Alonda cruiser "Red Caucasus": photos, adalira, zojambula, chitsanzo, kutalika

Soviet cruiser "Red Caucasus" linakhazikitsidwa pa "Russud" mu Nikolaev mu nthawi tsarist - October 19, 1913. Ndiye icho chinali kutchedwa "asilikali Lazarev". chombo unayambitsidwa, koma ndipo sanali anamaliza chifukwa inayamba zisinthe. Za m'chombo anakumbukira yekha mu 1927. Ndiye iye ndi anadzatchedwa ndi cruiser "Red Caucasus".

yomanga

Chirengedwe cha sitimayo pa First World nkhondo ankafunika akuluakulu a boma Chiyukireniya ndi German, mongoyembekezera anakhazikitsa kulamulira Nikolayev. M'nyengo Union, sitima yosatha anali kokhazikika. Mu 1926, msonkhano wa Council Chiwukirano usilikali, komwe anaganiza kuti apitirize kumanga. Posachedwapa, akatswiri akhala ntchito yatsopano, chimene ankayenera kuti cholinga cruiser "Red Caucasus". Zojambula anali osiyana penapake kuyambira anavomera "Russud". Mwachitsanzo, Komiti Scientific ndi luso wasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mbali ya mfuti armament, choyamba ntchito ndi zombo za Baltic zombo.

Nyumba yosatha kwa nthawi yaitali palibe amene ali kuona, choncho anayenera kuchapidwa ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza la dzimbiri. Poyamba, ntchito ikuchitika pang'onopang'ono chifukwa zolembalemba ndi mgwirizano polojekiti m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana. Pomaliza, nyumbayi anapatsidwa Nikolaev doko la zombo zapanyanja, ndi kupanga zida zatsopano - chomera "Bolshevik". Ntchitoyi yatenga nawo gulu la akatswiri a ku makampani osiyanasiyana.

sitima

"Red Caucasus" anali mbali ya gulu la kuunika "Svetlana" mtundu cruisers. Icho chinali choyamba ziwiya chopangira mphamvu nthunzi mu bulu Russian. Mu Soviet Union, mtundu wa "Svetlana" kuwonjezera "Red Caucasus", wokwatibwa ndi "Red Crimea" ndi "Red Ukraine". Choyesera ntchito chitsanzo anayamba kupanga mu 1907-1913 gg. ntchito panali chifukwa cha kumvetsa zimene zinachitikira Russian-Japanese nkhondo. Zombo "Svetlana" mtundu zinamangidwa pa sitima ya kum'mwera ndi kumpoto dziko. "Red Caucasus" analengedwa Odessa, kotero sewero lake wasenza malinga ndi makhalidwe a ulimi m'deralo.

The cruiser kuwala linapangidwa kuti reconnaissance mu squadron, kuukira wowonongayo squadron anamenyana ndi dreadnoughts. Mosiyana ndi zitsanzo bronepalubnyh, "Red Caucasus" anali ndi buku bolodi, bwino seaworthiness, kuchuluka liwiro kuyenda alikukonzeka zida zankhondo pa bolodi. cruiser kutalika wofanana ndi mamita 169, m'lifupi - mamita 15. Engine dongosolo wopangidwa ndi boilers 13 turbines 4. mphamvu zawo okwana anali zikwi 50 ndiyamphamvu. Malinga ndi asilikali a, oyendetsa sitimayo inali zigwirizana anthu 630.

adalira

Mu 30 ntchentche. Iye ankatumikira pa chombo Nikolai Kuznetsov - ndi ngwazi tsogolo la Soviet Union, asilikali, ndipo Commissar Anthu a apanyanja. Uthenga wonena za chiyambi cha gulu la Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo "Red Caucasus" anaphunzira pamene molamulidwa ndi Alexei Matveyevich Guschina - Captain 2 Udindo. Iye anasiya malo ake mu November 1942, anaikidwa ku Naval Wogwila. Pambuyo Guschina anakhala mkulu Vasiliy Nikolaevich Eroshenko amene adalamulira chombo Tsiku Chigonjetso. "Tashkent" - kuti "Red Caucasus", asogolera mtsogoleri squadron owononga.

