Special ndi wothandiza amalanga mbiri ndiponso udindo wawo kafukufuku mbiri

Azambiriyakale musati amapeza nzeru zawo zakale balamanthu. Pali nthambi zambiri sayansi mbiri, kumalimbikitsa kuphunzira nthawi yeniyeni m'mbiri ya anthu. Kodi ntchito imeneyi ndi mmene iwo kuthandiza mbiri yakale kumvetsa m'mbuyomu?

Gulu la amalanga mbiri

Kwa ambiri a iwo anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "wothandiza chilango mbiri yakale." Conventionally, iwo anawagawa m'magulu awiri. Choyamba ndi odzipereka pa kuphunzira osiyanasiyana magwero kuti mbali ina iliyonse. Izi wothandiza amalanga mbiri monga archaeography, mbadwo, archival, asayansi ofufuza, mbiri yakale metrology, epigraphics, papyrology nthaŵi, kalembedwe. Mwachitsanzo, wakhala kuphunzira dongosolo limafotokozera kachitidwe, amene ntchito osiyanasiyana magwero olembedwa. Mbiri mayunitsi maphunziro metrology kulemera, kutalika, ndi makhalidwe ena amene analipo m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Popanda, ife tikanakhala chodziwikiratu kuti athe kulingalira chomwe pud, mapaundi kapena luso, zinalembedwa ambiri magwero kudziwika olembedwa. Akatswiri mu chidwi epigraphy yochepa kulemba zili - pa miyala, handicrafts, makoma a nyumba etc.

Gulu lachiwiri zikuphatikizapo amalanga zoyenera kuphunzira magwero enieni, koma nthawi yomweyo amaona kuchokera kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, numismatics, sphragistics, heraldry, Faleristics. Aliyense ali ndi yopapatiza phunziro la. Numismatics maphunziro banknotes (pepala ndi zitsulo), sphragistics - kusindikiza heraldry - odula manja, faleristics - mitundu ya mphoto.

Pali mawu lina - wapadera amalanga mbiri. ntchito imeneyi, yomwe ndi mbali zosiyana kwambiri sayansi mbiri. Wotchuka wa iwo - Archaeology. Ndi sayansi ndi mawu ake ndi periodization ndi osiyanasiyana magwero zakuthupi. Iwo zikuphatikizapo historiography kuti Maphunziro a chitukuko cha mbiri sayansi. Palinso wapadera monga amalanga mbiri yakale, monga ethnography, gwero, mbiri yakale madera. Ambiri, mawu ndi mu sayansi koma osati kukana - izo ntchito m'malo a mawu "thandizo" ndi kudziletsa. azambiriyakale osiyana kudziwa ufulu wa mwambo makamaka.

Udindo wa amalanga wothandiza ndi wapadera mu kafukufuku

Kodi ankaimba ndi khalidwe wapadera ndi wothandiza m'mbiri yakale Kuphunzira mbiri? Ndipotu nyumba zingatipunthwitse amapanga kadziwidwe ka kalekale. wazambiriyakale aliyense akatswiri ali kupeza ukatswiri kuti bwinobwino kufufuza nthawi yeniyeni. Choncho, katswiri wa mbiri Zapakati anayenera kukhala ndi yopapatiza asayansi ofufuza, amene amaphunzira olembedwa pamanja zipilala ndi gwero maphunziro onse. Wothandiza sayansi mbiri kutipatsa nzeru, chifukwa chimene ife pang'onopang'ono azipereka chithunzithunzi chonse cha nthawi zina. Mwachitsanzo, pamaso pa zolemba pa luso zinthu nyengo Kievan Lazaro akusonyeza kuti kulemba ambiri osati mwa otchuka, komanso pakati pa anthu wamba. Apeza ziwiya wakale ndi masitampu mu manda a wongosamukasamuka m'chigawo cha Nyanja Black tingadziwire malangizo a malonda, zomwe kunachitidwa ndi anthu woyendayendawu. Mbadwo amatipatsa chidziwitso cha zimakhalira pachibale pakati apamwamba, ojambula olamulira dynastic. Ikulu udindo kafukufuku mbiri kumathandiza nthaŵi, limafotokozera kuphunzira kachitidwe m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Popanda ife tikanangoti osati kudziwa ndondomeko ndi nthawi ya zochitika mbiri yakale.

Nthawi zambiri, gulu la amalanga m'mbiri yakale wothandiza ndi wapadera makonzedwe kwambiri. Ndipotu, aliyense wa iwo ndi mbali ya sayansi mbiri, kuthandiza asayansi kudziwa zambiri za kale.