Uorhol Endi: MBIRI ndi ntchito

M'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa wa Pop Art Uorhol Endi anatha bwinobwino kutembenukira dzina lanu mu mtundu wina. The Mipikisano faceted ndi ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana umunthu, iye analemba mwamphamvu mu mbiri ya chikhalidwe mu theka lachiwiri la zana la 20. Kodi anabweretsa iye bwino loti?

ubwana

August 6, 1928 mwana wachinayi anabadwa mu banja la anthu ochokera Czechoslovakia Warhol, anamutcha iye Andrew. Uorhol Endi - siteji dzina Andreya Varholy. Pa ndinkakhala Pittsburgh pa kubadwa kwake banja kwa zaka zingapo tsopano Pennsylvania, kotero iye moyenerera anatenga wake dzina American. Banja analibe poyerekezera ndi chilengedwe kulenga. Bambo anga ankagwira ntchito moyo wake wonse mu mgodi wa malasha, ndi mayi wake kunyumba.

Mu kalasi 3 pang'ono kudwala chorea Andrew Sydenham a. matenda Izi zimapangitsa musanaganizire kayendedwe mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa, chaka chathunthu mnyamata anali kucheza kunyumba. Zinali nthawi imeneyi kuti anachita chidwi ndi chithunzi, kuti mwanjira zimalepheretsa okha ku chikhalidwe matenda. Malowo analibe hiccup nthawi yaitali, iye basi anasolola zimene anali akuona: kuwala mababu, makiyi, mapaketi kanthu yafodya. Kenako anayamba koyamba kupanga collages wa clippings nyuzipepala.

kuyambira pa msewu

Young ndi wofuna ntchito Endi Uorhol anaganiza kuyamba ndi kulembetsa mu Institute of Technology, Carnegie Mellon University. Iye mosavuta Mwapambana mayeso zonse ndipo anayambiranso kuphunzira fanizo malonda ndi zojambula zojambulajambula. Kunapezeka kuti wophunzira bwino pa sukuluyi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo iye sakanakhoza yokhudzana ndi aphunzitsi ndipo m'kalasi.

Achinyamata ndi luso American wojambula mosavuta kupeza ntchito ku New York. malo ake choyamba - m'mawindo oonetsera. M'zaka zimenezi iye anajambula posters, makadi moni, kuchita kumbali yokongola. Iwo analibe bwino kwambiri poyamba.

mnzanga wina anamuuza kuti: ngati mukufuna kukhala wolemera - Lembani ndalama. Andy analabadira uphungu wa kwenikweni, nayamba kudzatunga ngongole imodzi-dollar. Pa nthawi yomweyo ntchitoyi inamalizidwa ndi makuponi kwa kuchotsera, ndipo tsopano mafano lodziwika bwino za msuzi "Campbell". Zinali bwino choyamba. Iye anazindikira mofulumira ndipo akhoza kugwirizana ndi kutsogolera magazini glossy. Otchuka magazini Harper a Bazaar ndi Uorhol Endi ntchito monga Illustrator ndi.

makwerero mmwamba

Mmodzi wa anthu opambana kwambiri nthawi yake Endi Uorhol, mbiri ndi zinthu zomwe cholinga lero, anayamba ntchito yake ndi malonda. Woyamba bwino ntchito anali kulimbikitsa nsapato "I. Miller. " Zinali bwino kwenikweni, mgwirizanowo anagwa ngati mvula, ndi kuchuluka kwa malipiro ndi chikukwera.

Kale mu 1952 iye anali chionetsero wake woyamba. Iye anabweretsa wolemba ake kupambana kwambiri. Andy anachita "Club wa akonzi luso." Pa nthawi yomweyo Analenga siginecha wake kalembedwe zochokera pa zenera yosindikiza. Pa nthawi imeneyi zasungidwa wake zambiri kuposa $ 100 000 chaka, ndipo anamuzindikira monga mmodzi wa anthu opambana kwambiri nthawi yathu. Imodzi mwa dongosolo kwambiri mtengo - ndi kapangidwe mabanki "koka-Cola".

