Mwatsopano (apulo): ofotokoza ndi ndemanga

Mwina kuchipeza aliyense amene sanali maapulo. Onunkhira yowutsa mudyo zipatso akhoza zosiyanasiyana oonetsera: wolemera wokoma, wowawasa, astringent. Iwo zabwino mwatsopano ndi kuphika kupanikizana, kupanikizana, odzola ndi madzi mwangwiro yothandizana chakudya chathu m'nyengo yozizira.

Padakali mazana a mitundu ya zipatso zodabwitsa izi, ndipo ngakhale izi, obereketsa mowirikiza osauka mitundu yatsopano ndi chipangizo zambiri yodziwika ndi zokolola mkulu, kukoma pachiyambi, hardiness, etc ... M'nkhaniyi, ife angakuuzeni si za kusankha latsopano. Zidzakhala heroine wa apulo kutsitsimuka. Kufotokozera, ndemanga anakumana wamaluwa kudzakuthandizani kuti aone ubwino wa kalasi, kuphunzira paradaiso.

Kutsitsimuka kuwonetsedwa 1976 pa Research Institute mbewu kuswana zipatso. Zosiyanasiyana anali chifukwa cha ndizi m'malo ovuta wotchuka Antonovka-krasnobochki ndi hybrid Welsy X F2 M. Floribunda. kupsyinjika uyu ali chitetezo chokwanira masoka kuti nkhanambo chifukwa anaika VF mbewu. Mu 1985, a prototypes Hava anapatsidwa mitengo ya zipatso, ndipo mu 1994 zosiyanasiyana za anasankhidwa mu osankhika a. Olemba ntchito imeneyi ndi Z. M. Serova, V. V. Zhdanov, E. N. Sedov.

anatengera mitundu

Mu 1995, zosiyanasiyana anayesedwa mu Central ndi ku Central Black Lapansi dela, ndi zaka sikisi zoned. Pa nthawi yomweyo atolankhani otchuka, apulo iyi inali kuperekedwa mwa munda. Zosiyanasiyana kutsitsimuka (ndemanga titsimikizire kuti) ali oyenera kubzala minda mtundu mwakayakaya. Kodi mtundu wa chikhalidwe?

Kutsitsimuka - apulo, amene mwangwiro ndinazolowera ndi kuzizira. Komanso, ali ndi mkulu chisanu kukana. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ambiri apulo kutsitsimuka. Kufotokozera za zosiyanasiyana operekedwa ndi wolemba, zikhoza kusinthidwa ndi m'madera louma, malinga kuthirira wochuluka. Apo ayi, mtengo Adzalefuka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mitengo apulo kulandira zakudya zofunikira mu mawonekedwe kusungunuka mwa dongosolo mizu. Choncho, m'madera otentha, kungakuthandizeni kuti azolowere yokha wambirimbiri chinyezi.

Kutsitsimuka - apulo mtengo umene kukhala wamkulu m'mikhalidwe nyengo yozizira mwapang'ono. Pakuti zosiyanasiyana anatengera si chofunika miyeso wapadera, popeza ali mkulu chisanu kukana. Chinthu chokha chimene chiyenera kuchitika kuti kuthandiza mtengo mwamsanga kutuluka nkhawa, ndi kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza organic.

Kutsitsimuka (apulo): Kufotokozera

Mtengo wa zosiyanasiyana izi ndi za kukula sing'anga ndipo ali ndi kukula m'malo mofulumira. Iwo ali anamaliza korona srednezaguschennuyu. nthambi zikuluzikulu anakonza yaying'ono, pang'ono yokhota kumapeto. Makungwa pa nthambi zazikulu ndi shtambe akuda bulauni ndipo ali yosalala pamwamba. Akuwombera mawonekedwe wopindidwa, ndi makulidwe ambiri mu gawo mtanda - chonse, pubescent pamwamba, mtundu bulauni, lenticels mfundo pafupifupi zimachitika mwachilungamo pafupipafupi. Impso mbamuikha, yosalala, ndi mawonekedwe conical.

