Nthano wakale wa Rome. Nthano of Ancient Rome chifukwa ana

Pa nthano ndi chipembedzo cha Aroma ankatsatira kwambiri anthu oyandikana - ndi Etruscans ndi Ahelene. Koma pa nthano chomwecho ndi nthano ku Roma ndi umunthu wawo yekha.

Zikamera wa nthano za Chiroma

Deti la chipembedzo cha Roma ndi zovuta kudziwa. Amadziwika kuti kumapeto II - oyambirira Ine Zakachikwi BC. e. Kusamuka kwa Italy zinachitika (otchedwa anthu okhala chilumba pamaso mapangidwe boma la Roma pa izo), limene kwa zaka zingapo anakakhala Italy ndipo kenako anaphatikizana ndi Aroma. Iwo anali awo chikhalidwe omwe ndi chipembedzo.

Mu 753 BC, malinga ndi nthano, Rome anakhazikitsidwa. Ndi VIII wa VI CC. BC. e. Zinatha achifumu nthawi pamene maziko anaikidwa pa zochita za anthu ndi boma ndi achipembedzo a ufumuwo. The gulu lanuli milungu ndi nthano ku Roma anayamba mozungulira nthawi imeneyi. Ngakhale tisaiwale yomweyo kuti ndi kugonjetsa Roma madera atsopano, iwo mosavuta m'gulu nthano zawo ndi chipembedzo cha milungu yachilendo ndi ngwazi, kotero mndandanda wa milungu ndi nthano mowirikiza kudzadza.

mbali zapadera chipembedzo Roma

Monga Greece, panalibe okhwima gulu mbalume. Gods and nthano wa Rome akale mwina anaitenga ku maiko oyandikana. Mosiyana ndi chipembedzo cha Roma kuchokera Greek yomweyo chinali chapadera.

Ngati mulungu Greek - makamaka umunthu ndi anthu ndithu, makhalidwe awo khalidwe, Aroma sankaganiza milungu monga zolengedwa anthropomorphic. Kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe chipembedzo chawo, iwo sankakhoza ngakhale dzina adziwane kugonana. Agiriki anali ndi gulu la asilikali Mulungu banja lalikulu, lomwe nthawi zonse zimachitika pakati pa abale zoipa ndiponso kusagwirizana zimachitika. Kwa Agiriki, milungu - munthu anapatsidwa mphamvu zozizwitsa ndipo ali ndi makhalidwe abwino. Choncho analenga padziko iwo aura nthano.

Mtima kwa milungu ya Aroma anali osiyana. Mtendere maganizo awo, anali anthu ankhanza kapena kuthandiza anthu dziko. Iwo ali paliponse ndipo nthawi ayende munthu. Zikhulupiliro ku Roma kunena kuti kukula mnyamata kapena mtsikana ali pansi pa chitetezero cha kuchuluka kwa okhalapo Mulungu. Zinali chopunthira cha Mulungu, njira choyamba, chiyembekezo, munthu wabwinobwino, ndipo ena. Akamakula munthu wina kumanzere mulungu, pamene ena M'malo mwake, anamutenga pansi phiko lake - ndi milungu isanu ndi umodzi wa ukwati, zabwino ndi moyo wathanzi, chuma. The n'kumwalira limodzi pa ulendo wake wotsiriza monga mmene anthu apamwamba kuti pobadwa: kuwamana kuwala magazi moyo, kubweretsa imfa.

Chinthu china zimasiyanitsa chipembedzo cha Roma - ubwenzi wake pafupi ndi boma. Poyamba, miyambo yachipembedzo onse obwera ndi moyo wa banja, mtsogoleri wake - bambo. Kenako, ambiri banja ndi chikondwerero makolo anapeza kwambiri m'dziko nakhala zochitika boma.

Osiyana ndi udindo wa ansembe. Ngati Greece wakale, iwo allocated gulu osiyana anthu, Aroma anali a boma. Pakhala makoleji angapo ansembe: vestals, ndi pontiffs ndi augurs.

Chipembedzo ndi nthano wakale wa Rome ankawaona. Maziko - ndi mbadwa Roma mulungu. Mu gulu la milungu anabwereka otchulidwa pa chipembedzo Greek ndi Etruscan ndi mfundo zogwirizana ndi kuti anaonekera patapita nthawi yaitali. Zikuphatikizapo Mwachitsanzo, Fortuna - chimwemwe.

Pantheon a milungu ya Aroma

Aroma poyamba anali ndi mtima wapadera kwa milungu. Iwo sanali zokhudza banja, mulungu Greek, iwo wapangidwa ndi nthano. Anthu a Rome kwa nthawi yaitali anakana kupereka milungu yawo makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe. Part nkhani za iwo mapeto anaitenga Agiriki.