Monga pa lililonse sitima ya gulu la cruiser pa maziko a zikuchokera yapamadzi wake. M'zaka za nkhondo "Red Caucasus" anali otchuka ambiri, chitetezo chenicheni cha lawo zokomera. A udindo kwambiri nyimbo ndi amalinyero, gunners - gunners. Mwachitsanzo, Peter Pushkarev amene ankachita nawo ntchito angapo 1941-1942. Sikuti nthawi zonse zipolopolo pa mdani, komanso kuposa kamodzi opulumutsidwa comrades chake pa moto m'chombocho, akuwuka pambuyo zipolopolo kumalondolera. Nthawi ina Makanema awa, iye ndi mnzake Paulo Pilipko chifukwa cha kulimba mtima anapatsidwa malamulo.

Pakuti mooring chombo pa nthawi ya ntchito ankafika pa chombo anayankha Captain 1 udindo V. Andreev. malangizo ake mokhulupirika anaphedwa Leo Kudish (Choyamba msilikali), mkulu Vasily Tsebrenko ndi Red dzina lake Aleksandr Chava, Alexander Zaitsev Andrei Maksimkin. Onse oyendetsa awa ndi ambiri comrades awo amene anali mbali ya gulu la "Red Caucasus", si udindo wawo kwa Mama mu masiku yamdima ya Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

Pansi mbendera Soviet

chombo, achita m'Mphamvu January 25, 1932. Iye anadzakhala membala wa Black Sea zombo. Zinali sitima otsiriza, amene yomanga inayamba mu Tsarist Russia, ndipo anatumizidwa ulamuliro wa Soviet Union. cruiser The anagwirapo ntchito yokopa panyanja. Choncho, pamodzi ndi "Paris kuyanjana" ndi "Comintern" anapita kwa Khwalala ya Kerch, Anapa ndi Novorossiysk. Mu 30 ntchentche. cruiser "Red Caucasus" linali lofunika kwambiri Black Sea zombo sitimayo.

Pa umodzi wa maulendo ake kunja pa bolodi anapezeka olemba Ilf ndi Petrov (Olemba "mipando 12"). "Red Caucasus" anasiya doko la Sevastopol, anafika ku Istanbul ndipo anapita ku nyanja ya Marmara. Mu October 1933, iye anaima m'misewu pafupi ndi mzinda Greek wa Piraeus. Pambuyo ulendo ku doko ku Italy Naples. Ndiye kutali uko, pachilumba cha Capri, anali ndi ntchito wotchuka Soviet wolemba limakhulupirira Gorky. amalinyero angapo anapita wolemba kuyendera. The cruiser "Red Caucasus" anabwerera Sevastopol pa usiku wa November 7, madzulo a tsiku la October kuukira boma.

utumiki anapitiriza

Pamene Spanish Civil nkhondo, boma Soviet pakutoma, kutumiza ndi squadron mu Bay a Biscay. Mu zikuchokera koyamba anali membala ndi cruiser "Red Caucasus". Adalira anali kukonzekera ulendo wautali, koma pa mphindi yotsiriza msonkhano chinathetsedwa. Mu 1937, chombo kukodwa mu mkuntho mu Nyanja Black. cruiser sanali anavulala, koma oyandikana ziwiya nsomba samaganiza kuti mkuntho. Popanda amacheza umodzi owonjezera miniti, oyendetsa za "Red Caucasus" anabwera kupulumutsa muno. Asodzi ku bwalo la "Komsomolets" ndi "Peter" anapulumutsidwa. Sami chombo kumira.

Komanso mu 1937 ndi cruiser kuwala "Red Caucasus" anali kukonzanso wopita, umene unatha zaka ziwiri. Madzulo a Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, kusinthidwa chombo nawo Zochita angapo a Black Sea zombo ndi Odessa usilikali District. Iwo amakwaniritsa ankafika chivundikiro pafupi Yevpatoria.

chilimwe 1941

Mu June 1941, chombo chidali nkhondowo phata la Black Sea zombo. Choncho, pa tsiku loyamba la nkhondo, amalinyero anayamba kukonza chinyezimiro kunyanyala Aroma omwe ankalamulira dzikolo German. Pakuti ichi ankachitika minefields. An ntchito zofunika anapatsidwa lamulo poyatsira. Pa June 23, cruiser analumphira Mph 110. projectiles onse koma (asokoneza) inakhazikitsidwa malinga ndi malangizo - wina ndi imeneyi ya masekondi sikisi. M'sabata ziwiri lotsatira, anthuwo anakhala angapo ntchito kwambiri zimenezi.

