The mtsinje Oder - waterway ku Ulaya

The Oder Mtsinje (Odra mwinamwake iko) mitanda Ulaya. Wasefukira mwa Czech Republic, Poland, Germany ndi imaphwera mu nyanja ya Baltic. m'litali ndi makilomita 912. The makhwawa yaikulu - ndi Velze, Tyva, Varta, Burd, Opava. mzindawo pa magombe - Ostrava Raciborz, Wroclaw, Opole, Szczecin, Kitz, Frankfurt ndi der Oder, Schwedt. Mtsinje Oder amakhala ndi kudya wosanganiza: chisanu ndi mvula. Madzi ake - zosiyanasiyana waukulu wa nsomba; carp, Pike, mlamba, mumapezeka nsomba, nsomba, njoka yam'madzi ndi ena.

Oder Mtsinje pa mapu

Oder limatulukira Sudeten Mountains. Amaunjika pa mtsinje panopa amaika mumsewu njira m'chigwa European Central, yamakhonde chigwa n'chachikulu kwambiri, nthawi zina 10-20 Km.

Kudutsa pakamwa Lusatian Nisa Oder yomweyo zambiri kwa mamita 250 ndipo olemera. Pa njira yake anapanga ndi kuchuluka kwa zilumba. Coast amakhala ngati mitengo kuteteza m'mayiko zaulimi ku osefukira. Pambuyo 84 Km from chiyambi cha Oder mtsinje ukugawa mu nthambi awiri (kutumiza - West). Wasefukira mu nyanja ya Baltic, ndicho mu Szczecin Inlet (zotchedwa lagoon).

mtima Mtsinje

Kwa Oder m'chaka nthawi anati apa chigumula. Chilimwe, yophukira yodziwika ndi kusefukira kung'anima, yozizira - kuchuluka zili madzi. Mu frosts aakulu mtsinje amaundana.

Nthawi zambiri monsemu, kusefukira kwa madzi analenga zinthu zoopsa. Nthawi zambiri kwathunthu anapita pansi m'madera madzi yaikulu ya zaulimi, anavutika midzi. Pa dziko, akukhala pa magombe a mtsinje capricious, anamutcha dzina lake. Pakuti Germany ndi Oder, Czechs, Poland - Odra. mtsinje - ndi Kashubian zidebe luzhichanskaya Vaudreuil. Medieval Latin dzina - Viadrus ndi Oder. Maziko a mitundu yonse ya mawu "hadron" kutanthauza "madzi kutuluka".

Mbiri ya mtsinje

Ngakhale mu moyo wa wakale Aroma Oder iye anachita mbali yaikulu. Iye anali malo Amber Road, kuchokera kugombe la Amber Baltic uperekedwa Mediterranean. Zinali malonda zofunika njira ndi mafuko Germany.

Mu Middle Ages, chitukuko cha malonda Athandiza kumanga mizinda yambiri pa magombe a Oder, mtsinje unali mtsempha wamagazi zofunika European. Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XIII, kuteteza olimapo, mzere iye chokwera damu choyamba.

Kale m'zaka za m'ma XVII anayamba kumanga yogwira njira, ndi mtsinje Oder chikugwirizana ndi mtsempha wamagazi zonse zofunika European. Waukulu njira - Oder-Spree - inamangidwa zaka 1887-1891, kutalika kwa pafupifupi mazana makilomita.

Kale mu 1919, nkhondo itatha, Pangano la Versailles ali kumatanthauza malire panyanja pa Oder.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse

Pakuti German Army Oder mtsinje 1939-1945 iye anali mpanda wina, kumbuyo mzere. Waterway wakhala yofunika njira malo.

Mu 1945, pa Vistula-Oder ntchito asilikali Soviet wopereka Kuoloka kwa Oder Mtsinje. Ndi pano, ndipo anayamba kuukira mokwanira Berlin. Chifukwa, mgwirizano wa Berlin ntchito anakwanitsa akugonjetsa Nazi Germany.

Lisanaperekedwe, mu 1943, pa Conference Tehran, odana ndi Hitler Mgwirizano anatsimikiza malire a ku Ulaya pambuyo pa nkhondo. Chizindikiro malire pamodzi Oder pakati Poland ndi Germany.

The mtsinje Oder ku Germany

Mmodzi wa malo ofunika mafakitale Germany mzinda wa Eisenhüttenstadt. Iwo lili kumene Oder chikugwirizana kwa Spree German. dzina mudzi wa anamasuliridwa kuti "mudzi wa mphero chitsulo." Kuyambira kale, pali zambiri zitsulo mphero.

Frankfurt ndi der Oder lili East Germany ndi mtsinje ali m'mphepete mwa Polish Slubetskom. Popeza XIX atumwi akale Prussian Frankfurt ndi der Oder anali zofunika kwambiri malonda, zinali pakati pa msewu pakati Berlin ndi Poznan. Pa WWII mzinda lowonongeka ndi anawazunza ndi Anazi, ndipo lake kumene anamangidwanso pambuyo pa nkhondo. Tsopano izo zikuwoneka ano.

Kusodza Germany. zachilengedwe

mitsinje yonse likuyenderera mu Germany, basi lokhala ndi nsomba, koma nsomba pano - si kophweka. Sangathe kutenga basi nyambo ndi kupita kumtunda. Lililonse nsodzi ayenera kugula chilolezo ndi kulandira akhoza yekha amene anamaliza maphunziro si wotchipa nsomba, Ine Mwapambana mayeso ndipo analandira satifiketi. Aliyense ayenera kukhala ena club ndi nsomba okha zinthu zina mwapadera kutchula. Mu amatunga payekha mukhoza nsomba amalipiritsa, laisensi si chofunika.

Mitsinje ya Germany amaonedwa kukhala aukhondo mu Europe. The molondola ndi pedantry Germany, chizindikiro chawo chifukwa chake. The mavuto waukulu mkatimkati kukhalako kwa GDR, pamene ntchito yomanga zomera zimbudzi mankhwala si ndalama zokwanira. Tsopano zachilengedwe ali akuchenjeza chifukwa chirichonse, vuto anaweramuka, mitsinje onse Germany akhala zotsukira kwambiri. The Rhine, omwe anali kale amatchedwa "kuchimbudzi kwa Europe", anthu ochuluka kupita nsomba ankaona kuti madzi aukhondo.