Chinsinsi, zidindo, zidindo ...

1962 anali chikhomo. Panthawi imeneyi, kumatheka changu wojambula stencils. Monga maziko anatenga clippings nyuzipepala kapena photos, Baibulo choyambirira kuchulukitsa mu makope ambiri. Aliyense amene akusowekapo anali utoto mosiyana. Chithunzicho American anali magawo a Kuzindikira. Kusankha mitundu zochokera ngakhale awo.

Pa nthawi ina, chithunzicho ndi chidwi pa zithunzi zomvetsa chisoni. Iye anatenga nkhani umbanda, ngozi, moto. kubwerezabwereza ambiri kwalimbitsa kuganiza, ndi mitundu zobwera ufalikire kuganizira nkhaniyo.

Endi Uorhol akugwirabe ntchito njira imeneyi. Photos Merilin Monro akhala ouziridwa ojambula zithunzi. Marilyn mitundu Neon wakhala ngati chithunzi cha luso Pop.

fakitale

Uorhol Endi luso anabweretsa kwa nzeru za sayansi. Iye anawauza mobwerezabwereza kuti iye anafuna kuti akhale makina. Ndikuganiza chomwecho ndi amaoneka mofanana, monga makina - ndi chimene adze kwa anthu. msonkhano kulenga anakhazikitsa maziko a mfundo imeneyi, umene umatchedwa "Factory". Kulenga anamuperekeza zofunikira chipinda lonse chidafundidwa ndi aluminum.

"Factory" Warhol anayamba kusonkhanitsa ngati anthu oopa Mulungu. Ntchito gulu wodzilemekeza ndi ogwira angapo. Ngakhale malangizo ambiri anali yunifolomu, othandizira ndi ena ufulu. Atenga zithunzi zawo stencils latsopano ndipo anaphunzira mita mitundu mitundu.

wotsogolera

onse chomwecho "fakitale" anali malo kanema pathupi. Andy wakhala pafupifupi wotsogolera filimu kokhaku kalembedwe mobisa. wake woyamba ntchito kum'patsa mudziko zachinyengo. Izi kupenta "Dream" ndi "Empaer". Choyamba, mu tepi chabe munthu amene akugona, wachiwiri amapereka kuganizira za usiku Ufumu State Building. Chithunzi kumatenga maola angapo, pamene, popanda limodzi aliyense nyimbo.

M'tsogolo, pali filimu ndi chiwembu, atavala chilengedwe makamaka kumbali. Mmodzi wa mafilimu woyamba Mbali - 'Kutola. The ndondomeko kwambiri ntchito ndi nkhani ya chithunzi ndi travesty ndi kunyazitsa mafilimu a kanema malonda.

Popeza 1966, Warhol anayamba kugwira ntchito ndi gulu Velvet Mobisa. Iye amapanga mafilimu ndi akutulutsa zimbale angapo. Andy panokha akufotokozera kamangidwe ka Album chawo choyamba. Chivundikirocho anaika likutipatsa chifaniziro cha nthochi pa maziko koyera. Tsopano ndi imodzi mwa ntchito kwambiri kuzindikira za chithunzicho.

magazini

Munthu uyu si wojambula, wotsogolera ndi sewerolo wa gulu loimba, iyenso ali wofalitsa magazini. Endi Uorhol analenga magazini "Kucheza". Cholinga cha yosindikiza - kubweretsa chikhalidwe masiku ano ambiri.