Masamba yotakata ovate, lalikulu, utoto wakuda mtundu wobiriwira. Mbale ndi pang'ono pubescent, ndi m'mbali melkogorodchatye ndi pang'ono anapotoza kwenikweni. Ndi glossy pamwamba Sheen ndiponso venation. Petioles a makulidwe sing'anga yaitali, kusiyana ndi hairiness otsika.

maluwa

Inflorescence dongosolo wandiweyani, corymbose mtundu. Zina ndi monga maluwa anayi sikisi. masamba ndi utoto wosakhwima zoyera pinki mthunzi. maluwa ndi sing'anga kukula, ndi pamakhala adzakhale osati kutsekedwa. Stigmas ndi chamadzi ndi Maluwa, koma nthawi zina pang'ono apamwamba.

zipatso

Kutsitsimuka - apulo (chithunzi mukhoza kuona m'nkhani), amene amapereka chipatso cha sing'anga ndi wokulirapo: apulo munthu akulemera zana ndi makumi atatu magalamu wani handiredi ndi forte. Pali toyesa zazikulu, koma musalumphe magalamu mazana awiri.

The mawonekedwe a bochonkoobraznaya wosabadwa (pang'ono flattened pa mbali), ndi nthiti lonse. Peel losiyana yosalala pamwamba ndi Sheen glossy. Mtundu pakati chikapsa zochotseka sulfure chimaoneka zambiri Mzere ndi wokhudza apulo wofiira. Peduncle m'litali ndi makulidwe ambiri oyenerera obliquely molunjika. gated mbewu zipinda. Mbeu lalikulu, woderapo mtundu. mawonekedwe awo - conical mwapang'ono. zamkati ali azioneka Kamaoneka, chabwino ndi wandiweyani kapangidwe. N'zosavuta unagawanika pa amadza.

zipatso ndi yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, yokhala wofooka wosakhwima lokhazika mtima pansi. apulo kukoma - okoma ndi wowawasa. Pa zisanu mfundo lonse akatswiri Zokoma amanena pempho lawo zithunzi pa mfundo 4.3, kukoma - Mfundo 4.2. Ngati Tikayerekeza ndi wotchuka Antonovka, chikoka ake oveteredwa pa mfundo 4.1, ndi makhalidwe kukoma achita mfundo 4.0.

zakudya

Zipatso wolemera mu mavitamini ndi mchere. Iwo ali:

• 0,77% zidulo titratable;
• 9,2% shuga;
• 12,4 mg / 100 ga ascorbic asidi;
• 436 mg / 100 ga zinthu P-yogwira;
• 17,8% pectin.

zipatso ali oyenera processing (kupanikizana, timadziti, sachedwa chifukwa, ndi zina zotero. D.) Ndipo atetezedwe. zochotseka kukhwima nyengo akuyamba kumapeto kwa September. Maapulo kusungidwa popanda kutaya makhalidwe ake kukoma kwa mapeto a May. Kutsitsimuka - apulo, amene amapereka zokolola avareji makilogalamu 187 / ha.

Kubzala ndi Care

Apulo mtengo zingabzalidwe ndi kugwa, ndi masika. Wamaluwa amalangiza kugula mbande asanadzalemo, ndi bwino atapeza mizu - inu athanso uwone chikhalidwe cha dongosolo muzu pa mphindi. Ogulira sapling ayenera kukonzekera kubzala: kudula matenda kapena wosweka mizu kuchiza mabala kapena zilonda ndi makala opera, mizu bwino kufalikira. Masamba pa mbande sayenera kutupa.

Kodi kudzala apulo mtengo?

zosiyanasiyana Izi amakhala ndi kuphweka kwa yokonza, koma ndi lofunika kwambiri kusankha malo abwino chifukwa chodzala m'munda. Mwatsopano apulo mtengo kukula kwambiri ndipo amakula bwino mu malo bwino anayatsa, pafupi matabwa a mtundu wina. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuwoloka opylyaemostyu.

pansi

Tikufika dzenje Sikuti kukumba lalikulu kwambiri mita imodzi mulifupi ndi makumi asanu masentimita mwakuya. nthaka zikhale bwino umuna ndipo anamasuka. Chonde kudziwa kuti anawonjezera kukula mofulumira, koma pa zipatso zochepa kuchuluka kwa chodzala nthaka kutsitsimuka (apulo). Kudzala sapling, onani mmene ndi muzu kolala. malo ake olondola - pa mlingo wa nthaka.

