Pereyaslav Rada

Mu mbiri ya mtundu uliwonse pali mtundu wa nthawi zosintha moyo, amene amasankha njira yake tsogolo la chinakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri.

Pakuti Ukraine, palibe kukayika, ichi kunasintha Pereyaslav Rada, amene wakhala chochitika chachikulu, anapulumutsa anthu Chiyukireniya ku zipsyinjo zauzimu, chuma ndi fuko.

Patapita zaka 16-17 m'mayiko Chiyukireniya anali mu malo a Commonwealth. Iwo mwayekha umayang'anira olemekezeka Polish, akamapondereza ankalima amwenyewa, kuwayitana iwo akapolo.

akapolo a ndalama ndi zogwirizana ndi zauzimu: Masiku amenewo Orthodoxy wakhala akubisala kuyambira zolinga Polish Chikatolika anali mbali ya Ukraine lonse.

Posafuna kupirira vuto limeneli, Hetman Khmelnytsky mu 1654 Pereyaslav Rada akambirane, amene anali chomaliza kumasulidwa kayendedwe ka Ukrainians.

Ali tsarist Russia mu Don ndi Yaik kale gawo osadziwa serfdom ndi kusangalala ndi kudziyimira pawokha ena. Kudera, Cossacks boma Cossack selilo ndi amphawi Chiyukireniya, kuwapatsa anthu ufulu womasuka.

Posachedwapa, pa gawo pafupi analengedwa ndi iwo Sloboda Ukraine - dera osamukawo, kumene Cossack kaundula kuchita.

Atangotsala pang'ono msonkhanowo anakumana ndi Hetman Buturinym - mutu wa akazembe Russian, kenako ndi apolisiwo Rada, zomwe anagwirizana woyanjidwa panganoli.

Ndipo pakati pa tsiku lachiweruzo lotseguka, lomwe m'mbiri chikudziwika ngati Pereyaslav Rada. Iwo anali nawo nzika za kumudzi, anthu wamba ku madera ozungulira, maalumali, anaima pa dziko kale kupezeka kwa Commonwealth.

Hetman anapereka kulankhula chimene adachipasula kale zinandikumbutsa nsembe ambiri ndi anthu ake pa nkhondo yomenyera. Anatsindika kuti Ukrainians njira yokhayo kulimbikitsa phindu lawo zidzadziŵika ndi Russia.

Khmelnitsky maganizo anali zovomerezeka Ofisala, Cossacks ndi anthuŵa anali analumbira kwa Russian Tsar. Pereyaslav Rada mu 1654, pafupifupi kukakhalanso Chiyukireniya ndi anthu Russian, inali yofunika kwambiri mu kukula tsogolo la mayiko onse, omwe onse pamodzi kusonyeza kamba kuukira.

Kodi anachokera ku mbali ya mgwirizano uno?

Pereyaslav Pangano amapereka Chiyukireniya wamba ufulu ndi chipulumutso ku ukapolo mitundu ndi zipembedzo za Commonwealth, Chiyukireniya akulu ndi otchuka akulakalaka ntchito wachifumu Russian kulimbikitsa maudindo ake anakhala kalasi akulamulira Ukraine. Ndipo ndizo zonse angapeze pokhapokha kukhazikitsidwa kwa kudziyimira pawokha ndale mu Russia.

Boma tsarist anazindikira chisankho cha hetman Chiyukireniya, koma anatsatira mawu ake. Mayiko onse, kupatula Turkey ndi Commonwealth akanakhoza kugona zamtendere ndi Ukraine.

Pereyaslav Rada anali loyang'anira ndi asilikali zida, onse anapanga pankhondo odana Polish, ndi chisankho chake. Kachitidwe milandu amayenera kugwira ntchito pa miyambo kuzolowera chikhalidwe.

Pankhaniyi, boma tsarist anali kulamulira kutolera misonkho, limene mbali anabwera mosungiramo wake.

Pangani chisankho ichi chinathandiza kwambiri a chipembedzo si wamba, komanso kuli limasonyeza ndale, chikhalidwe ndi chuma, m'badwo wa zaka moyandikana wa anthu ndi zinenero.

Komabe Pereyaslavskoe pangano yekha mu mawu ambiri kwambiri, amasonyeza ubale Russia ndi Ukraine. Ambiri a madalitso ake anali kumasulidwa ndi zipani njira zawo, si chomwecho, kupanga tsogolo mkati ndewu ndi mikangano ndi Russian tsarist autocracy.

Kuvomereza mgwirizano umenewu nkhondo limene sikunathe pakati Russia ndi Poland, inatenga zaka zitatu.