Sitima "Mikhail Lermontov": tsatanetsatane wa imfa

Mu February 1986, ku khwalala lomwe limadziwika ndi dzina la Cook, pa gombe la New Zealand, panali kusweka ngati ngalawa: anamiza Soviet ngalawa "Mikhail Lermontov", omwe anali anthu oposa mazana asanu ndi makumi asanu. Mwamwayi, chiwerengero cha anthu amene anali ochepa. Tsoka kwa chombo "Mikhail Lermontov" ankanena moyo wa munthu mmodzi oyendetsa - injiniya Paulo Zaglyadimova reefer mayunitsi. Iye anagwira ntchito gawo, yemwe anasefukira pasanapite nthawi kuchokera ngozi. anthu khumi anavulala osiyana a mwamphamvu.

zambiri

Imfa ya sitimayo "Mikhail Lermontov" zinachitika zaka makumi atatu zapitazo. ntchito Investigative tsoka chinatenga mwezi kuposa wina, iwo anatsekeredwa osati dziko lathu komanso kunja. Komabe, pali molondola zimene zinachitika mpaka lero. Iyo inali ngozi ngalawa "Mikhail Lermontov" mwangozi zoopsa, kapena kuwonongeka - akadali dumbo munthu?

Izi vosmipalubny Soviet zapamadzi zonyamula anali mmodzi wa ngalawa opambana kwambiri anamanga pansi pa polojekitiyo 301. Bukuli linapangidwa kuti m'basimo mazana asanu ndi makumi asanu. Anamanga chombo "Mikhail Lermontov" mu sitima ku Wismar mu 1972. Iye dzina lake polemekeza lalikulu Russian ndakatulo.

Ngalawa ili mu masiku amenewo poyendera ochepa ndiye osankhika. Photos of ngalawa "Mikhail Lermontov" kawirikawiri lofalitsidwa mu atolankhani Western. Iwo adzaweruzidwa m'mene angakhalire mu Soviet Union, anthu pa izo wowerengeka kunja zonse. Komabe, kunali kosatheka kuti pa gulu lake kuti mbali yaikulu ya alionse. Komabe, kunapezeka kuti ambiri mwa anthu wamba la Soviet Union anali n'komwe kuti pali amenewa chombo - "Mikhail Lermontov".

ntchito 588

anthu ochepa kwambiri kudziwa kuti pa zapamadzi izi mwanaalirenji ku Soviet Union anali "m'bale" a dzina lomweli. Linamangidwa pansi pa ntchito nambala 588 nalowa galimotolo zombo wa Volga Mtsinje Kutumiza Company. Sitima "Mikhail Lermontov" omwe poyamba ankatchedwa "Kazbek", mwamwambo anatumikira alendo yekha Astrakhan, kuchita Mipikisano tsiku cruises kwa Moscow ndi Leningrad. Mosiyana ndi m'bale wake zambiri wotchuka, mtsinje atatu sitimayo chombo kanatuluka navigation kwa nthawi yotsiriza mu 1993, ndipo mu 2000 anali kudula mutizidutswa tating'ono.

Ndawala bwino kulimbikitsa

Mu 1962, pambuyo chida mavuto Cuba, pamene vuto lapadziko lonse kwambiri otentha, boma Soviet anapanga zinthu zingapo umalimbana, kuti ayambirenso pakati East ndi West. Mugone Soviet-Canada anayamba kumanga chombo "Alexander Pushkin", kuthamanga pa mzerewu. Sitima "Mikhail Lermontov" Nayenso anali kukhala maulendo wa USSR - United States. Iye ankaona bwino kulimbikitsa ntchito za boma la Soviet. Ndipotu chombo anagwira ntchito za mgwirizano wa mayiko, bwinobwino koitanira mu West moyo wathu Soviet.

Ku New York, tsiku la kudza kwake pa bolodi ananyamuka atolankhani oposa mazana asanu kulemba mmawa wotsatira kuti sitima hooters "Mikhail Lermontov" adali mathero a Chidani nkhondo. Achimereka akhala mwachangu kugula matikiti sitima yathu. Sitima, amene wakhala mpikisano kwambiri ambiri analogues Western sitima, posakhalitsa anadziwika mu msika lonse magalimoto anthu.