Kusamalira mmera

Mutabzala, mmera zikhale zochuluka madzi. kuisamalira apulo mtengo - mndandanda wa miyeso ndiko azichita zinthu losavuta:

• chiphasochi yake ndi zonse mbewu;
• machiritso a kali bala ndi kuwonongeka;
• kuchotsa mphukira kuonongeka kapena youma; tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka padziko mtengo;
• amabisa tsinde (masika);
• chithandizo cha tizirombo.

Kukonzekera yozizira

M'dzinja sapling hilling ndi kutalika kwa masentimita makumi awiri, kuphimbira mtengo makungwa manyowa, zimene kompositi kapena peat, ndi thunthu oyeretsa njira choko. Ngati malo anu ponseponse makoswe m'nyengo yozizira, yomwe si mantha kudya apulo makungwa, muvale thunthu nthambi spruce kapena mabango. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo apulo sayenera kugwa kudya - chakwanira organic nkhani inali ku kuphimbira lapansi.

kusungiramo zipatso

Ngati mukufuna kukhala maapulo atsopano, ndiye muyenera kugwiritsa muli matabwa. Mabokosi ndi zipatso anayikidwa mu chipinda ozizira (chapansi, m'chipinda chapansi).

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Kutsitsimuka - apulo, omwe kawirikawiri amadwala. Chifukwa kukhalapo VF jini si poyera kuti matenda a mafangasi, pambali, bata mlingo wake ndi mkulu zokwanira nkhanambo. Komabe, mitengo izi zikhoza kukhala matenda monga moto choipitsa, khansa wakuda. Kodi kuthana nawo? Tiyeni tione izi mwatsatanetsatane.

moto choipitsa

Izo zingachitike chifukwa chisamaliro zosayenera. Njira yaikulu ya kulimbana izo - disinfection ndi kuwonongedwa kwa foci matenda.

khansa wakuda

Kawirikawiri akufotokozera mu mitengo achinyamata. Nkofunika musalole matenda anafika malo. Good kupewa matenda ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza potashi.

No zochepa ovutitsa chizindikiro Maonekedwe a tizirombo pa apulo.

1. Ngati mbewu anagwidwa ndi nsabwe wobiriwira, ayenera kusonyezedwa kulowetsedwa wa dandelion mtengo.
2. Pamene codling njenjete ntchito chlorophos njira - izi ndi njira yokha yomwe ikhoza kuwononga tizilombo pa apulo.
3. Kuyambira tsamba kudzakuthandizani tichotse njira "nitrofen".

kalasi ulemu

Malinga ndi obereketsa ndi wamaluwa odziwa, ubwino angatsutse wa apulo kutsitsimuka kugonjetsedwa ndi masamba mitundu nkhanambo asanu ndi zipatso. Komanso mwayi kwa limatchedwa siteji ina ya kusasitsa zokolola apamwamba, nthawi yaitali kusunga zipatso (mpaka mapeto a kasupe) ndi makhalidwe mkulu mankhwala.

Apple Tree kutsitsimuka: Ndemanga

Ngakhale zikamera posachedwapa nambala yaikulu mitundu yatsopano ndi hybrids, wamaluwa odziwa amasangalala kupitiriza kukula mitengo ndi nthawi anayesedwa. Zimafotokoza kusankha mosamala zosavuta awo chomera, mkulu zokolola. zipatso ndi kukoma zosangalatsa, yowutsa mudyo kwambiri ndi chonunkhira. Komanso, iwo apange umatetezera amazipanga chokoma ndi sachedwa chifukwa. Yekha wamaluwa malangizo novice odziwa kuti: Bzalani kutsitsimuka pafupi mitundu ina apulo kwa kubereketsa zomera bwino.