Rome ndi nthano zakale kuti mndandanda wa milungu Chiroma yaikulu kwambiri. Izi zinaphatikizapo Chisokonezo, Tempus, Cupid, Saturn, Uranus, Ocean ndi milungu ina, ndipo ana awo - ndi Titans.

The mbadwo wachitatu ndi wachinai anali waukulu ndi gulu la milungu zinali ndi 12. Iwo limagwirizana ndi Olympians mu Greek. Jupiter (Zeus) - umunthu wa bingu ndi mphenzi, Juno (Hera) - mkazi wake ndi patroness a m'banja, Ceres (Demeter) - mulungu wamkazi wa kubeleka. Minerva ndipo Juno akhala anaitenga ku chipembedzo Etruscan.

Mu gulu Roma, ndi zolengedwa m'gulu mwakukonda kukhala milungu:

Victoria - Chigonjetso;

Tsoka - tsoka;

Libertas - Ufulu;

Psyche - moyo;

Kukonda - misala;

Fortuna - olosera;

Juventas - Youth.

Chofunika kwa Aroma anali milungu ya zaulimi ndi mafuko.

Mmene Agiriki

Zikhulupiliro za Greece ndi Rome, ofanana kwambiri, chifukwa kwambiri za milungu ya Aroma anaphunzira anansi ake apafupi. The ndondomeko ya pobwereka Greek nthano kumayambira mochedwa VI - V zaka oyambirira. Kwathunthu cholakwika ndi view kuti 12 lalikulu Olimpiki milungu unatengedwa Rome ndipo analandira maina atsopano. Jupiter, Vulcan, Vesta, Mars, Saturn - mbadwa Roma mulungu, chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi Patapita Greek. Milungu woyamba anaitenga ku Ahelene, anakhala Apollo ndi Diyonisiyo. Komanso, Aroma m'gulu gulu lawo la Hercules ndi Heme, komanso milungu Greek ndi titans mibadwo yoyamba ndi yachiwiri.

Aroma anali ndi milungu yambiri, zomwe iwo anawagawa akale ndi atsopano. Kenako, iwo analenga gulu yakeyake milungu yaikulu, zochokera gulu la mphamvu Greek apamwamba.

Zikhulupiliro ku Roma: mwachidule. Gods and Zimphona

Popeza zongopeka m'nthano ya Aroma anali osauka, ochokera ambiri anaitenga ku Ahelene. Koma panali poyamba Aroma nthano, kenako anachotsedwa Greek. Zikuphatikizapo nkhani ya kulengedwa kwa dziko Mulungu Janus.

Iye anali wakale Latin umulungu, mlonda wa Kumwamba, yemwe ndi dzuwa ndi kuyamba. Iye ankaona ngati mulungu wa zipata ndi zitseko, ndi ankaimira awiri yachisoni, popeza ankakhulupirira kuti nkhope imodzi Janus anatembenuka m'tsogolo, ndi zina - m'mbuyomu.

Wina wakale Roma nthano limatiuza za chiyambi cha anthu ku thundu. Ngati Agiriki, Aroma ankalemekeza nkhalango mitengo, ndipo analenga munda wodzipereka kwa milungu, amene anagwira miyambo ya chipembedzo. mitengo zopatulika zinali mkuyu (malinga ndi nthano, nkhandwe suckled Romulus ake ndi Remus) ndi thundu Capitol, amene Romulus anabweretsa loyamba la zofunkha nkhondo.

nthano wakale wa Rome akhala zoyenera nyama ndi mbalame: mphungu, nkhandwe woodpecker. Yotsirizira ndi chopangitsa akulemekezedwa ndipo anali wodzipereka ku mwambo wa Lupercalia phwando la chonde ndi kuyeretsedwa. Aroma zimachitika mimbulu mphamvu ina yopambana mphamvu ndipo ankakhulupirira kuti munthu akhoza kuwasandutsa chinyama.

Ndi chitukuko cha chipembedzo Roma boma, milungu yatsopano ndi nthano watsopano za iwo, anatengedwa kuchokera Agiriki, Aroma ndi kukonzedwa okha. nthano wakale wa Rome m'malo mwa nkhani analipo wosazindikira za chilengedwe cha dziko lapansi ndi anthu. Iwo anapanga lingaliro kuti milungu tidalamula kuti ndifotokoze akulamulira dzikoli. Izi zapangitsa kuti zikamera wa mwambo wa Rome. Choncho, nthano ya dziko lakale limeneli m'magulu atatu: zikhulupiliro za milungu ndi zochita zawo, nthano ya ngwazi ndi nthano za chiyambi ndi chitukuko cha Rome.

