Russian m'madera a zachuma, malo osiyanasiyana: malongosoledwe, makhalidwe

Russia - limati waukulu mu Africa Eurasian, akuchita gawo kumpoto kwa Asia ndi ku Eastern Europe. Mwachirengedwe, izo lili pa nambala yoyamba padziko lonse mwa mayiko. Chiwerengero cha anthu m'dzikoli - anthu mamiliyoni 146. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a boma - Malawi pulezidenti-aphungu; feduro boma. Dzina lovomerezeka wa dziko - pa Russian Federation (RF). Capital - mzinda wa Moscow.

Pulezidenti atsopano a boma ndi Vladimir Putin. Ndalama boma chimatengedwa ngati ruble Russian. dziko ili mu zone ya 11 nthawi mabacteria. Russia kulumikizanitsa ambiri angapo a mitundu, mitundu ndi zikhalidwe. anthu onse chizolowezi antchito ku azikapanga malonda. Apa ndi anthu chidwi mu mphamvu zodabwitsa. Pa gawo munakwanisa kuona zipilala ambiri ndi ubwino zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe kuti amalemekeza anthu mbiri yake.

zigawo Geographical la Russia

Russian m'dera - oposa 17 miliyoni lalikulu mapazi. Km. Iwo ali gombe yaitali pakati pa mitundu ya dziko.

mfundo Oika:

• Kumpoto - mamita Cheliuskin (Peninsula Tajmyr) ..
• Kummawa - pa-mu Ratmanova (Bering Strait).
• Kum'mwera - anali Bazardyuzyu (kumalire ndi Dagestan).
• Kumadzulo, kufika poipa ili mu dera Kaliningrad.

Russia salembedwa kugawidwa pakati pa magawo awiri a dziko - Europe ndi Asia. malire Izi Ural. madera awiri awa m'goli kukula: mbali European ali 25% ya m'deralo, pamene Asian - 75%. m'madera Russian zatenga mbali yaikulu ya ku Asia, umene mChipangano Siberia ndi Far East.

Ngati ife m'kagulu Russia wosiyanasiyana mpumulo, ndiye njira orographic, tingasiyanitsire 6 zigawo Hrs a dziko.

Western Siberia

Izo zinkayimira West Siberia Plain, mmodzi wa zigwa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Ili pa Nyanja Kara ku Chikazaki theka-chipululu cha Altai ndi Urals mtsinjewo. Yenisei. Total m'dera kumveka - okwana 2.5 miliyoni sq. Km. dera West la Russia amakhala ndi kusintha aang'ono okwera. Iwo zosiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana mamita 100-200 pamwamba pa nyanja. Pa malire a kum'mawa limatuluka 300 m. The dera lino dera ndithu chinyontho. Kuyambira onse a m'dera Siberia a dziko ndi kum'mwera kwa Russia bwino ankakhala mu, pamene ena ali mwamtheradi si abwino kapena moyo kapena bizinesi.

kum'mawa Siberia

Wina m'dera la Siberia, zomwe zimatengera chapakati Siberia Plateau. Iwo unali kum'mwera kwa West Siberia Plain. Pa mabusa kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo atazunguliridwa ndi mapiri a kum'mawa Sayan, Transbaikalia ndi dera Baikal. Kutalika pafupifupi derali - 600-700 m, alternating zitunda ndi zitunda zathyathyathya. Dera apamwamba - Viljujsky apa kufika msinkhu wa 1500-1700 mamita chimbuzi -. Kamen, kutalika 1701 mamita m'dera akhoza kukhala malo ndi paliponse Madzi oundana anafotokoza .. Yaikulu dongosolo mtsinje ankaimira makamaka ndi mitsinje phiri.

Far East

A ochepa malo osiyanasiyana m'chigawo cha Russia, anapereka Pacific gombe. Mbali 3: kumtunda - gombe chabe; peninsular - Peninsula Kamchatka; chilumba - Kuril Islands. Ali pati meridional, imadalira pa ilo Hrs makhalidwe a m'deralo. Mwachitsanzo, mbali ya kumpoto East Far lili Arctic Circle. Atatsala kum'mwera kwa Russia chisanu agonjera ku madera Madzi oundana, ndiyeno - Titafika pamalo. Zambiri dera ukufanizidwa ndi m'mapiri ndi zitunda. Ndi mbali ya woyendera nthambi zivomerezi. Makamaka ndi Kamchatka Peninsula. Amaona kwambiri yogwira zivomerezi dera. Kuwonjezera pa mapiri yogwira, kawirikawiri chodabwitsa - mapiri m'madzi, kuchititsa mafunde madzi osefukira. Kum'mwera m'dera limeneli chimakhala chogwidwa ndi oimira zomera subtropical. Ngati m'madera ena a Russia, m'dera - malo a chinyezi mkulu chifukwa cha moyandikana ndi nyanja.

