Wowuma Hydrolysis

Wowuma (S6N10O5) N - polysaccharide amene wapangidwa ndi tuzigawo twa awiri: 25% liniya amylose ndi 75% amylopectin nthambi. Iwo aumbike mwa kuwala zomera pa dzuwa.

Nkhanizi ndi ufa woyera umene uli insoluble m'madzi ozizira kupanga slurry. Pambuyo yothetsa slurry pansi pa akasinja waikamo woyera precipitate, ndi madzi akhoza chatsanulidwa mosavuta. Pambuyo kuyanika, wowuma ndi akuchira katundu wake onse.

Mu madzi otentha ndipamene njira colloidal wa thunthu - amenewa madzi viscous, lomwe limatchedwanso ndi wowuma phala ndi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba monga zomatira. Ndipo komabe pa chuma molingana kuphika wake zakudya ndi ena ndiwo zochuluka mchere.

Wowuma - mankhwala mankhwala inert. Kuti izo kuchita, muyenera nawo ndondomeko catalysts.

Pa katundu thupi mankhwala thunthu ntchito ikuyendera. Choncho, wowuma ndi ena ofanana chotchuka ntchito mu chakudya, nsalu ndi pepala makampani. Ndipo zamoyo, iye amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani organic zolinga mafakitale ndi mankhwala vozdeystiviyu. Hydrolysis wa wowuma - ichi ion kuwombola ndondomeko pakati pa madzi ndi thunthu, kumene kungakhale enzymatic kapena acidic.

Chemical hydrolysis wa wowuma - othandizira anachita, monga amapezeka ndi Kutentha mu kukhalapo zidulo zochita kupanga. Pa izi mankhwala anachita aone kuti pali tingasonyezere shuga anapanga zomwe
(S6N10O5) N + nH2O + (mphaka. H2SO4 + T °) = nC6H12O6.

Koma posachedwapa kupeza kutchuka enzymatic hydrolysis wa wowuma. Ntchito luso lapadera, izo ndi kuwapeza ethyl mowa, mchewere ndi shuga, komanso mankhwala hydrolysis.

The ntchito ndondomeko izi kuti kukhuthala mbewu anatengedwa monga chuma yaiwisi kwa Mwachitsanzo, rye, mbatata, chimanga, mpunga ndi ena. Izi zinthu zimenezi Komanso ali mu zikuchokera awo michere amylolytic, amene ntchito mu ndondomeko hydrolysis.

Mwachitsanzo, michere amenewa ndi isoamylase ndi pullulanase, glyukolinazy. Michere - catalysts zachilengedwe imathandizira zosiyanasiyana mankhwala. Schematically ndondomeko kudzitsitsa wowuma ndi michere motere: wowuma sungunuka → wowuma (amylose) → oligosaccharides (dextrins) → disaccharide (maltose = chimera) → α-shuga. Angagwiritsidwenso zowonetseredwa ndi aone kuti pali kuti:
(C6H10O5) N + nH2O + (kat.- enzyme) = nC6H12O6

Zowoneka inu mukhoza kuwona kuti panali mankhwala hydrolysis, ikuchitika zatsopano. Wiritsani osakaniza wowuma phala ndi asidi sulfuric. Ife aone ngati panali hydrolysis - kukapanda kuleka ayodini. Ngati anachita ndi zoipa, ndiye palibe buluu kapena violet mtundu, izo zimatanthauza kuti hydrolysis zinachitika.

Tsopano kutsimikizira kuti mankhwala hydrolysis - shuga. Kuwonjezera soda ndi chifukwa njira ndi mkuwa sulphate (II) (CuSO4). The precipitate hydroxide mkuwa alibe kusiya, yankho anasandutsa yowala mtundu buluu. Mkangano ndi kuwona mapangidwe sludge yadothi cotta (njerwa) mtundu - zikutanthauza kuti njira ali ndi shuga, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa pa hydrolysis ndi.

Thupi la munthu likugwiritsidwanso enzymatic hydrolysis wa wowuma. Zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri chifukwa mu nkhani pakhale chakudya, makamaka shuga. Iwo oxidized ku mbali iri yonse yochepetsetsa ya thupi, n'kupanga madzi ndi mpweya wa carbon dioxide kumasuka mphamvu uziyenda yachibadwa ya thupi.

Hydrolysis wa wowuma ndi michere kumayambira pakamwa pamene kutafuna. malovu munthu lili ndi puloteni - amylase, yomwe pansi zochita za wowuma ndi unagawika zigawo chosavuta - dextrins. Dongosololi munthu akhoza ngakhale kumva izo. Ndipotu, ngati nthawi yaitali kuti kutafuna mkate, ndiye mkamwa limapezeka zokoma kukoma, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti chiyambi cha wowuma ndondomeko hydrolysis. Owonjezera shuga, amene anapanga pa hydrolysis ndi, uyikidwa mu chiwindi monga malo michere - glycogen.