Zinkakhalira pa bwato

Pamene mzere American chifukwa cha mavuto ena, anatseka, Utumiki Morflot Atchule utuluke waukulu wa okwera imakhudzidwa pakati England ndi Australia, anatumiza chombo "Mikhail Lermontov" mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera. Photos of ngalawa "Mikhail Lermontov", anapanga asanu wozungulira ndege dziko, Tingaone mu atolankhani a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Adayenda pamadzi kuchoka ku London, anapita ambiri mwa madera okongola kwambiri a dziko ndi kubwerera ku likulu British, izo nzoona, mbali inayo. Akuti zinkakhalira pa chombo chidafika zozizwitsa. The galimoto Sitimayo ngati boma, kumene unaturuka moyo wamba, anagwa mchikondi ndi izo, atakwatiwa ndi kufa.

masiku khumi - Ulendo "Mikhail Lermontov" - ankachitira mu madola mazana asanu ndi awiri. The British adaseleula motere naye kuti kukhala pa chombo ichi nthawi Soviet mtengo kuposa okhala pa dziko. Ndipo ine ndiyenera kuti mfundo imeneyi sanali makampani Western sitima, kotero iwo satero basi anapanga mitundu yonse ya provocations. Ndipo chifukwa panalibe buku limodzi kwa ngalawayo kuti "Mikhail Lermontov" Amira gombe la New Zealand si mwangozi, koma ndi munthu zolinga njiru.

Last ndege: Chronicle

Pamanja February 1986 pa firii koloko Soviet vosmipalubny yowoneka zapamadzi anatuluka New Zealand Picton. Sitima "Mikhail Lermontov", kuthawa wotsiriza amene anaima pa khomo la Mfumukazi Charlotte Khwalala pa bolodi anali kunyamula m'basimo mazana anai ndi zisanu ndi zitatu mphambu mazana atatu ndi mamembala makumi atatu adalira. Pambuyo pa theka la ola kapitawo anapita ku chipinda chake. malo ake pa mlatho anatenga watchi kuyenda panyanja, amene anali mnzake chachiwiri, New Zealand woyendetsa komanso oyendetsa awiri. wailesi anauza okwera pa zokopa m'deralo. Pa pempho wakhala kunachokera pafupi ndi gombe la New Zealand woyendetsa Inde chombocho. Pa hafu zisanu zapitazi chombo anaika Inde adatuluka m'nyanja lotseguka.

Mwadzidzidzi, katswiri woyendetsa anauzidwa kuti atenge lamulo zowongolera kumanzere madigiri khumi. Watch kapitawo anati lingafanane, ndi zapamadzi kusintha Inde, adabwera khwalala yopapatiza inali pakati pa Jackson ndi Cape yowunikira sasinthasintha Rock. Chachiwiri mwamuna Gusev anauzidwa kuti madzi Tingaone breakers.

Pa funso la chifukwa anali anasintha, New Zealand woyendetsa, kuyenda panyanja maso S. Stepanischeva anafotokoza kuti amalola okwera kuwona kukongola kwa Cape Jackson.

Pa maola khumi ndi maminiti sate eyiti ngalawa "Mikhail Lermontov" pa liwiro la mfundo khumi kwinaku ndikulimbana ndi khwalala. Patapita maola awiri ndi theka atachoka ku doko la Picton bwato kwambiri pafupi wina wa miyala kuti nthanozi, kunali kotheka kwa mufikira ndi nthambi za mtengo kukula pa promontory thanthwe. Koma nthawi ndi mmodzi wowongolera anatha kusintha ndi kutembenuka.

Koma mwadzidzidzi ngalawa pa liwiro zonse magalimoto mu thanthwe m'madzi. Sitima "Mikhail Lermontov", chithunzi pansi limene pali umboni za kuvulala ambiri anali holed mamita khumi yaitali. Komanso, bulkheads watertight akhala asokoneza mwa ngozi. Koma inertia chombo anapitiriza kupita patsogolo. Captain Vorobyov, pomwepo anaonekera pa mlatho, anayamba kulamulira mu manja awo ndipo anaganiza kutaya zapamadzi pa sandbank ndi ili Bay wa Port nyanga.

nkhawa

Apaulendo pa nthawi ya kugunda kapena osazindikira. Iwo anasonkhana "Mikhail Lermontov" okonzera zoimbira za zapamadzi lapansi. Sitima, ngozi yomwe ankati moyo wa munthu wina, pa seventini makumi asanu kale madigiri mayina. Mwamsanga pamene Alamu analengeza. Ili pa mlatho kapitawo inanena kuti zitseko watertight battened pansi. Koma sizinathandize. madzi anayamba kuyenda mu chipinda m'firiji, ndi masewero olimbitsa thupi, pantries chakudya, zovala chipinda ndi nyumba osindikizira kumizidwa. Anayamba seep kudzera ndi bwino zokhoma zitseko watertight mu chipinda engine.