Mu July alonda cruiser "Red Caucasus" ngati gulu la zombo zisanu (pamodzi ndi cruiser ndi "Red Ukraine", komanso owononga "Akhoza," "savvy" ndi "wanzeru") anachoka Novorossiisk. chombo anakhala kumeneko miyezi iwiri. September 10 anauzidwa kuti apite ku Odessa kuthandiza kutsogolo-mzere zokometsera mumzindawo. Malinga ndi chigamulo cha kasamalidwe zombo chombo ololedwa kulowa doko gombe. Alonda cruiser "Red Caucasus" amayenera kukhala m'dera la Arcadia - Big Kasupe. Iye anafika m'dera chombo chidali pansi womenya kuperekezedwa.

Pakali pano, cruiser anaukira ndi ndege mdani. zipolopolo angapo zipolopolo kuchokera zoponya mabomba a, waponya ochepa mamita dazeni kuchokera m`chombo. "Red Caucasus", ngakhale kusokonezedwa ndi shelling m'mudzi Ilinka zimene zidali mbali imodzi ya mdani. Poyankha chombo chidali pansi moto kuchokera mabatire German. Pozindikira ngozi za nkhaniyi, mkulu anabweretsa m'chombo kuchokera zinkakhala m'dera. Similar firefight mobwerezabwereza kangapo.

thandizo Odessa

Wina August 25 Front anali pafupi ndi Odessa. The Germany anayamba shelling doko ndi zogona madera amphamvu zida zankhondo losatha. Pa September 9, Black Sea zombo kasamalidwe analamula yokonza ankafika pafupi Odessa. Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti pa ntchito ndi akugwidwa kapena kuwonongedwa batire mdani, chikuopseza mzindawu. Makamaka 3 sitima Regiment analengedwa kuti litsatira ndondomeko Sevastopol. Koma ankafika amphibious asilikali ake ndi akazembe analibe zinachitikira. Choncho, anaganiza kuti opaleshoni kuti agwirizane ndi cruiser "Red Caucasus". Photos chombo anagwiritsidwa angapo zikalata ndodo wachinsinsi - tizidalira ndi amayembekezera.

Kuyambirira Zochita zokhudza cruiser zinachitika m'ma September. ankafika Izi anauika kwa manambala 21. chombo anatenga asilikali mu Cossack Bay. Pambuyo pake, ngalawayo kuti Grigorievka, kumene kunali ndegeyo. Imodzi naye "Red Caucasus" ndi owononga anatsegula moto pa gombe. ntchito sanali popanda chochitika. Mosazindikira, m'modzi wa asilikali inagwedezeka ndi aft cockpit ndi grenade a. Kuvulaza anthu 16. Komabe Tikufika sichinachitikepo, zinali bwino zombo Soviet.

Angachitsekereze Sevastopol

Mu October 1941, gulu la asilikali ku Crimea, umene wazunguliridwa ndi asilikali a ku Germany. Pofuna kunyamula anthu ntchito ngalawa, kuphatikizapo cruiser "Red Caucasus". Adalira pa bolodi Amira mfuti odana ndege, magalimoto, mfuti za makina, mabomba ndi zina zotero. D. Transport zinachitikadi mofulumira chifukwa anaopseza imene yatsala pa ntchito ya Sevastopol. Mwachitsanzo, pa October 23 ngalawa inali kwathunthu 73rd Anti-ndege Regiment, umene uli kale pa tsiku lotsatira tidakocheza ku Tuapse. A okwana oposa khumi evacuations amenewa.

Pamene November 2 Luftwaffe ndege anagwira mabomba chachikulu cha zogona malo a Sevastopol ndi doko ake pamalo abwino zofunika, chikwangwani ndipo anagunda cruiser "Red Caucasus". List ogwira ntchito moyenerera m'gulu la gulu la ngwazi za Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Ngakhale vuto yovuta kwambiri, amalinyero sanataye mtima ndi ndayesera kuti ndizichita chirichonse kuchipereka kuposa china kuwonongeka. Pa nangula pa doko chombo anatsegula moto pa ndege mdani mabomba mzinda. Sevastopol anatha amakhulupilira wazingidwa kwa zikomo angapo miyezi kwa thandizo la zombo za.

