Walnut mitundu: photos, kulongosola. Walnut: amtundu "abwino"

Kukumana ndi zothandiza katundu wa zipatso zabwino zimenezi, mwina wodziwika owerenga athu onse. Kodi mukudziwa mitundu ya walnuts hardiness osiyana, mkulu zokolola, kukana kuti tizirombo ndi matenda, ndi zabwino kwambiri chipatso? Izi ndi zimene tinena kwa inu m'nkhani ino.

Walnut: kufotokoza

Ambiri aona wamphamvu ameneyu deciduous mitengo. Ilinso ndi dongosolo yaikulu muzu. Zipatso za mtengo umenewu ndi drupes youma ndi involucre minofu inedible. Iwo youma ndi kung'amba akakhwima. Pa kukula kwa zipatso ang'ono, lalikulu kapena sing'anga-kakulidwe. mawonekedwe awo zimatengera mtundu wa mtengo - kuzungulira, chowulungika, oblong-chowulungika, oblong, flattened laterally, ovoid, etc ...

Chipolopolo ali pafupifupi yosalala, chabwino ndi krupnomorschinistuyu zina vuto pamwamba ndi maselo angapo. mitundu yonse ya walnuts ndi onse water- ndi kutentha wachikondi zomera, kuthekera kukhala ndi kubala mbewu okha ofunda, m'madera kum'mwera amakonda madambo. Bad mtedza limakula ndi chimafotokozera kumene pachaka mpweya kutentha ndi osachepera +10 ° C, ndi kutentha kwambiri miyezi mpweya usavutike +25 ° C. N'chifukwa chake mu kanjira pakati ambiri walnuts tiribe nthawi kuti zipse.

Pakali pano, pali mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu ya mitengo, zosiyana, kukana kwa chisanu otsika ndi matenda ndi kukoma zosangalatsa. Ambiri a iwo kupereka zokolola kwambiri.

Kodi kudzala mtengo?

Kufotokozera mtedza mitundu tsopano angapezeke mu Mabaibulo onse a maluwa, kotero chilimwe chilichonse kumalowa kuyesa kukula pa malo mtengo. Kwa iye, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka iliyonse. Nkofunika kukumba dzenje, amene mozama ndi mita imodzi kuchokera pansi ndi awiri - za makumi asanu masentimita. Musanayambe mbande m'dzenje, anawaika pa masiku awiri mu madzi. Ngati inu kuchita izo, patapita zaka zitatu kapena zinayi, mtengo adzakupatsa kukolola koyamba.

Popular mitundu

Wamaluwa dziko lathu chikondwerero mitundu angapo amene ali kufunika mkulu ndi amaonedwa yabwino. Iwo amasankhidwa molingana ndi muyezo angapo. Makamaka n'zofunika woonda-shelled mtedza, lalikulu lozungulira mawonekedwe.

Lero dziko lathu nakulitsa 21 kalasi mtedza. Komabe, ena mwa iwo wamkulu kuposa ena. Izi makamaka mitundu monga "abwino" ndi "Goliati." Werengani zambiri za iwo ife kufotokoza pansipa. The zigawo Russia, kumene yozizira si owopsa kwambiri, anabzala oyambirira maonekedwe mawonekedwe, amene analandira ndi obereketsa wa Tashkent dera.

Walnut: amtundu "abwino"

Mu makumi asanu Mu zaka zapitazo, ndi breeder ku Fergana SS Kalmykov anabweretsa zosiyanasiyana latsopano maonekedwe oyambirira zipatso mtedza. Iye akuyamba kubala zipatso m'chaka chachisanu. Walnut (zosiyanasiyana "abwino") ali inflorescence kupanga burashi, amene amaoneka mtedza angapo. Mbali yaikulu ndi luso kalasi ya maluwa kuchokera akonzedwa lachiwiri la thumba losunga mazira mtedza.

Ndi nthawi ya chiphaso cha kalasi m'magazini osindikizidwa nkhani za maonekedwe oyambirira a mtedza zipatso zimaŵetedwa ku Fergana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya S. S. Kalmykova anayamba kubala zipatso mwamsanga ndi zaka ziwiri. Iwo anali kungokhala pamodzimodzi (osapitirira 2 m), ndi burashi Knotted 10-18 fetuses. Nkhani akewa kugirigisha pakati wamaluwa. Ndi breeder odziwika makalata anayamba kufika kuchokera konsekonse Soviet Union.

Ndithu lalikulu mtedza mitundu "abwino" ali anapambana kutchuka ndi Russian wamaluwa mkulu chisanu kukana. Iwo akhoza kulimbana frosts digiri -35. Mbewu anabzala mu kugwa pansi pa akuya masentimita 10. Kumapeto kwa June (chaka chamawa), pali mphukira woyamba, ndi chifukwa cha kugwa kwa mmera wa akula masentimita makumi asanu. Nkofunika kuti palibe kubisa mitengo achinyamata m'nyengo yozizira.

