APEC - decoding. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation: mndandanda wa maiko

Mu dziko muli yekha bwino mabungwe angapo mayiko ndi dera monga, imene mbali yofunika ankaimba ndi gawo bizinesi. Limodzi la mabungwe awa - ndi APEC. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti achidule zikumveka ngati Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

APEC kucheza anayamba linakhalapo mu 1989. State opanga kucheza anali ndi zofanana chilakolako - kulera muyezo wa chikhalidwe cha m'dera Asia-Pacific ndi zolimbikitsa chuma ndi kulimbikitsa malonda.

Yambani ammudzi kuti ayike mapulogalamu ndi nkhani malonda m'makalata. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation zikuphatikizapo limati 21. Izi Australia ndi Brunei, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Indonesia ndi Canada, China ndi Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand ndi Papua - New Guinea, Peru, Russia, Singapore ndi United States, Thailand ndipo Taiwan, ndi Philippines, komanso Chile ndi Japan.

Pambuyo Russia, Peru ndi Vietnam akhala m'gulu mndandanda wa mayiko nawo za kucheza (mu 1997), anthu am'dera afika anayambitsa 10 wazaka moratorium yowonjezera mndandanda wa anthu amene adzakhale ammudzi.

Magwero a mapangidwe mayanjano

Yonseyi ndi APEC, zomwe zikumveka ngati mawu olembedwa a Asia-Pacific Economic Community, izo poyamba kuoneka ngati mgwirizano wa limati, komanso chuma tandem. bungwe poyamba anali kuthetsa mavuto osati ndale, koma mwangwiro zachuma. APEC unakhazikitsidwa ngati Forum kuti alibe kapangidwe gulu ndi zomwe sanakhazikike bureaucracy iliyonse. Ngakhale lero, Secretariat olowa ili Singapore, kuphatikizapo 23 oimira. Aliyense wa oimira anasankhidwa membala chuma cha polojekiti. The secretariat komanso ukugwira 20 m'dera antchito amalipidwa. Poyerekeza ndi WTO, APEC, ndi mawu olembedwa a lopatsidwa pamwamba, si potengera malamulo a mapangidwe mabungwe opereka kwa kupezeka kwa mphamvu pravoprinuzhdeniyu mu chochitika mikangano malonda.

Limatchula za mgwirizano wa

Limatchula ntchito lagona kufunsira ndipo pofuna kukwaniritsa kuuzidwa. The ndondomeko ya mgwirizano pakati limati zachokera kuwombola lotseguka zambiri mwa mayiko ndi anthu. m'deralo zochokera gulu ndi kaphatikizidwe mapulani losonkhanitsidwa ndi munthu kanthu kuti kuthandiza kukwaniritsa aliyense limati. Mapulani monga mudziwe zambiri pa Boma 15 ntchito. Pakati pawo, mtengo si mlandu kanthu, ntchito ndi ndalama, mfundo ndi conformance, njira miyambo ndi kuteteza nzeru katundu ufulu, ndondomeko pa maziko mpikisano ndi malamulo a boma, kumasulidwa malamulo a katundu ndi pokambiranapo mwachindunji mikangano, ndi kuyenda kwa anthu ntchito, deta ndi ambiri zambiri.

Global udindo wa APEC

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation chimakwirira 40% ya anthu. The GDP m'mayiko okwana onse nawo kuposa chithunzi cha zankhaninkhani, 16 madola womwe ndi 60% ya GDP lonse. atsogoleri APEC asanduka chida chachikulu kulimbikitsa malonda momasuka ndi kuyambitsa mgwirizano zachuma m'chigawochi. The gawo la maiko membala mlandu osachepera 42% ya okwana malonda dziko. Udindo wa gulu mu zaka 20 zapitazi chawonjezeka kwambiri. Tsopano anthu am'dera mwachangu:

• liberalized malonda;
• kulimbikitsa aliyense mtundu wa ntchito ;
• kupereka matanthauzo opindulitsa chuma ndi luso mgwirizano;
• nkhani zokhudza a unyamata ndi akazi.

malingaliro General ndi zokonda

APEC, amene decoding zapatsidwa pamwambazi, zachokera kopanda kuti ntchito - ndi ntchito maziko, ndi kukhala bwino izo ziyenera analimbikitsa. Mu magawo oyambirira a ntchito zachitukuko ikuchitika zokambiranazo mwadongosolo ndi oimira zabwino za gawo malonda m'dera Asia-Pacific.