Mu maola asanu ndi mphindi makumi awiri, pamene timu mwadzidzidzi ayesa kutseka zipata, falitsani chombo chidafika madigiri oposa khumi. Woyendetsa sakanachitira mwina koma kupereka dongosolo kukonzekera zipangizo kupulumutsidwa. Iye pa mlatho analandira uthenga umene madzi anasefukira ndi waukulu switchboard kupereka mphamvu. Chifukwa, ndi injini chachikulu cha siteji mwadzidzidzi, ndi chifukwa magetsi anali atapita. Pa seveni koloko mu mphindi khumi sitima mpukutu anabwera madigiri khumi ndi awiri mkuluyo anauza aliyense agogowo engine.

Adalira yomweyo anayamba kuchoka okwera onse. Ine anakhoza kumupulumutsa pafupifupi onse. ophunzira ambiri a sitima ya ambiri amene anali ali patsogolo, anayenera kwenikweni kuyima pa manja awo. Patapita kuti panalibe Zaglyadimova Paulo pakati pa opulumuka - refrigeration makaniko. Malinga ndi mboni, pa nthawi ya ngozi, iye anali chabe mu kutsogolo kwa sitimayo likumira, ndipo anali otanganidwa ndi chinachake kuntchito kwake. Baibulo ayikidwa patsogolo kuti kakasi nkhonyayo, ndipo anafa chifukwa.

Tsatanetsatane wa imfa ya sitimayo

Pamanja February 1986 itafika mitambo. Pa mlatho m'mawa anali Mkulu woyendetsa sitimayo Vladimir Vorobiev ndi New Zealand woyendetsa Jamison ku doko la Picton. Professional ngati katswiri alendo, palibe chikaiko. Iye anali mmodzi wa oyendetsa atatu amene anapereka setifiketi zololera Kulumikizana ziwiya lalikulu waterway Fiordland - New Zealand malo osungirako, olimbika fjords, amene anatchuka chifukwa Nyanja Tasman. Koma ali mawu enieni izi katswiri wodziwa ndi woyenera ndipo anasankha zachilendo pa mmene mungagwiritsire vosmipalubny chombo Soviet mwa chipata chopapatiza pakati shoals ndi miyala ndi Cape Jackson. Nthawi ina, pofufuza, aŵa: Jamieson anati kuti izo zinachitika zokha. Iye ankati sanali kuphonya mwayi wosonyeza Apaulendo pafupi kukongola kwa onse Cape Jackson ndi nyumba yake kumpoto a pakhomo kuti njirayi.

The mbali luso ngoziyi

Imfa ya sitimayo "Mikhail Lermontov" wakhala maganizo. ofalitsa nkhani amva ambiri Western anayesa kupezerapo mwayi pa ngozi imeneyi, zikuoneka kukwaniritsa kuti munthu wina. Choyamba nkhani zolembedwa m'mabuku a zombo Soviet, makamaka analibe zipangizo luso.
Mwachitsanzo, boma la Britain "Times" ankanena kuti ngakhale kupulumutsidwa maboti pa "Mikhail Lermontov" anali omwe anachita dzimbiri amatseguka kuti m'basimo akhoza kubaya pansi pa mapazi awo, ndi kupsereza zovala zosalowa chizindikiro nyali.

Inde, kukomeza onse analibe kanthu kochita ndi chowonadi. Pamaziko a Paris MOU, unakhazikitsidwa mu 1982 agwirire Europe pa kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wa sitima za mayiko miyezo ya mayiko a chitetezo cha navigation, basi chaka asanamwalire la chombo, mu June 1985, ku Hammerfest izo kufufuzidwa ndi bungwe la International, mapeto umene unali wopezeka. Akatswiri anapeza kuti chombo ali mu mkhalidwe wabwino, nampatsa chosonyeza. Komanso, mu December 1985, sitima apambana chiyeso china, koma Australia. Woyendetsa akwezera mmwamba manja anga pa chikalata kuti ndemanga pa zida luso palibe.

Ndipo kachiwiri, monga mwa Paris Memorandum, ofanana ntchito doko kuti si anamasulidwa kupalasa kapena zosalongosoka chombo kuphatikizapo ngalawa "Mikhail Lermontov". Koma maboti dzimbiri ndi nyali wolakwika chizindikiro, pa chombo dongosolo zonse mabwato zopangidwa fiberglass kapena kasakaniza wazitsulo zitsulo mphamvu kwambiri. Choncho, mbiri za maboti opulumutsa anthu pangozi leaky anali zabodza. Signal magetsi sadzawotchedwa chifukwa iwo kuyatsa akakhala madzi. Pa mfundo imeneyi, tinganene kuti Baibulo la wonongeka luso la chombo kusiyiratu.

mpikisano ngozi

Mu East Germany pa sitima ku Wismar zaka zingapo kuti amange "Mikhail Lermontov" - sitima, madzi amene akhoza kuwerenga: ". Port wa kaundula - mzinda wa Leningrad ndi Baltic Kutumiza Company" Okonzeka ndi zipangizo zamakono, ngalawa sitima yomweyo anaonekera chapatsogolo zombo zonse zonyamula ya Soviet Minmorflot.

