Pyotr Yershov: yonena ndi mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo. nkhani Ershov

Wachitatu zoyambirira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, Russia anayambanso kukhala ndi chidwi kwambiri pa chikhalidwe otchuka ndi folklore. M'mizinda munali magulu a akatswiri kale opangidwa ethnographic magazini. Ngakhale sukulu zasekondale lofalitsidwa ndi mndandanda wa ndakatulo ndi nkhani yochepa yomwe inayamba ndi ntchito ya ndakatulo odziwika bwino kwambiri ndi olemba. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali Peter Ershov, amene yonena adzakhala anafotokoza m'nkhani ino. Tiyeni tiyambepo.

ubwana

Ershov anabadwa mu 1815 m'mudzi wa Bezrukovo (Tobolsk Province). Chibadwire anali mwana ofooka kwambiri, choncho makolo ake, molingana ndi zikhulupiriro Siberia, adaugulitsa kuti wopemphayo pawindo pa khobiri limodzi chabe.

Pamene iye anali khumi, ntchito bambo ake akuyamba wapolisi, Anam'samutsira Tobolsk. Wolemba ndakatulo tsogolo chidwi ndi yaikulu nyumba mwala, boma la Russia wakale ndi m'chipululu Chuvash Cape, kufupi ndi kumene kamodzi nkhondo asilikali a Khan Kuchum ndi Ermak. Koma koposa zonse Peter ankakonda kupita chilungamo ambiri.

kuphunzira

Mu 1830, mnyamata sukulu ya sekondale ulemu ndi kuphunzira pa lamulo St. Petersburg yunivesite ya luso. Koma Peter Ershov, amene yonena ali mu insaiklopidia aliyense zolembalemba, anali suona mwakhama. Kodi si kuchotsedwa mwayi kokha anamuthandiza. Mwachitsanzo, pokonzekera mayeso kumanja, adaphunzitsa tikiti mmodzi yekha, ndipo kuti ndithu kugwidwa. Nditamaliza maphunziro Peter yekha kukhumudwa: "Monga wakonzekera yunivesite, Sindilankhula chinenero chachilendo. '

Humpbacked Hatchi

Mu 1833, Pulofesa Pletnev pa imodzi mwa nkhani yake ophunzira kuwerenga gawo loyamba la nthano "The Humpbacked Hatchi" lolembedwa ndi Ershov monga Inde ntchito. Aliyense anasangalala kwambiri. Pletnev kenako anasonyeza Pushkin ndi maphwando a nkhani. Aleksandru Sergeevichu adakonda kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale lolembedwa mavesi oyamba anayi mmenemo, kuti anzake: "Ngati tiziwakonda, ndiye ine ndikhoza bwinobwino kuchoka kwa mtundu uwu ntchito. Izi Ershov kwambiri lamulo la nyimbo. "

Mu 1834, magazini lofalitsidwa nkhani "Library Kuwerenga". Mu chaka chomwecho izo lofalitsidwa bukhu lapadera, zomwe zinatsala naintini ndakatulo otchuka kutchulidwa. Munthawi ya moyo wake, motero tinalisindikizanso kasanu. Anthu ambiri amene analemba za nthawi enzopangwa kutsanzira. Only okhwima Belinsky kudzudzulidwa ntchito, unali chinyengo ndi luso wowerengeka. Tikumbukenso kuti wotsutsa aakulu ankaona fakes ngakhale ndakatulo ndi Pushkin.

ntchito watsopano

Nditamaliza maphunziro, Peter Pavlovich anatumizidwa ku ntchito monga mphunzitsi kusukulu ya sekondale. Mu Tobolsk ndakatulo abwenzi ndi Alyabiev Wolemba ndi Decembrists angapo. Iye anatumiza kwa ayankhe Petersburg Odoevskogo uthenga wa ndime ndi Pushkin.