Pa masamba a magazini osindikizidwa kuyankhulana ndi kanjedza kulenga nthawi yake: oimba, ojambula zithunzi, zisudzo, otsogolera. Iye anali mmodzi wa oyamba kuchotsa chophimba mwachinsinsi pa moyo wa umunthu wotchuka. Izo mwangwiro coexists kutchuka, kugonana, ozunguza ndi chakudya chokoma. Koma bwalo la anthu si tumphuka luso ndi mobisa, buku la sichidalira kalembedwe makamaka, ndipo amagwira ntchito mu njira zonse.

Magazini akadali ndi moyo ndipo lasindikizidwa m'mayiko ambiri. Mu Russia, adafika mu 2011. The mbadwo watsopano wa kusata miyambo wokhazikitsidwa tate wa.

kuyesa

July 3, 1968, Warhol, monga nthawi yonse, ntchito yomwe wake. Mmodzi wa actresses wake -Valeri Solanas - anabwera ndipo anatenga mfuti atatu m'mimba ndi chithunzicho. Pambuyo mwakachetechete adatuluka ndi kulondera woyamba anavomereza kuti upandu. Komabe, si anamva chisoni, ndipo anapanga pofuna bwino. Andy zowawa kukomoka, koma chifukwa cha madokotala yaitali ndi zovuta opareshoni anatha kupulumutsa moyo wake. Umboni obvenititelnye iye anakana kwamtuwagalu, benignly khululukira chitsanzo wake. Solanas anathawa ndi zaka zitatu m'ndende ndi chithandizo mokakamizidwa.

Ena amakhulupirira kuti Valerie anali odzipereka loteteza ufulu wa akazi. Koma iye ananena kuti iye kuweruzidwa choncho chidwi. Azikamba naye, ali kulankhula ndi mipando, iye ankanena. Version ndi chikondi wosasangalala zikuwoneka zambiri ndithu, anapatsidwa zinthu zonse.

Atakhala pafupi Wazolengedwa, chithunzicho anayamba wopembedza, ndipo anayamba kupezeka mpingo. Mu ntchito za nthawi ili amaona nkhani ya imfa yachiwawa.

moyo

Endi Uorhol, amene yonena chimene chimasungidwa, komabe sangathe kwathunthu kuchotsa kukambirana pagulu pamoyo wake.

Nthawi zonse zimachitika ubwenzi ndi Edi Sedzhvik. Ndi msungwana wokongola akumwetulira wokongola, anakumana mu 1995. Woonda, olobodoka mtsikana 17 wazaka anasangalala kale wotchuka ojambula zithunzi. Iye zambiri amatchedwa ake imasonkhezera wake.

Ilo likadali si bwino, izo womangidwa maganizo awo achikondi kapena ayi, koma chinthu chimodzi ndi choona. Iwo onse anaonekera pamodzi, monga mapasa amavala mofanana. Chifukwa cha Andy, mtsikana ngakhale tonsured tsitsi lawo zokongola ndi zolochedwa pulatinamu tsitsi. Koma idyll sanali wosatha, zifukwa osadziwika, iwo anakangana zoyenera odyera, ndi awo yaitali anawona.

Akatswiri ambiri zachinsinsi Endi Uorhola ankadzinenera kuti iye anali wotero, ndi ubwenzi ndi Eddie sanathe kukhala. Zambiri za moyo ndi ntchito angapezeke mu zolemba za imene inali kuchitidwa ndi Endi Uorhol: yonena, photos, hangouts, ndi ndondomeko kulenga. Records anali zaka 10, ndipo pambuyo pa imfa yake linasindikizidwa.

Wojambula, wotsogolera, sewerolo, mkonzi - Endi Uorhol tinaonera pafupifupi onse mayendedwe ndipo anasiya yowala Neon kuipitsa mbiri ya mbiri ya luso ano. ntchito zake kupitiriza kuuzira achinyamata a anthu kulenga, ndipo ambiri otsatira adamuukitsa yekha pa "Factory" luso. Zachilendo umunthu ndi tsogolo zachilendo, chitsanzo omveka a munthu amene paokha akwaniritsa zonse ndoto.