Whatman - pepala bwino mu kuwala zachilendo

Whatman - ndi wandiweyani woyera pepala. Zimatanthauza mankhwala kalasi umafunika ndi sizing padziko, popanda kapangidwe. Ndi mtundu wa pepala kujambula - ikuyandikira pepala, amene ali oyenera zojambula pensulo kapena watercolors. pepala ndi abwino kwa zojambula, monga kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kumva kuwawa.

M'mayiko pambuyo Union, muyezo mtundu - Whatman A1 (kukula 594 × 841 mm). Choncho ndi aliyense pepala mtundu A1, izo si zoona ndithu. Pambuyo kujambula pepala - luso lapadera la papermaking dzina la zatsopano ake. Kunja pepala otchedwa zikopa lolembedwa, kwa iwo udzabala Albums kwa zojambula ndi mitundu zolemba wapatali.

Nkhani ya

Kutulutsa Whatman inayamba mu England cha m'ma 18 (m'ma 1750s). Anayambitsa mtundu wa pepala angatchedwe James Uotmena (James Whatman). pepala mwina adzatchedwa "Creative situdiyo", koma chifukwa cha khalidwe la English Pomasulira wa mayina Chisililiki anabadwa dzina odziwika.

Bambo Uotmen Dubiley khungu, koma kufuna kupeza chuma zachititsa kuti anapeza mu 1733 zake kupanga pepala. Iye anakonza zoti apange pepala bwino ku Ulaya, zimene zinathandiza olamulira ambiri aluso Britain, amene ankagwira ntchito ku fakitale yake. Mosiyana ndi mpikisano fakitale Uotmena pepala opangidwa ndi nsalu ndi hemp nsanza, chifukwa zamkati zokolola oyera kuposa mitengo.

Ojambula zithunzi oyamba kuzindikira mkulu amasokoneza Uotmena - kufufuza kwa pensulo zimene zikuoneka mwangwiro, ndipo watercolors mwangwiro kugona pa maziko wandiweyani. Panalibe mpikisano Uotmena zaka 30, pepala lake anadziwika kunja UK, izo ankagwira ntchito posindikiza mabuku. Buku loyamba, anakaika pa pepala - chopereka cha ntchito za Virgil, ndi wotchuka - Baibulo, ndi madeti 1763 chaka.

Uotmen yekha chidali chifuniro lake lotchedwa "nsalu" kapena "zikopa lolembedwa" pepala chifukwa chakuti lathyathyathya pepala kapangidwe ndi ofanana ndi minofu thinnest. Wolemekezeka pepala whiteness ndi durability, komanso, mosiyana ndi mphero zina pepala, palibe kuda nkhungu.

Atamwalira James Uotmena kampani akatengela ndi mwana wake, kale pa ulimi mbewu yake anadzatchedwa pepala Whatman kapena Whatman. Watman kampani alipo ndiponso tsopano, kupatula kuti umabala zipangizo zachipatala.

About akamagwiritsa pepala Whatman

Paper Kukula - ndi mtundu wa Chinsinsi cha kukula zina, nawonso muyezo. Anthu padziko lonse anatengera mfundo ISO, chimene pali kusiyana pa mndandanda: A - zolemba, - yosindikiza, C - chifukwa envulopu. Mu ISO mtundu muyezo lomwe lili ndi phindu kuchokera 0 10, ndi wina kusamvana motsatizana ndi hafu ya m'mbuyomu.

Whatman, opangidwa m'mayiko pambuyo Soviet, zingakhale kwa A1 kuti A4. Choncho, A1 mtundu ntchito kwa kapangidwe akatswiri ndi prototyping, A2 otchuka pakati pa ophunzira amene pochitika kukula izi dipuloma ndi Inde ntchito anasankhidwa ndi amisiri A3, A4 - ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti ana amene akungoyamba kumene kuphunzira kudzatunga.

Whatman kunyumba

Zochokera A0 pazipita, amene ali malo mita lalikulu 1, ndi bisection ndi kosavuta kupeza chigamulocho ankafuna. Choncho, kujambula Whatman A1 A0 analandira ndi kugawa ndi 2. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dongosolo la ntchito zosiyaniratu malangizo A1 angathe kupeza polowa pamodzi mapepala ndi atatu a pepala A4. Mofananamo, kusiya zochimwazo kumathetsa mavuto, kupanga pepala kujambula kunyumba.

Beyond zojambula ndi kupenta

Mwambiriyakale, Whatman pepala (A1 kukula, linanena pamwamba) anakhala pepala lapamtima, osati kokha kwa anthu a kudzinenera luso, komanso kuzindikira za mitundu yonse malingaliro kulenga. Pa pepala Whatman opangidwa khoma nyuzipepala, anasolola zithunzi ukwati ndi chidzatha liti, Chaka Chatsopano ndi mitundu yonse ya zochitika wosaiwalika.

Whatman ndi modernity

Ndi chitukuko cha umisiri wamakono Whatman sanataye kufunika kwake. Ndi iwo, kuwapangitsa otchuka, koma sankadziwika zinthu: zikhalidwe zithunzi, mapu, zilakolako, zithunzi ndi mphatso.

Malinga cholinga anathamangitsa, nkhani ya mmene kuika pepala wanu kujambula, kuthetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukufuna Photobackground, palibe kukongola owonjezera kuti muthe. pepala White mwangwiro anatsindika kapangidwe zinthu anaika pa pepala Whatman. Popular atsikana akufuna mapu zowonera bolodi pa pepala ili anapangidwa losavuta: ndodo kwa clippings pepala magazini kapena zithunzi amasindikizidwa kuchokera Internet kuti kusonyeza zimene akufuna (mwachitsanzo, zapamwamba nsapato, galimoto, malo amene ndikufuna kupita kukapuma).

Mothandizidwa ndi pepala ndi zophweka kuti mphatso choyambirira - ndi chithunzi maswiti (mipiringidzo chocolate, maswiti kapena kumatafuna chingamu mu CD payekha). White maziko, mu nkhani iyi, inu mukhoza kukongoletsa, kulemba moni kwa wolandira ndi ntchito tepi iwiri amaganiza kuti muiike maswiti mumaikonda. Nkofunika kusankha phukusi yaing'ono kupirira tepi katundu.