"Zolingazo" ayenera kukhala kuchuluka kwa dzuwa, shading izo amanyamula zoipa. Mtengo wabwino limakula ndi chimafotokozera pa dothi loamy Mbali yokhala ngati, amtengo lonyowa. Wood ali wamphamvu, lonse mizu, kotero nati ayenera anabzala kuchokera nyumba zosiyanasiyana. Maluwa kumayambira May, zipatso akhoza kukolola kumapeto September. Maluwa asonkhana mu inflorescences, amene anapanga kuchokera kuwundana wa mtedza.

Patatha zaka zitatu, nati akuyamba kubala zipatso. Kukula, mtengo kumawonjezera zokolola. Chimakula kuti avareji mamita asanu. Yodziwika wabwino zokolola (120 makilogalamu). Chiwerengerochi amanena kuti zomera wamkulu (zaka 12). Misa mitima - pafupifupi magalamu 10-12.

"Vietnam"

Walnut mitundu amene ali kufunika mu dziko lathu woyenera oyambirira kukhwima ndi "mchere". Izi sing'anga-kakulidwe mtengo (3 meters mkulu), ndi korona kufalikira.

Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi chilala, mtengo umabala zipatso sweetish kukoma chipolopolo wamphamvu. kalasi lakonzedwa kuti kukula kum'mwera kwa dziko lathu, monga ovuta masamba frosts maluwa ndi mitengo ya mitengo anakhudzidwa. M'chaka chachinayi mutabzala mtengo akuyamba kubala zipatso. zosiyanasiyana Izi amakhala ndi khola ndiponso wodzaza ndi kukolola. chipatso zimapsa m'katikati September. Popeza mtengo umodzi pafupifupi kuchotsedwa 25 makilogalamu mtedza. Kulemera kwa mtima - magalamu 15. zosiyanasiyana Izi akhoza zimachitika lalikulu-fruited.

wakuda mtedza

Ndi mphepo mungu monoecious zomera. Kutalika kwa mtengowo ukufika mamita makumi asanu. pinnate tsamba kutalika kwa masentimita makumi anai ndi m'lifupi masentimita makumi awiri. Ali ndi kutchulidwa fungo balsamic. Fruiting mtengo ndi chaka chakhumi.

Zipatso za wakuda mtedza yokutidwa ndi peel wandiweyani amphamvu. Iwo amakhala akuluakulu kuposa miyambo, ndi phata lawo ndi mdima kwambiri, ali grooves ambiri. Peel wa wakuda mtedza wolemera mavitamini (makamaka vitamini C).

Pa maziko a wakuda mtedza muli zakudya zomanga thupi, chakudya mafuta. Masamba a mtengo ndi pericarp ntchito kupanga mankhwala ena (makamaka kwa zowonjezera zakudya).

Black Walnut - photophilous chomera. Ndi kutentha si makamaka wovuta. Ndi yozizira-Hardy zosiyanasiyana Komabe, zaka zoyambirira mutabzala mbewu tcheru chisanu. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba pa nthawi ino. Black mtedza kugonjetsedwa ndi chinyezi kwambiri, madzi anasefukira nthaka akhoza kulimbana pa 1.5 miyezi.

Nthaka zosiyanasiyana izi adalipo ndale kapena pang'ono zamchere. Ziyenera kukhala otayirira ndi kuphimbira. mtengo amafunika kuteteza mphepo.

"Kaso"

Kalasi mtedza, zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu nkhani iyi, zipse pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. "Kaso" amatanthauza Yapakatikati oyambirira, pamene iwo umabala zipatso mochedwa September. mtengo kufika msinkhu wa mamita asanu, ali ndi dongosolo amphamvu ndi wandiweyani, bwino leafy korona.

Mbali khalidwe la mtundu uwu - chilala ndi chitetezo chokwanira achilengedwe matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo. Zomera sangalekerere chisanu amtengo: mitengo ndi maluwa masamba amakhudzidwa yekha pa frosts amphamvu.

The mbewu choyamba adzaoneka m'chaka chachisanu. Mtengo umodzi umabala pogwiritsa zoposa makumi awiri a zipatso ndi kukoma zabwino. Kulemera pachimake - magalamu 11.

"Yobala zipatso"

Ndi mtengo wokongola wamtali (mpaka mamita 6 kutalika), ndi monzama korona. Fruiting ambiri akuyamba m'chaka chachinayi. Mid-kalasi amatanthauza monga mtedza okhwima mu mochedwa September.

Kalasi zimoustoychiv ndi ofooka tcheru tsamba banga ndi matenda ena. Iwo ali zokolola zabwino zonse. Ndi mtengo umodzi kukolola za makumi atatu makilogalamu wa zipatso. Kore ndi kukoma kwakukulu, masekeli magalamu 9-11.