Mu 1995 anaganiza kuti akonze Business Board Advisory, yemwe anakhala thupi kiyi wa dera lonse. Mayiko onse APEC membala asankhidwa kuti gulu la osachepera 3 anthu amene akhoza kulankhula zofuna za malonda dziko. mapiri pachaka ABAC mpata kwa akuluakulu a ayamikira ambiri anapereka pa nkhani zotsatirazi:

• kukhazikitsa pulogalamu m'dera makalata amene zogwirizana ndi liberalization osati malonda, komanso ndalama boma;
• chitukuko mabungwe a zachuma ndi sayansi;
• chizindikiritso cha udindo ubale ku mudzi wa mavuto malonda.

Aliyense malipoti si anapanga payokha aliyense boma, ndipo mogwirizana ndi akatswiri ochokera nyumba boma.

Masitepe oyamba ogwira

APEC, amene nthawi zonse kusinthidwa ndi mndandanda wa mayiko, woyamba zipatso njira anatengera mu 1990-2000. Ankalimbikitsidwa ndi zosabvuta pa njira chitupa cha visa chikapezeka kuti amalonda a chuma mayanjano membala. Anali kusanduka zimalepheretsa kayendedwe ufulu osati katundu komanso ndalama. Imalimbikitsa kukula kwa njira njira mu dera la mgwirizano malonda. Ntchito Force BAC kuyamba miyeso yogwira kwa kusakanikirana miyezo padziko lonse lapansi zovomerezeka zakuthupi. Kuchita zinthu yogwira kwa kuphunzitsidwa luso ndi kulimbitsa zachuma pa mlingo padziko lonse.

Ntchito Force wa akatswiri mkati m'deralo kuyesetsa kuti athe e-malonda. Yopangidwa ya miyeso kuchepetsa "digito kugawaniza" pakati pa chuma APEC. Mndandanda wa mayiko membala wa Association limakupatsani kuona mmene anali mlingo wa kusakanikirana matekinoloje pafupifupi dera la malonda limati osiyana. Masiku ano, vuto wakhala kwathunthu kuthetsedwa.

Udachitikira choyamba mu Russia

Mu May 2001, mwambo msonkhano koyamba mu Moscow mu chimango cha APEC Forum. Iwo anali nawo nthumwi 100 wa bizinesi osankhika ATP. Russia, chifukwa mbali anayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa "APEC Business Club", womwenso oposa 50 zikuluzikulu makampani zoweta ndi mabanki, amene zinthu zawo motsogozedwa ndi dera Asia-Pacific.

Malinga ndi pulezidenti wa Russia, dziko akufuna kutenga mbali pa chitukuko cha ntchito za m'dera, kuphatikizapo anatengera chimango dziko la malamulo ndi chitukuko yomweyi demokalase. boma lalikulu boma bwino kuti mu malonda pompopompo osauka dera, iyenera chiyembekezo chabwino kwa kutukuka.

Summit 2014 Beijing

Udachitikira otsiriza APEC unachitikira ku Beijing mu November 2014. nkhani zinachititsa 24-tsamba kulengeza. Atsogoleri a mamembala limati asankha kuchita zolimbikitsa ntchito entrepreneurial ndi kupitiriza kugwira ntchito mwakhama kwa kumukana protectionism.

APEC udachitikira ku Beijing wakhala maziko Makampani Member anapitiriza kumenyana ndi kugawikana kwa malonda dera. The Community Cholinga kukhala Internet-ndalama. Komanso, anaganiza pangano pafupifupi chimodzi pa chitukuko cha madera a mgwirizano ndi limati African, imene yaitali ndi kuteteza kufala kwa mliri wa Ebola.

APEC udachitikira ku Beijing ankafunitsitsa kuthetsa vuto la mavutowo. Ankalimbikitsidwa chakuti aliyense dziko ayenera kufunafuna mphamvu galimoto kwa ndalama zake.