Tsiku lomwelo, mabomba awiri anagunda ataima pafupi cruiser "Voroshilov", umene kwambiri kuonongeka ndi n'zofunika kukonzedwa. The gulu la "Red Caucasus", monga mwa dongosolo la kasamalidwe zombo, anapita kupulumutsa chotengera anavulala ndi comrades wake mu utumiki. Kuonongeka "Voroshilov" anatengedwa mu chingwe chabwazi, amene analimbana panjira kangapo. Komabe, kayendedwe anapitiriza. Cruisers zambiri pansi zoponya mabomba kuukira. "Red Caucasus" ntchito limodzi bwino odana ndege mfuti pa mdani aliyense likuyandikira. November 4 "Voroshilov" pambuyo mpandawo akhoza adzayambanso kulamulira, ndi kumakoka adapachikidwa. Usiku womwewo ku doko la Tuapse tinakumana kubwerera cruiser "Red Caucasus". Model chopangira mphamvu nthunzi chombo, ngakhale nthawi yaikulu ya opareshoni anali otetezeka ndipo nkukhalabe ntchito. Pambuyo refueling chombo anabwerera Sevastopol.

Tikufika ntchito mu Feodosii

Iwo anayamba Nkhondo ya Kerch Peninsula ndi Red Army kumapeto kwa December. Utsogoleri Soviet anaganiza kuthandiza anazinga Sevastopol, anafika ndi chimadalira lalikulu la asilikali a kum'mawa kwa Crimea. ntchito panafika bwalo Azov-Black Sea zombo ndi Black Sea zombo, kuphatikizapo cruiser "Red Caucasus". Paper okonzeka pa likulu, zinadziwika kuti zombo u kanthu adzakhala chinthu chachikulu kupambana kapena kulephera kwa koyamba gawo la ntchito.

Cruiser anapita ku nyanja pa December 25. Iye ndi wowonongayo "Nazamozhnik" amayenera zida zankhondo moto kupondereza yowotcha mfundo mdani ndi batire, motero akuthandiza asilikali. The Red Army, nawonso, pa maboti kulondera ndipo gunboats anafika pa mlatho pafupi ndi mapiri Opuk. Posakhalitsa, malinga ndi dongosolo, dera ntchito anabwera cruiser "Red Caucasus". Adalira, dzina salakwa m'gulu mndandanda wa ngwazi nkhondo, wina woyandikana sanapezeke. A maola ochepa chombo adayima, kuyembekezera malangizo. Potsiriza unadza dongosolo moto pa gombe mu Opuk mapiri. Ngakhale nyengo usiku anali yabwino kwa ikamatera, ndi ndegeyo sizinayambe (kunapezeka kuti sanachoke Anapa), ndi cruiser anabwerera Novorossiysk.

December 28 asilikali a Red Army (za wina ndi zikwi theka) Atengedwa pa bolodi, komanso makina, kuphatikizapo magalimoto. 29 "Red Caucasus" monga mbali ya gulu la zombo pafupi Feodosia ndipo anatsegula moto pa mzinda mdani azigwira. Ikayamba izi Troopers anayamba yojambula wake ku doko nyanja.

ankafika

ziwembu zingapo ndi gulu la cruiser kuti moor kwa kumsika analephera. Pali kupanda zinachitikira oyendetsa wamng'ono pogwira ntchito zoterozo mu usiku lolemera. Mooring anakwanitsa kuchita popanda thandizo la tugboats. Izo zisanachitike, woyendetsa Goushchin anali amachita angapo pankhondo. Cruiser anafotokoza mdani, amene anapeza chombo matope ndi zida zankhondo moto. Chipolopolo choyamba anagunda kinobudku kumene moto chifukwa akayaka utoto. Mapale litadzala m'chumunicho. Zowawa foremast.

chipolopolo wina anagunda nsanja yachiwiri, pomwe kuphulika kunachitika, ndipo alipo angati oyendetsa zatha. Apa ndi apo panali m'matumba a moto chifukwa Kulumikizana zowonongeka ndi utoto poyatsira. Kuopseza kowopsya kunagwa moto kwa m'chipinda chapansi kumene anapitiriza zipolopolo. Ngati izi zachitika, sitima ndi imploded. Choncho, amalinyero nkhondo moto ndi kudzipereka pazipita, kuika miyoyo yawo. Ambiri akhala amayaka yoopsa kapena poizoni utsi.

