Nyumba ya Taynitskaya ya Moscow Kremlin: chaka cha kumanga ndi chithunzi

Kwa nthawi yaitali, Moscow Kremlin imakhala chizindikiro cha dziko lonse la Russia. Nyanja yamakedzana iyi ku banki ya Mtsinje wa Moskva ili m'gulu la malo a World Cultural Heritage a UNESCO. Ku Kremlin mulibe nsanja zosasangalatsa, aliyense wa iwo akuyenerera nkhani yosiyana. Koma tiyeni tiyese kuyang'ana pa Tainitskaya Tower imodzi yokha ya Moscow Kremlin. Kodi ndi zaka zana ziti zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa ndipo ndi zomangamanga ziti?

Moscow woyera-mwala

Nkhondo yoyamba yamwala m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Moskva inapezeka m'zaka za m'ma 1800 pansi pa Great Duke Dmitri Donskoi. Anakhazikitsidwa kuchokera ku miyala yoyera, yomwe inachititsa kuti zaka mazana zotsatira zidzatchedwa miyala yoyera ya Moscow. Ndipo maonekedwe ake a Kremlin a Moscow anayamba pang'onopang'ono kumapeto kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, pamene Russian Tsar Ivan the Third inayamba kukonzanso kwakukulu makoma okhalapo kale. Iwo anatha kuwonongeka mwachilungamo ndipo sanagwirizane ndi udindo ndi ntchito za dziko laku Russia. Nyumba yotchedwa Taynitskaya Tower ya Moscow Kremlin inali yoyamba mwa makumi awiri omwe akubwera lero pamwamba pa makoma akale.

Kumwera kwa South

Zida zonse zotetezeka padziko lapansi zimayang'ana kutsogolo kumene chiopsezocho chimabwera. M'nkhaniyi, Nyumba ya Taynitskaya ya Moscow Kremlin ndi yosiyana. Kuchokera kumalire akumwera kwa dziko la Russia kunali kuopsezedwa kosalekeza kuchokera ku zigawenga za Mongol-Tatar ndi mayendedwe a steppe. Zaka masauzande angapo kuti Tainitskaya Tower of the Kremlin isamangidwe, likulu la Russia linagonjetsedwa ndi asilikali a Khan Tokhtamish. Mbadwa iyi ya Genghis Khan, yemwe analanda ndi kuwononga Moscow, anabwera kuchokera kumwera. Choncho, Muscovites analibe kukayikira za kufunikira kokhala mizere yodzitetezera kuti athetse vutoli kuchokera kumwera. Ndipo Tower of Taynitskaya ya Moscow Kremlin, yomwe zaka zake zimawerengedwa kuyambira nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Tsar Ivan III, anali woyamba mu mzere wawo. Malingana ndi malamulo a ndondomeko ya usilikali, inali kutsogolo kwa kuukira kwakukulu kuchokera kumbali ya mdani wodalirika.

Momwe Mzinda wa Kremlin unamangidwira

Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, nyumba yotchedwa Taynitskaya Tower ya Moscow Kremlin, yomwe inalembedwa m'chaka cha 1485, inamangidwa monga mbali ya linga lamakono lotchedwa Zamoskvorechye. Mutu ndi womanga nyumba womanga ulamuliro, Ivan the Third, adasankha katswiri wodziwa ntchito ku Italy. M'mabuku a mbiri yakale a ku Russia amadziwika kuti Anton Fryazin. Kremlin yatsopanoyo inamangidwa pang'onopang'ono, mipanda yakale ya zaka za m'ma 1400 inalowetsedwa ndi zatsopano. Woyamba mu zomangamanga anali khoma lakumwera la linga, monga chofunikira kwambiri poteteza mzindawo. Ndipo Tower of Taynitskaya ya Kremlin ya Moscow inali pakatikati. Zonsezi zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zonse za nthawi yake. Mkati mwake munali chitsime muchitetezo chapadera - mkhalidwe umenewu unapatsa dzina. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m'chipinda chapansi chinali chinyumba chobisa pansi pamtsinje wa Moscow. Nsanjayi inali ndi chipata cholowera ndi lochotsa strelnitsey ndi njira yokweza.

Zojambula zomangamanga ndi mbiri yakale

Nyumba yotchedwa Taynitskaya Tower ya Moscow Kremlin imadziwika ndi kuuma kwake komanso kusagwirizana kwa mitundu yake. Zili ndi zonse zofunika kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yogwira ntchito ndipo palibe chilichonse chopanda pake. N'zosangalatsanso kuti uwu ndi nyumba yoyamba ya Moscow Kremlin, komwe katswiri wa ku Italy anagwiritsa ntchito njerwa yofiira yopsereza ngati nyumba yaikulu. Mu theka lachiwiri la zana la sevente la sevente, chihema cha quadrangular kukamaliza mu chida cha Russia chinakhazikitsidwa pamwamba pa nsanja yapamwamba ya nsanja. Panthawi imeneyi, nsanjayi inali ndi ola limodzi ndi nkhondo ndi bell bell tower. Owonerera anali kugwira ntchito, iwo ankayenera kumveka belu la alamu powona moto ku Zamoskvorechye. Chifukwa cha Moscow pamtengo, malamulo oyaka moto anali ofunika kwambiri. Nyumba ya Taynitskaya inawonongeka kwambiri ndi kuphulika kwa 1812 pamene asilikali a Napoleon adachoka ku Moscow. Koma patatha zaka zitatu izo zinabwezeretsedwa.

Kukonzanso kotsatira

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zaka zoposa mazana asanu m'mbiri yakale, Taynitskaya Tower ya Moscow Kremlin siinagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna cholinga chake. Palibe yemwe anazingazinga, panalibe chifukwa chowombera adani awo. Ndipo popeza adataya chidziwitso chake, mawonekedwe ake asintha. Zipata zowatsekera zinatsekedwa, gawo la pansi pamtsinje linadzazidwa ndipo chinsinsi chachinsinsi chinatsekedwa. Nyumba ya Taynitskaya inapeza malo a chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale ndipo imakhala yokongoletsa kumtsinje wa Sofia wa Mtsinje wa Moscow.