"Izobilnyi"

Ena mitundu ya mtedza anayamba kubala zipatso kale pa chaka chachinayi. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi - "wochuluka". mtengo uli msinkhu pazipita mamita asanu. zosiyanasiyana Izi salola kutentha pansi pa ziro, choncho sayenera anabzala mu kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Tikumbukenso kuti kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda sizachilendo - bulauni banga.

Mtedza anapanga masango - 3 aliyense wosabadwa. Nthawi zina mulu pamwamba mtedza eyiti kapena kuposa. Wood ali mkulu zokolola - makilogalamu 30 a mtedza ndi pakati misa magalamu 12. zosiyanasiyana Izi anakonda kwambiri ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwakukulu.

"Giant"

Walnut mitundu "chimphona" ndi pang'ono lofanana ndi "abwino", koma fruiting nkhuni umene umabwera mu chaka chimodzi. mtengo wamango modziwika kudya ndi kufika msinkhu wa mamita asanu. Iwo ali korona wokongola, anamaliza zipatso lalikulu (magalamu 10). zokolola zonse, makamaka mu nthambi apical. Popeza mitengo Akusonkhanitsa za pogwiritsa zana a zipatso, ndi chipolopolo woonda. Chipinda kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri amene ali khalidwe la mtedza (mwachitsanzo, bulauni banga).

Walnut: lalikulu-fruited mitundu

Izi sukulu ali ndi zochepa kwambiri, mwina, kotero iwo ali kwenikweni obereketsa. Ife kale ndinakuuzani inu za mitundu ya "abwino" ndi "mchere", sipangakhalenso bwinobwino amati ndi lalikulu-fruited.

zosiyanasiyana chimphona

Malinga ndi akatswiri, mmodzi wa mitundu yaikulu zosiyanasiyana "bomba" (Moldova). zipatso zake akulemera magalamu makumi atatu. Chifukwa cha khungu lakuda zipatso amenewa akuwoneka yokulirapo kuposa kulemera woona - mu muyezo galasi 250 nusu zovuta kuti agwirizane mtedza awiri.

Tsopano asayansi ntchito pa kusankha wake. Kudzipatula ndi chidwi mitundu ina - "Rudakovskiy", "Carpathian", "Bukovina 2". Panali ngakhale zosiyanasiyana anawatcha "Bukovynian bomba." Pali bwino kunachokera amanena kukula kwa mtedza Moldova.

Zipatso za mitundu yatsopano yapangidwa Ukraine, ang'onoang'ono - kulemera kwawo musalumphe magalamu makumi awiri. "Stanislavsky" Kuyenera kudziŵika ndi zabwino ozizira zosagwira mitundu, "Tula tonkokory". Iwo anapereka mtedza masekeli magilamu khumi.

"Calarasi"

Walnut mitundu akukhala otchuka osati chifukwa cha kukula kwa zipatso. Ofunika ndi ubwino ndi kukoma kwa mankhwala.
Izi mtengo wolimba ndi wandiweyani anamaliza korona. Izo limamasula oyambirira. Proterandrous ali mtundu pachimake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maluwa staminate pachimake kwa pafupi masiku asanu kale pistillate. Kuti tichite zimenezi, yabwino pollinator mtengo - kalasi "skinossky".

Mtedza lalikulu kwambiri. Kulemera pafupifupi zipatso umalandira magalamu khumi ndi anayi. mawonekedwe ndi ozungulira, pang'ono ribbed, ndi pamwamba anamaliza ndi lathyathyathya pansi. Chipolopolo si zoonda, wandiweyani. Ngale waukulu, pamene wosweka mtedza olekanitsidwa kwathunthu. Filimu chikasu pachimake. Phata la wochuluka, ndi kukoma zabwino.

"Minowa Memory"

Osati zonse mitundu ikuluikulu-fruited wa walnuts zili ponseponse m'dziko lathu. Mwachitsanzo, wokongola kalasi pafupifupi kukhwima. Adzaupereka kwa mitundu ikuluikulu-fruited wa mtedza.

mtengo wamango mofulumira, ndi amphamvu, ndi chisoti cha kachulukidwe sing'anga. Maluwa gomogamnoe. zipatso zipse makamaka pa nthambi apical. Fruiting zonse amabwera mu chaka chimodzi mutabzala. Walnut lalikulu-fruited mitundu ya "Minowa kukumbukira" ioneka pang'ono flattened, slaborebristy. Unyinji avareji phata la - magalamu 15,2, pazipita - 18,5 magalamu. Mtedza chipolopolo ali wochepa thupi, wochindikala - 1.0 mm. kalasi zikugwirizanirana mitundu chodyera.

Tapititsa ndi mitundu zabwino wa walnuts. Ndithudi, izi si ndandanda. ofuna zomera ndi zipatso zawo zonse, onetsetsani kuti sakatulani mabuku pa munda, umene nthawi zonse lofalitsidwa kufotokoza novelties wa obereketsa Russian ndi achilendo.