Mfundo za kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzinda wa Rome

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa nthano wotchuka mu dziko. Monga Hercules kwambiri, nkhani abale, anayambitsa Rome amadziwika m'mayiko ambiri. Akukamba za kulanda oletsedwa mphamvu Amulius nkhawa kuti kutsogoloku wasankha ndikutsutsa mwana wa Numitor ufumu, ndi mphwake anapha nyama. mwana Numitor a, Rhea, analamula ansembe kuti alengeze osankhidwa a Vesta, monga Vestal anali kukhala wosakwatira. Kotero iye ankafuna kuti adziteteze ku mbewu ya Numitor, amene mwina agwirizane naye nkhondo mpando wachifumuwo.

Koma milungu wasungira Rhea tsoka lina. Anakhala mkazi wa mulungu Mars. Chaka chotsatira, iye anabadwa anyamata awiri. Ngakhale wosasangalala ankanena kuti bambo awo - mulungu, ndinali kuswa ya malamulo oletsa Vestal. Mwana wamkazi wa Numitor kuchipilalacho mu mphanga, ndi ana Amulius analamula m'ng'anjo Tiber Mtsinje.

Atumiki chisoni ana ndi kuziika mu ufa, umene pa ulendo mtsinje. Mkulu ubwenzi madzi ufa wake, nagwa pa dziko pansi pa mkuyu. Ine ndamva kulira kwa ana amene anali kukhala pafupi ndi ana ake nkhandwe ndi zinayamba kudya ana. choonetsedwa kamodzi anaona m'busa Favstul ndipo anatenga ana kwawo.

Pamene okhwima, makolo omulera anauza abale wawo unayambira. Romul Ine Rem anapita Numitor, amene anawazindikira iwo. Atasonkhanitsa mothandizidwa ndi detachment yaing'ono, m'bale anapha Amulius ndipo analengeza mfumu ya agogo ake. Monga mphoto, anafunsidwa kuti kutera pa magombe a Tiber, komwe anapeza chipulumutso chawo. Pali anaganiza kukhazikitsa likulu la ufumu wa m'tsogolomo. Pa mkangano chifukwa dzina udzabereka, Remus anaphedwa ndi Romulus.

Zimphona Aroma nthano

Ambiri nthano koma zinachokera ku Ahelene, kulankhula za anthu amene anagwira anamanganso kapena nsembe okha m'dzina la ulemelero wa Rome. Izi Romul Ine Rem, abale Horace, Lucius Juniasi, Muzio Scaevola, ndi ena ambiri. chipembedzo Roma subordinated kuti boma ndi woganizirana ntchito. nthano zambiri zakhala epic otchuka ndi kulemekeza mafumu.

Eneya

Eneya - woyambitsa wa boma la Roma. Mwana wa mulungu Aphrodite, bwenzi la Hector, ndi ngwazi ya Trojan nkhondo - kalonga wamng'ono anathawa ndi mwana ndi atate atagwa Troy ndipo anali mu dziko sakudziwika kumene Latins moyo. Anakwatira Lavinia, mwana wamkazi wa m'deralo mfumu Latina, ndi anayamba kusamalira m'mayiko Italy. Ana a Eneya, Romul Ine Rem, anayambitsa Rome anayamba.

Zikhulupiliro ku Roma ana - mabuku bwino owerenga wamng'ono

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mabuku kupeza mabuku yabwino kuphunzira nthano za anthu akale ndi zovuta. Yekha ndiye mtengo mankhwala, womwe unakhazikitsidwa ndendende zaka 100 zapitazo ndipo akadali muyezo. N. A. Kun "Zikhulupiriro Zabodza la Greece ndi Rome" - bukuli akudziwa nambala yaikulu owerenga. Lidalembedwa 1914 mwachindunji ophunzira sukulu ndi onse okonda nthano za anthu akale. Collection nthano za olembedwa lophweka ndipo nthawi yomweyo chinenero moyo, ndipo ndi wangwiro omvera ana.

A. A. Neyhardt panali bukhu chidwi "Nthano ndi Nthano of Ancient Rome", limene limapereka mfundo zambiri pa milungu ya Aroma ndipo otchuka.

Pomaliza

Chifukwa chakuti Aroma anabwereka milungu Greek ndi nthano, nkhanizi anapulumuka. Kupanga pamaziko a ntchito za luso, akale olemba Roma imatchula kwa mibadwo kukongola ndi epic Agiriki ndi Aroma. Virgil analenga epic "Aeneid", Ovidi analemba "Metamorphoses" ndi "kudya". Mwa ntchito zawo za anthu chi tsopano ali ndi mwayi wophunzira za zikhulupiriro achipembedzo ndi milungu iwiri lalikulu la limati wakale - Greece ndi Rome.