Sweden osati anakwanitsa amapita kum'mwera kwa Africa, komanso kuchotsedwa nkhondo chiwerengero cha anzawo a Peter. Choyamba, tikulankhula za Saxony ndi Poland. Katundu lonse la kulimbana ndi mdani wamphamvu anagwa pa mapewa a Russia. Swedish kampeni m'dziko kumeneku inayamba m'chaka cha 1708 mwina alibe kusowa kubwereza kamodzinso, kodi inatha Nkhondo ya Poltava. Tsopano amadziwika kuti aliyense wa sukulu. Koma chofunika, izo zakhala panasinthira Pankhondoyi, kenako asilikali Russian anakwanitsa kusuntha la zamasewero ku nkhondo ku Ukraine kwa Baltic States.

Gangut nkhondo

Mu 1714 wakhanda Russian zombo anapambana ake loti kupambana koyambirira pa Cape Hanko. Ndipotu, pambuyo kugonjetsedwa ichi, kanthu amanyansidwa nthawi amapita ku makamu a Peter.

Gregamsky nkhondo

Mu 1720, mnyamata Russian zombo anapambana chigonjetso lina loti pa Greg chilumba. Sweden, anagonjetsedwa kale m'dziko, ndipo tsopano ndi zombo anagonjetsedwa, anakakamizika kukhazikitsa mtendere. Choncho, nkhondo yaikulu ya nkhondo kumpoto zinachititsa kuti otchedwa Nystadt Mtendere (pansi pa dzina la mzinda komwe anasaina) zinachititsa kuti mtima wa zinyalala Russian kugombe la nyanja ya Baltic ku Riga kwa Vyborg, amene anatembenuka mu mphamvu apanyanja.