Woyendetsa chombo anapatsidwa wodziwa zambiri yapamadzi Aram Mihaylovich Oganov, amene sanapite pa ndege fateful pa zifukwa zomveka. The galimoto chombo kangapo anayenda mozungulira dziko. Iye anali kwambiri kufunika mwa alendo omwe ali wokonzeka kugula maulendo kuyenda chotengera ichi Soviet. chifukwa anali mtengo osati kuposa makampani Western, mtengo wa tikiti, komanso mkulu mlingo wa utumiki.

Version kugwirizana ndi mpikisano, nayenso, kuonedwa ndi boma, osati mu dziko lathu komanso kunja. Captain "Mikhail Lermontov" pa bwalo kunena kuti si kamodzi analandira kumuopseza wapakamwa ndi olembedwa, kuwonjezera sitimayo si zochitika zachilendo zinachitika, mpaka anapeza pansi pa migodi maginito popanda mafyuzi.

Pa ndege otsiriza Oganov anali patchuthi. Iye amakhulupirira kuti imfa ya sitima chifukwa chakuti woyendetsa sitima. Place imfa ya sitimayo "Mikhail Lermontov" kwa zaka zambiri ntchito ngati katswiri ankayenera kuti akhale bwino. Komanso, monga kapitawo, chombo Amira pa mtunda wa mamita mazana asanu pa nyanza pa akuya mamita atatu mphambu zitatu. Ndipo chotero imfa Ogan anati, sangakhale mwangozi.

mwambi woyendetsa

Jamison anali asakuoneka wa atolankhani atangobwerako kupulumutsidwa bwato anabweretsa kumtunda. Ndipo anaonekera pa chiyambi cha pofufuza, bungwe ku New Zealand Utumiki wa Transport. Iye ananena kuti tsiku anali atatopa kwambiri, chifukwa sikuti kupuma kwa masiku angapo. Komanso, monga tinapeza chifukwa woyendetsa mu ola limodzi theka musanapite ku nyanja, "Mikhail Lermontov" kumwa mowa wamphamvu ndi mowa. Kutsimikizira mlandu wake mwachindunji analephera ndipo lero aŵa: Jamieson ndi mkulu wa ngalawa yaing'ono onyamula ziweto ku Wellington kuti Picton ndi kumbuyo.

homecoming

Pambuyo pa imfa ya sitimayo "Mikhail Lermontov" ku Russia anakana magalimoto mwakwera dera kwamuyaya. Komanso, pa gombe la New Zealand kwa zaka zisanu sizinayambe palibe ngalawa wovuta.

Amalinyero, amene anali okhoza kupulumutsa oposa mazana anayi kumira okwera kuyembekezera kunyumba si ndi manja aŵiri. Mu Soviet Union anthu wotopa lankhosa pafupifupi pansi kuperekezedwa.

"Mikhail Lermontov" chilango ndi wolanda

Monga miyezi ingapo pambuyo pa ngoziyo, mmodzi wa masts chombo kumutulutsira wa madzi Cook Khwalala anafanana dzanja kuti atithandize. Ngakhale kuwuka kwa madzi amene anali mtengo ndithu chotengera akhoza kuchitika, koma Soviet Union anayamba perestroika, koma chifukwa linali chombo, anamira kutali mu Chigawo china. Koma asanafike osiyanasiyana. Sitima "Mikhail Lermontov" akadali kuberedwa. Ngakhale Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti pa ntchito mlingo boma kunachitika: m'chiyambi cha akasinja ake mafuta adatsitsa, ndiyeno, ngati ndi "Titanic", sitimayo otetezedwa, zomwe zili zodzikongoletsera olemera okwera yachilendo anaukitsidwa naye. Gold ndi diamondi adzabwezedwa kwa eni anatumiza belu Leningrad m'ngalawamo, amene kudula osiyanasiyana.

Mwanaalirenji zapamadzi kuti Amira pafupi ndi gombe pa akuya mwachilungamo osaya, chaka anayamba kulanda am'deralo. Kodi chidwi, pali mphekesera kuti chombo chidafika kwambiri asathabusa wolanda sanatiitane. Pazaka makumi angapo za "Mikhail Lermontov" anapha osiyanasiyana atatu amene matupi sanapezeke ...