Ndicho mphamvu wapawiri chiyani? 1917

nkhani zambiri pena pamene mphamvu wapawiri kwaiye mu boma. Zifukwa angakhale osiyana zoopseza ndale, chuma ndi chikhalidwe. ndicho mphamvu ziwiri Russia mu 1917-1918 chiyani?

Nkhani ya Russian Ufumu tinganene kuti lapadera.

Kupasula tsarist ndi

1917 ku Russia ukasintha anasintha mbiri ya boma. Russian Mfumu Nicholas II kumanzere Petrograd February 22, 1917. chiwerengero cha omenya m'misewu anapitiriza adzauka akupitirizabe. February 24, panali kale 90 chikwi.

February 25 chiwerengero cha omenya kale kuposa 250,000, ndilo chodabwitsa wapadera m'mbiri ya Russian Ufumu pa nthawi. 1917 ku Russia adzacotsa mphamvu zonse lachifumu alipo.

M'khamu panali skirmishes pakati omenya Ndinkachita zimenezi chifukwa mkwiyo kwambiri ndi maganizo ndi Mfumu Nicholas II. Tsiku lotsatira, mfumu anathetsa ntchito za State Duma pamaso April 1918. Ankalimbana mzinda pakati pa asilikali ndi apolisi, zimene zinachititsa kuti zipolowe za Petrograd asilikali Regiment. Asilikali anayamba kutenga mbali ya omenya ndi zionetsero. Zimayambitsa ndi chikhalidwe cha mphamvu wapawiri ndi ophatikizidwa mu kugwa kwa ulamuliro Tsarist.

Chiyambi cha mphamvu wapawiri

Chifukwa cha kupasula wa ufumu tsarist ndi wa Ufumu wakale Russian anayamba nthawi mphamvu wapawiri.

ndicho mphamvu wapawiri chiyani? Ndi chiyani icho? Wapawiri mphamvu - pamene mu boma mu kufanana ndi paokha Chrixitu ndi amazilamulira awiri. Kotero izo zinali mu nthawi ya pakati pa February ndi October kusintha. Ndi pa February zisinthe akhoza dethrone ulamuliro pa nthawi ya Nicholas II.

Kenako awiriwo bungwe lolamulira linakhazikitsidwa: Boma wogwirizira ndi dongosolo la Soviet Union. Mwachibadwa, azikhala machitidwe ulamuliro awiri sali mu chikhalidwe chomwecho, ndipo anali prerequisites kwa kugunda kwa. Kuti afufuze ndi kumvetsa mfundo zazikulu za mphamvu ziwiri Russia mu 1917, ayenera chitani zochita za mavuto. Awiri mphamvu kumabweretsa kulimbana ambiri.

Pomenyana ndi mavuto

Pambuyo pa February zisinthe zasintha mphamvu za ndale m'dera la Russia. Kuti timvetse akamanena za mphamvu ziwiri mwambo nthawi, m'pofunika kuti atembenukire ku malingaliro andale.

Udindo wa Mensheviks anatsutsa malo a Bolsheviks ndi dongosolo Union. Mensheviks - wolemera ndi anthu olemekezeka a Russia, amene sanafune kwambiri kusintha ndale ndiponso zachuma. Iwo anakhazikitsa awo boma provisional lotsogoleredwa ndi Kerensky, ndipo ankakhulupirira kuti ino si nthawi ya kusintha kwakukulu pa ndale ndiponso zachuma. Mfumu wapita, tsopano muyenera kukhadzikika ndi kuganiza zoyenera kuchita lotsatira. Iwo sanali kumbali ya chakuti Russia ndi wokonzeka kusintha dongosolo zokomera. Iwo ananena kuti n'zosatheka pa siteji iyi ya chitukuko ndi kudzatenga nthawi.

The Bolsheviks nayenso lopangidwa ndi olimbikitsa kwa anthu, ndi kusiyana maganizo awo Malinga ndi Provisional boma. Iwo anakhulupirira kuti Russia ndi wofunitsitsa ndipo angathe kukwaniritsa ulimi zokomera, amene adzangodziwonjezera athandize ogwira ntchito yosavuta ndi anthu wamba.

Pambuyo pa April, June ndi July mavuto. Mu awiri oyambirira mavuto a Provisional Government ndipo Asovieti enzopangwa kukondera ndi kukambirana. Mu July, pamene zinadziwika kuti kanthu adzabwera kwa izo, mu Petrograd kuyamba kusonyeza ogwira ntchito ndi mbali ya Bolsheviks.

Kukwera!

Bolsheviks ndi Mensheviks poyera ananyalanyaza sanamvetse akamanena za mabodza wapawiri mphamvu. Nthawiyi, lachiwiri zisinthe moŵa ammudzi. Zinaonekeratu kuti kukondera ndale pakati pa akuluakulu a Provisional Government ndipo Asovieti n'zosatheka. Nsonga ndi patsogolo pa Provisional boma la Bolsheviks sitepe imodzi ndi kuyamba July 4 chionetsero mu Petrograd pansi pa kuyankhula, "Mphamvu Zonse kwa Soviet Union!" "Dziko Lapansi - wamba." Kodi suschnonost mphamvu ziwiri nthawi ino? mphamvu wapawiri panonso.

The Bolsheviks kutsogoleredwa ndi Vladimir Lenin zinthu bwinobwino m'dziko la zipolowe ndi zisinthe. Iwo kukatenga mawu kuti iwo akufuna kumva kuchokera kwa anthu.

Ngakhale mphamvu ziwiri Russia, dziko la funso wamba sichinayambe mwake. Wamba kwakukulukulu anakhalabe wopanda dziko lawolawo. Lenin anawalonjeza dziko.

Antchito m'mizinda ntchito mu zinthu zovuta, ndipo palibe wina anafuna kulimbana ndi mavuto awo. Lenin analonjeza kuti adzakhala yafupika ogwira ntchito nthawi ndi malipiro adzaukitsidwa.

Boma wogwirizira wapempha thandizo kuchokera General Kornilov, amene anali mkulu wa asilikali. Iye ananena kuti zikuthandizani, ndi zionetsero kukwaniritsa kanthu. Kornilov anali munthu wa malingaliro ufumu ndi kuwalandira kusintha kwa kakhalidwe ndi ndale. Wokhulupirika ndi zochepa kwakukulu udindo wa Mensheviks zinali ngati.

Komabe, Lenin ndi Bolsheviks unayamba thandizo lochuluka mu nkhope ya anthu ndi anatha kubweretsa kampeni awo chosintha mapeto, kugonjetseratu Provisional boma. Pa ulimi wa asilikali General Kornilov a m'gulu la zionetsero pa mbali ya Bolsheviks.

Kutha kwa zisinthe

Pambuyo asilikali ndinapita ku Bolsheviks, ndi Mensheviks ataya mwayi womaliza ndi chiyembekezo. Zinali chigonjetso chomaliza.

The Bolsheviks anayamba malangizo awo ndi amazilamulira. Ngakhale kuti Lenin analonjeza dziko wamba a Nsanja wawo panopa n'komwe. Komanso, mu moyo Lenin ankaona osati mwake.

Nkhani ogwira ntchito, nawonso, osati ndiyakuti. Unachititsa chakukhosi mwa ogwira ntchito, koma sikunapange zipolowe, zipolowe ndipo zisinthe.

M'tsogolo, pambuyo Chisinthiko cha Bolshevik, kanthu idzafotokoza za kusintha kwa chigawo chuma Russia.