Kum'mwera phiri dera la Russia

The lonse kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa gawo la Russia chakwera mapiri malire. Mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa iwo anapereka Caucasus phiri dongosolo la Altai ndi Sayan, Baikal zitunda. Caucasus Mountains wachinyamata. mapangidwe awo sanamalize, ndipo ali kuti "kukula" Mbali. The chimbuzi cha lokwera mkati 5000 mamita chimbuzi wa Caucasus -. Elbrus. M'madera ena dera limene Russia ndi owopsa. Palinso masoka aakulu angakhale kugumuka, zigumukire, zivomezi ndi thanthwe kugwa.

Ural

Mu dera lina ili monga mtsinje ndi mapiri ndi dzina lomweli. Mapiri a Ural kutambasula kuchokera kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto, oposa 2 000 Km, kuchokera kum'mwera kum'mawa - munthu pazipita 150 Km. Kuchokera pa landforms awo, m'dera lagawidwa m'madera waukulu wa Russia: North, South, Central, kumalo ozizira ndi subpolar. Ural Mountains kukhudzanso pa nyengo ya boma lonse. Iwo akhale "chotchinga", ndi musaphonye kuzizira zikuluzikulu misa mpweya dziko, potero kukhazikitsa mtundu chokhala ndi nyengo pa gawo lonse. Pachifukwa ichi, nyengo zosiyana, ndipo mu dera ukugwa mpweya kwambiri kumadzulo kuposa mbali ya kum'mawa. Major hydrological dongosolo - mitsinje yambiri, kuposa 6 zikwi nyanja ..

Russian kumveka

East European Plain (Russian) ndi umodzi wa lalikulu pa dziko. Zigawo za Russia ndi utsalira ake kwa nthawi yaitali. dzina lake chachiwiri - Russian - chifukwa chakuti ambiri gawo lagona m'kati mwamalire a dziko la dzina chomwecho. Kukula - miliyoni 4 sq. Km. M'kati mwamalire a dziko ndi ili pa Caspian Sea ku nyanja ya Arctic, pa malire a kumadzulo ya boma ku mapiri a Ural kummawa. Plain n'zodabwitsa yunifolomu, imodzi. Avereji kutalika alibe olumpha kutalika mamita 200 pamwamba pa nyanja. 6 imakonzedwa pa okwera kumveka kwa 310-340 index m. Kumeneku lasintha lalikulu anthropogenic.

magawidwe umoyo ndi zachuma

Kumbali ya magawidwe umoyo ndi zachuma kuonetsetsa zigawo 11 pafupi mayunitsi Kupititsa utsogoleri. zigawo payokha wolemekezeka malo Hrs, mbiri, angathe gwero ndi chitukuko cha gawo makamaka mafakitale. Madera onse 11 anasiyanitsidwa ndi mbali imodzi zambiri - iwo ali zigawo ziwiri zazikulu, Western ndi kum'mawa. Mu Western zazikulu dera 7 zikuphatikizapo mbali East - 4.

• The kumpoto kwa Russia. Limodzi mwa madera ambiri m'mayiko ambiri mwa gawo European. Amakhala Vologda, Arkhangelsk ndi Murmansk m'madera a Republic of Karelia ndi Komi. Ndipo izi zikuphatikiza Nenets Autonomous District. Ndi North mbali ya boma akutchula Primorsky dera la Russia, zomwe zikufunika mwa alendo.
• Chapakati dera. Pamafunikanso likulu zigawo chotsatira Federation 12.
• Chapakati Black Lapansi dera zachuma. Ili kum'mwera kwa Central, mmodzi wa wamng'ono kukula, tichipeza m'madera 5.
• Kumpoto zachuma dera. Amakhala ndi zigawo 4 ndipo mzinda feduro - St. Petersburg.
• East-Siberia dera. A dera lalikulu chuma Russia. Pamafunikanso mu umembala wake mabwalo 3: Buryatia, Khakassia ndi Tuva, dera Irkutsk, ndi Trans-Baikal ndi Krasnoyarsk Gawo.
• Far East District. Yaikulu m'dera zachuma dera la Russia. Pamafunikanso 9 utsogoleri nzika za ku Russia.
• North-Caucasus dera. Ngakhale m'dera ali wamfupi koma amaphatikizapo ambiri mabungwe utsogoleri - 10. Republic watsopano mwachangu kumenyera ufulu wawo.
• Volga-Vyatka dera zachuma. Dera lili kwathunthu m'dzikoli ndi alibe malire kunja. Pamafunikanso: Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia ndi Kirov m'madera Mordovia ndi Mari El.
• Volga zachuma chigawo. Amakhala 8 nzika za Federation lapansi.
• Ural zachuma chigawo. Zikuphatikizapo Perm, m'madera 4, 2 mayiko - Bashkortostan ndi Udmurtia.
• Lonena m'madera a Russia, yotsirizira angatchedwe malekezero nkhani - Kaliningrad dera.