Chitsanzo cha chotero sikuti zinali mchitidwe wa Red Vasiliya Pokutnogo. Iye anali gunner turret napeza mlandu akupsya thireyi chikepe. Chifukwa cha iye, kuopsezedwa ndi kunapezeka kuti lonse "Red Caucasus" (cruiser). Pokutny musawope ngozi ndipo iri yofulumira ku projectile moto. Kulichotsa ilo mu ndichikepe, yapamadzi anasamukira ku khomo la nsanjayo Komabe, anavutika amayaka kwambiri, anagwa mwachindunji pa katundu wake. Comrades, amene anali pafupi, anaona moto ndipo anathamangira kuthandiza. Mmodzi wa oyendetsa mwa dzenje pansi-turret atagonjetsa mkati nsanja ndipo anatsegula chitseko chokhoma. The projectile anaponyedwa m'nyanja. Patapita mphindi zisanu ndi zinayi moto potsiriza inathetsedwa.

Ndi asanu ndi atatu mmawa trooper otsiriza anasiya ngalawa. A maola ochepa cruiser anali pansi moto mdani, koma adalira anakwanitsa kumaliza ntchito (kuthandiza Red Army). Woyendetsa atalamula ngati nangula unyolo otklepat mwamsanga ndi kukadula moorings. Kenako, sitima pa liwiro zonse anathamangira ku nyanja. Mdani zida zankhondo pa chilumba ataya pamaso pa "Red Caucasus". Cruiser, amene kutalika ndi wofanana ndi mamita 169 wakhala mosavuta chifukwa umalimbana moto, koma tsopano anasiya n'kotheka.

Pakhomo imfa

January 2, 1942 chombo anabwerera Novorossiysk, komwe anatenga 224-TH osiyana odana ndege battalion (anthu 1200), mfuti, zipolopolo, makina mfuti ndi mathirakitala. Tsiku lotsatira, ngalawayo kuti Feodosia. The cruiser "Red Caucasus" pankhondoyo anali ochepa ntchito khumi, koma izi zinali zapadera. Novorossiysk chombo adzasiyidwa kwambiri kuvulala panthaŵi ya kuukira yoyamba Feodosia. Monga mafupa anapeza mabowo eyiti. Awo zigamba-likusuntha, ngakhale cruiser akadali ayenera kukonza zonse. Koma analibe nthawi kapena chuma. The Kerch-Feodosiya ntchito chofunika nawo zombo zonse zilipo, kotero "Red Caucasus" anapitanso ku nyanja, ngakhale ndi kuwonongeka. Kuwonjezera m'maenje ndi vuto sanali kuchita mu tachometers conning nsanja. Komanso chombo chidali nangula chimodzi chokha, chifukwa chachiwiri anakhalabe pansi pambuyo kafukufuku mwadzidzidzi pa 29 December.

Likulu la zombo za analakwitsapo angapo inadmissible. Lamulo anachedwa "Red Caucasus" doko Feodosia kwa maola angapo. Silinali lolondola ndiponso kuti ngalawa pa ulendo ulendo ndi mosadziletsa. Pa katundu m'chombo ku doko anali anaukira ndi mfuti odana ndege ndi ndege mdani. Iwo yagwera 50 mabomba, mmodzi amene chakumene pa akuya mamita 6. Yoweyula kuwuka kuwinduka ngalawa zingawonongeka kwambiri. Khungu mabowo angapo atsopano, angasokonezeke sitimayo, chifukwa cha zomwe inawonongeka ndi mfuti ochepa. M'chipinda chapansi, chipinda chosungira ndi angapo zipinda anali ndi madzi. M'chombocho, magetsi azima n'kutsika chopangira mphamvu jenereta, kuonongeka wailesi chipinda chapakati.

