Chiphunzitso selo

Oyamba ndi oyamba akuti "selo" ndi wokwatibwa ndi Robert Hooke. Komabe, wasayansi asawadziwe (cell) monga voids mu homogeneous chuma (yunifolomu), amene anali zomera. maselo Animal anafotokozedwa koyamba Leeuwenhoek amene anapeza maselo ofiira ndi umuna. Zida (microscopes), zomwe zinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ofufuza a zaka 17-18, saloledwa molondola kukhazikitsa zinthu wamba a dongosolo tosaoneka ziwalo za nyama.

Ngakhale kuti zosakaniza mankhwala ndi mosavuta kwa phunziro, chiphunzitso selo ndi chidziwitso kumwazikana ndi unsystematic. Pambuyo Hooke akatswiri amanena kuti mbewu zimakhala ndi dongosolo yeniyeni, yodziwika ndi kukhalapo mu madera osiyana a maselo osiyana tosaoneka. Koma kupeza kapena generalizations aliyense kuchokera kuzipenya pamenepo sanali.

M'zaka za m'ma 18, maphunziro tosaoneka sanathe kupeleka nzeru qualitatively latsopano. Only ndi chiyambi cha microscopes chopangidwa ndi kupitiriza kuphunzira. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 30, zaka 19 botanists atongi wa nthawi kulola kulimbitsa chidziwitso cha dongosolo chiyambidwe cha zomera. Popeza selo amalandira udindo wa "nyumba ya pulayimale". Kugwiritsa ntchito njira maceration (kulowetsedwa) akuswa kopanda kuti wamba khoma tosaoneka particles. Choncho, asayansi kuona kuti selo ndi dongosolo chatsekedwa. Komanso anapatsa ndi kudziyimira pawokha ena.

Mole G. ndi L. H. Treviranus amasonyeza kuti nyumba masamba omwe si wapezeka ndi kukonza ma, popangidwa ndi maphatikizidwe maselo munthu pachiyambi. dongosolo pulayimale amapeza mtengo wa morphological ndi thupi chigawo chimodzi, imene kagayidwe palokha.

Tosaoneka thunthu la nyama wakhala akufunafuna mwakhama kuphunzira ndi sukulu ndi sukulu Müller Purkinje. Zikomo chifukwa cha ntchito yawo ndi ndalama yaikulu nkhani yoona ali kuyisonkhanitsa.

Mwachindunji anakonza chiphunzitso foni ya kapangidwe ka zamoyo anali Schwann (German katswiri, wofufuza) mu 1839. Chifukwa chakuti mu awo katswiri kafukufuku zochokera ntchito za katswiri Schleiden, yotsirizira akuti ndi Co-Mlembi wa Schwann.

chiphunzitso Cell ndi generalization wa deta angapo zochokera kufanana kwa nyama ndi masamba nyumba ya pulayimale. Izo zatsimikiziridwa ndi limagwirira chomwecho mapangidwe awo. Choncho, Schwann selo chiphunzitso amadziwika selo monga maziko zinchito ndi structural wa munthu wamoyo.

Kenako, wofufuza M. Badi ntchito chidziwitso cha izi mu phunziro la losavuta lapansi. K. Siebold kuimaliza kukonza (mu 1845) malo a chikhalidwe losavuta zokhala ndi selo imodzi.

chiphunzitso Cell Komabe, ndikusinthidwa m'zaka 19 mochedwa. Virchow (German wasayansi) atapereka kungoganizira latsopano. Yachokera pa kafukufuku latsopano, anaona kuti khungu aumbike okha ku maselo china. Virchow aziika patsogolo pa amanena za "boma ma." Pansi kopanda ichi, multicellular chamoyo zikuphatikizapo wagawo ndi ufulu umene ntchito yofunika kwambiri yokhudza pafupi ndi mzake.

chiphunzitso Cell anasonyeza mgwirizano morphological wa chirengedwe chonse organic. Zimenezi anapereka kwa chitukuko ndi kuphatikiza la zamoyo zinachita kusintha.

Modern chiphunzitso selo zochokera maudindo atatu.

Malinga ndi nkhani yolembedwa choyamba, kapangidwe pulayimale chokhudzana ndi zinyama za dziko. M'mawu ena, makonzedwe limanena kuti, mosaganizira za mtundu wa moyo, structural, majini ndi zinchito chitukuko anaonetsetsa kokha mwa selo.

Malinga ndi udindo chachiwiri, latsopano mayunitsi pulayimale kumachitika kokha pamaziko a Chigawo analipo. Pankhaniyi, onse maselo nawobe chomwecho mudziwe zamoyo ntchito mfundo kuchita ntchito yake pamaziko a kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni.

Malinga ndi udindo lachitatu, unit dongosolo limafanana ndi chamoyo multicellular, amene amakhala ndi bungwe mwadongosolo ndi wokhulupirika.