Pamene ntchito Petra Ershova amatenga mpweya watsopano. Iye analemba nkhani yochitika "Siberia Cossack", analemba nkhani ya "pothana osauka munthu" ndi ndakatulo "Suzge". Koma iwo anali ntchito wamba onse. Anthu akuyembekezera latsopano nthano Ershov, koma ngati ndakatulo iyi kumanzereku ouziridwa. Inde, maganizo a Peter anali kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anakonza kulemba epic lonse za Ivan Tsarevich.

Ambiri timadzifunsa kuti: "nkhani angati olembedwa Ershov?" Malinga ndi kafukufuku nduna - imodzi yokha. Mwina iye analemba ndi ena, koma samabwera pansi kwa mbadwa. Malinga ndi mwana wake Peter Pavlovich, wolemba ndakatulo anali Archive wa asanu ndi awiri otchuka, mabuku komanso kotheratu. Koma ali sanapezeke.

ukwati

Mu Tobolsk Peter Ershov, amene yonena ndi lodziwika bwino kwa mafani wa ntchito wake, ndinagwa mchikondi ndi Seraphim Leschovu. Iye sanavutike chifukwa chakuti iye anali mkazi wamasiye, olemedwa ndi ana anayi. Seraphim anali wokongola, ophunzira ndi othandiza bwanji angokwatira dvadtsatitrohletnego mphunzitsi. Komabe, kumayambiriro September 1939 okonda ukwati unagwiritsabe.

positi latsopano

Patapita zaka zisanu, Peter Ershov (200th chikumbutso la kubadwa kwake kuwayamikira chaka chino) anaikidwa Woyang'anira wa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi. Koma zonse ndi za maudindo ena ndinalota. Apa pali zimene iye analemba kuti Professor Peter P. Pletnev: "Mkulu wa sukulu athu anapita ku miyezi itatu tchuthi kulibe, ndipo mphekesera kuti sadzakhalanso kubwerera ku Tobolsk. Mu malo ake pali zambiri pofunsira, ndipo mmodzi wa iwo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndunayi. Nthawiyi , positi anali cholinga changa chachikulu. Ndikuganiza kuti patapita zaka 13 mokhulupirika inandipezetsa izo ndi chabwino. Kodi tikuyembekezera ntchito zanu kwa mlaliki za kulingalira candidacy wanga? "Mwatsoka, mkulu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi ndakatulo sanatero.

Pomaliza

Ershov Petr Pavlovich, chidwi zokhudza moyo umene anapatsidwa m'nkhani ino, analowa mbiri ya mabuku monga woyambitsa nthano. Wolemba ndakatulo yekha anatenga modekha, kudziwa malire ndinapatsidwa mphatso kwa iye. Iye analemba kuti Professor Pletnev: "Inu anafunsa za ntchito zanga zolembalemba? Zoyenera kunena. Mapeto ndi kusintha "Contemporary" m'manja mwa Nekrasov. Ngati pali mkonzi kale, Ndikufuna mofunitsitsa achita nawo. Koma malangizo atsopano a magazini si ine. Kwa nthawi yaitali sindinali chithunzi, monga Kulingalira mabuku ndipo anaphunzira mwachikulu amayang'anitsitsa zinthu mozungulira. Ine ndikukhulupirira kuti pa nthawi ino zolembalemba kutchuka si kwambiri wosyasyalika ngakhale wolemba untalented. Ndipo andakatulo? .. Iye anaikidwa m'manda pamodzi ndi Lermontov ndi Pushkin ... swansong Zhukovsky anamira Journal shouters, ndipo chisoni kwambiri ngati linasokonekera, ngati nyimbo Gogol ... Kuwala ndakatulo tsogolo n'chotheka mu nkhani ya kubwera kwa talente yamphamvu kuti adzapanga tikamatsatira mantha m'zaka ozizira pamaso pa mogwirizana phokoso. "

Pyotr Yershov (yonena tafotokozazi) anamwalira mu 1869 mu mzinda wa Tobolsk.