Ngakhale katundu silinakwaniritsidwe anamaliza, nakhalabe pa bolodi ya zida ndi awiri mfuti odana ndi ndege, woyendetsa anaganiza zochoka ku doko. chotengeracho kwambiri mantha kuti cruiser akuthamanga mumchenga. Ngakhale kuti si ntchito turbines chakudya, chiwongolero akadali kugwira ntchito ndipo adalira anatha kulongosola "Red Caucasus" m'nyanja. Anakhalabe ntchito 8 boilers ndi 2 m'mphuno makina. chombo sangapite pa liwilo, kuyambira mathamangitsidwe ndi akuyamba kunjenjemera kwambiri. The osuta chakudya anaonekera oposa 1 700 matani madzi. Pa mthunzi cruiser anaukira ndi ndege, koma chifukwa kubwezera choipa moto ndi mchitidwe kuti kuopsa kuukira izi alephera. Pambuyo ulendo maola ochepa chotengera anakumana ndi wowonongayo "mphamvu", anayamba m'malo ake.

Back kuti Sea

"Red Caucasus" anafika ku Tuapse, kenako akatswiri anayamba kuphunzira kuwonongeka kwa sitimayo. kusanthula anasonyeza kuti ngalawa ili akufunika thandizo kukonzedwa. Chifukwa chaichi anaganiza kuti amutume kwa Poti. Pa sitimayo yodzaza makina wapadera ndipo panafika anthu ogwira 200. January 28 cruiser kumanzere doko. Iye anapanga kuti Poti kwa chingwe chabwazi ndi Pamadzi "Moscow". nthawi yonseyi, m'madera ena anapitiriza madzi ataphwetsedwa, amasunga nayenso oopsa.

Zichitike mpandawo Poti anayamba okha kumapeto kwa March. Zinatha miyezi inayi. Mu April 1942, a cruiser analandira udindo wa asilikali pa bolodi anatenga alonda mbendera. Mwambo zinachitika mu kukhalapo a maudindo apamwamba zombo. Mu August chombo ananyamuka ulendo mayeso oyamba pambuyo kukonza, amene asonyeza zotsatira zabwino. Kuti dzinja chomwecho, pambuyo ziŵalo mu Black Sea zombo walowa mu brigade watsopano cruisers.

Ndi nthawi iyi Germany anagwira Sevastopol, ndi Wehrmacht anayamba kuukira Tuapse. Pali anayamba masiku ouma nkhondo. M'miyezi yotsatira ngalawa ili nthawi zonse yogwirira mayendedwe a Red Army ku Poti mu Tuapse. mayunitsi ambiri anasamukira "Red Caucasus" (cruiser). Division 408, 145 Regiment zam'madzi 10 mfuti brigade ndi ena sanawuziridwe pa bolodi sitimayo.

Mapeto a msonkhano

Ntchito otsiriza "Red Caucasus" nthawi ya Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo unachitikira mu February 1943. The cruiser tidakocheza asilikali pafupi m'mudzi South Ozereika. Detachment mizu pa gombe, anagwira ndi bridgehead ndipo anapita kunja kwa mzinda wa Novorossiysk. Pambuyo nkhani imeneyi, ngalawayo wotchuka anakhala inaima padoko ndipo sankachita nawo nkhondoyo.

Pa 1941-1943 ,. 64 kampeni kunachitidwa, imene nawo pa cruiser "Red Caucasus". Photo chotengera zonse pachikhalidwe mu manyuzipepala, ndi zochita za anthu ogwira ntchito anadziwa dziko lonse. Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, chombo kusamutsidwa anthu 25 zikwi ndi opulumutsidwa kuukira mpweya 200. Mu 1944, "Red Caucasus" anapita Poti, amene anatsalira ku m'dzinja kukonzanso, kenako anabwerera ku kumasulidwa kwa Sevastopol. Cruiser wapanga chopereka kwambiri kugonjetsedwa wa Nazi adani. ntchito yake zinali zofunika. Pa Kugonjetsa perete m'chilimwe cha 1945 mbendera ya "Red Caucasus" anali chinapululutsa ku Red Square pafupi ndi Lenin Mausoleum.

Pakutha nkhondo chombo chidafika kale chakale kwambiri. Ntchito nkhondo salinso zomveka. kafukufuku mu 1947, ambiri osayenera zombo nkhondowo anali kudzipatula kwa Black Sea zombo, kuphatikizapo cruiser kuwala "Red Caucasus". Lachitsanzo wataya udindo nkhondowo ndipo anayamba kuphunzitsa. M'dzinja 1952 anaganiza kungafooketse Sitima kumira pafupi Theodosia pamene anayesedwa mivi latsopano.