Tsar Ivan Grozny. Wambiri ndi ulamuliro

Ivan Grozny anali mmodzi wa anthu amene achoka chizindikiro chogwirika mu mbiri ya boma Russian. Childhood ndi zaka za ulamuliro wake anali odzaza ndi intrigue, chiwawa ndi kulimbirana. Panthawi pamene iye anali pa mpando wachifumu, pang'ono kusintha kwa zachipembedzo ndipo asilikali anali ikuchitika. Choncho Ivan Grozny ndani?

yonena wake ladzaza mavuto ndiponso kugonjetsa. Amasiye ana aang'ono (bambo wake anamwalira iye ali ndi zaka zitatu ndi mayi wa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri), anakhala chikhalidwe cha osaleka yolimbirana mphamvu. Ndipo chifukwa anali Woyesana waukulu wachifumu, anakhala unwitting wovulalayo kapena anagwirizana a anapha. Only mu 1547, Ivan mwalamulo anakwera wachifumu. Ngakhale anapatsidwa unyamata wake, anadza mchikakamizo Glinskikh mafumu. Mu chaka chomwecho panali chipolowe, amene anasiya pa utsogoleri wawo mwamwayi. Unikirani wamng'ono mfumu anakhala wakeyo wauzimu Sylvester. Wamagazi ndewu ndi kupanduka zoipa kwambiri anazindikira zazing'ono Ivan Grozny. Wambiri ya kubadwa kwake anadzazidwa ndi zinthu zimenezi.

Aopseze mfumu wamng'ono, Sylvester anamuika kulapa ndi kuchotsa dziko aphungu oipa. Pa anaumirira lake, anali osankhidwa wachimwemwe watsopano amene anatenga mbali ya ufulu wa boyars lapansi. Mu 1550, Ivan analapa ndipo anakhazikitsa mtendere ndi boma. Latsopano wokondwa kulandira madandaulo onse ndi kulanda ndi racketeering. Panthawi imeneyi, pakhala kusintha malamulo a dziko. Zinali remade Chilamulo, malamulo a milandu. Iwo unayamba ndi dera lawo wodzilamulira ndi kusintha pa miyambo ya chipembedzo ndi miyambo wowerengeka ndi yoyendetsa mpingo.

Pa nthawi yomweyo zinachitika ndi kusintha asilikali Ivana Groznogo. Mfumu anagawa dziko mu amachepetsa awiri: zemshchina ndi oprichnina. Oprichnina anali yekhayekha pa ntchito m'maganizo. Mpheroyi madera ambiri anayamba ya boma. Olemekezeka, amene analowa oprichnina anakakhala pa dziko lake, ndipo eni mayiko amenewa anali atabwerera ku zemshchina. Pa Oprichnina minda ati asilikali oprichnina. M'dziko lino ine ndinali Duma ndi malamulo.

Oprichnina asilikali anakhalabe pa requisitions ndalama kuchokera Zemsky dziko. Iyo inali yaikulu. Oprichniki anadalira devotedly kokha komanso mokhulupirika mfumu. Pakuti ichi analoledwa adzafunkha ndi kuchita kuba. Ndipotu, Ivan Grozny analenga Chilango zigawenga ananamizira ngati zolinga zabwino. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti mantha misa ndi chilango osalungama.

Ambiri anali osakhutira ndi boma la zochitika mu dziko. Boyars mlanduwu kupemphera kwa mfumu kukapempha chiyembekezo chakuti a oprichnina lapansi. Koma poyankha, kenako miyeso Chilango ndi instigators lapansi. Mu 1571 Moscow anazungulira Khan Devlet Giray. Zinali vuto la asilikali ankhondo. Mu mzinda wa Khan sanali m'gulu, koma anatentha pafupifupi pansi. Mambo ndikuganiza za anaiyamba oprichnina asilikali. Kuyesetsa anzake a kumidzi ndi oprichnina asilikali Khan anagonjetsedwa. Pambuyo kuti Ivan Grozny wosalira oprichnina, ndipo analetsa amatchulanso mawu.

Za zinthu zonse kuti awonekere, amene akafuna Ivan Grozny. Wambiri ya mfumu, zinthu zonse zimene zinachitika pa moyo wake, kuyankhula za chikhalidwe chake wopondereza. Yosamalira dziko, anapanga kwambiri cha zolakwa, onse mu ndondomeko zoweta ndi achilendo.

Pofika kumapeto kwa ufumu wake, mfumu modzipereka walapa zimene anachita. Koma mantha wina kupulumuka Ivan Grozny. yonena ake adzakhala kubwezeretsanso chinthu china wamagazi. Mu atakwiya anapha mwana wake yemwe ayenera kukhala m'malo mwake. Mwana wachiwiri wa Ivana Groznogo sangathe kutenga pa ulamuliro. Izi potsiriza inasokoneza mfumu.

Pa boma Ivana Groznogo anatsatira positive. Adakonza yosindikiza ndi anamanga St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Tikhoza kunena kuti ulamuliro Ivana Groznogo anali mmodzi wa chidwi kwambiri ndi zachilendo.