M'misasa Japanese imfa. "Detachment 731"

Pa nthawi ina, m'dera la mapiri a Manchuria anayamba kugwira mbewu wowopsa. Monga "zopangira" ntchito kumeneko anthu amoyo. A "mankhwala", womwe wapangidwa mu malo awa, akhoza kufafaniza anthu onse m'kanthawi kocepa.

Alimi konse akuyandikira dera poponya. chakuti Japanese chinsinsi "misasa chiwonongeko" ( "Itanitsani 731" komanso) sankadziwika kuti aliyense. Koma panali zambiri mbiri zoopsa zimene zikuchitika kumeneko. Izo zinanenedwa kuti pali anthu pa amathera zokumana zoopsa ndiponso yopweteka kwambiri.

Special "Detachment 731" anali zasayansi chinsinsi cha imfa, kumene Japanese tikanatsatira ndi kuyesedwa ndi options oyipa kwambiri kuzunzika ndi chiwonongeko. Pali anatsimikiza pakhomo la kupirira kwa thupi, ammalire pakati pa moyo ndi imfa.

Hong Kong nkhondo

Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Japanese anagwira gawo la China wotchedwa Manchuria. Pambuyo pa nkhondo wotchuka pafupi Pearl Harbor unatengedwa mkaidi kuposa anthu 140 zikwi, kotala amene anaphedwa. Zikwi za akazi anazunzidwa, kugwiriridwa ndi kuphedwa.

M'buku la wotchuka American mbiri mtolankhani Dzhona Tolanda anafotokoza nambala yaikulu milandu nkhanza akaidi ndi asilikali. Mwachitsanzo, ku Hong Kong nkhondo m'dera British, Eurasians, Chinese ndi Chipwitikizi nkhondo poukira iwo Japanese. Atangotsala pang'ono Khirisimasi iwo kwathunthu atazunguliridwa ndi kulanda pa chilumba yopapatiza, Stanley. Panali zambiri zaphedwa, kudula ovulala ndi kugwiriridwa ndi antchito Chinese ndi British zaumoyo. Anali mapeto manyazi kuti ulamuliro wa dera British Chinese. More khalidwe chidali achilendo okha zoipa Japanese ndi akaidi amene ali kuyesera kubisa Japan. "Factory Imfa" ( "Order 731" ndi ena) - mmodzi wa iwo.

msasa awonongedwe

Koma ngakhale ndi nkhanza zonse pomuyerekeza ndi zimene Japanese anachita mu detachment lapansi. Iye sanali kutali ndi mzinda wa Harbin ku Manchuria. Kuwonjezera kuti "Detachment 731" anali msasa imfa, iye anatumikila monga kudzachita zatsopano zosiyanasiyana. Mu maphunziro ake gawo imachitika zida bacteriological, amene ntchito moyo anthu Chinese.

Kuti kutsogolera akatswiri Japanese kuti athe kuthana ndi ntchito, anafunika amaphunzitsidwa ndi amaphunzitsidwa pakati. Chifukwa chaichi, masukulu anasankhidwa angathe achinyamata amene anali wofunitsitsa kuphunzira, koma iwo anali amapeza ndalama zochepa. Iwo anachita mofulumira kwambiri kuphunzira chilango, kenako kukhala akatswiri a luso ogwira malo.

mbali khalidwe la msasa

Kodi muli Japanese "misasa imfa"? "Detachment 731" anali kuipidwa, chomwe ndi nyumba 150. Chigawo chapakati inali chipika R0, kumene zatsopano inkachitikira pa anthu. Ena mwapadera jekeseni mabakiteriya a kolera, tayifodi, tizilombo ta matenda, mliri, chindoko. Ena kupopa magazi kavalo m'malo anthu.

Ambiri anawomberedwa, awotchedwe amoyo ndi mortars yakuwadzudzumisa, anachotsedwa mu Mlingo yaikulu kwambiri X-ray zouma, mazira kapena yophika moyo. Palibe munthu mmodzi amene anapulumuka kuchokera kwa iwo omwe anali pano. Mwamtheradi kupha onse amene tsoka anabweretsa yozunzirako "Detachment 731".

Zigawenga sanalangidwe

Ku United States anali Amnesty kwa asing'anga onse Japanese ndi asayansi amene anachita zoipa mu nyengo imeneyo. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku, amene anayambitsa "Order 731" - General Shiro Ishii leytenat ndi anthu ena - amene anapatsidwa ufulu yomweyo pambuyo 1945 kugwa kwa Japan zinachitika. Kuti amasulidwe chilango munthu kupereka linaperekedwa kwa akuluakulu US mudziwe wathunthu wapatali ndiponso zotsatira za mayesero.

Pakati pawo kunachitika ndi "munda kuyesedwa", limene wamba China ndi Russia akhala ali ndi mabakiteriya wakupha anthrax ndi mliri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, onse anafa. Pamene kudzipereka kunali kutenga malo mu Japan mu 1945, mtsogoleri Shiro Ishii, anaganiza za kupha Sitefano mwamtheradi aliyense akaidi 'm'misasa imfa'. Tsoka chomwecho inaperekedwa kwa ogwira ntchito, alonda ndi mabanja awo. Iye ankachita mpaka 1959. Chifukwa cha imfa Shiro Ishii - khansa.

chipika R0

R0 wagawo - malo a kuyesera ndi Japanese. ophunzira anali akaidi a nkhondo kapena Aaborijini m'dera. Pofuna kutsimikizira pamaso pa asanazolowere malungo, dokotala Rabaul magazi anayambitsa POW alonda. asayansi ena akhala akuphunzira zotsatira za utsogoleli wa jekeseni wa mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana. Iwo dismembered anthu ake kuti aone chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe a zotsatira zosiyana.

Anthu ena makamaka panayikidwa gunshot bala kwa m'mimba. Ndiye iwo ankachita kukoka zipolopolo udulidwe ziwalo Japanese. Unit 731 wakhalanso amadziwika ndi kuyesera sizachilendo, chofunikira chachikulu chimene anali kudula mbali ya chiwindi akaidi moyo. Ichi chidachitika kuti kudziwa malire a kupirira.

Awiri am'ndende anapanga pofuna kuthawa, iye anawomberedwa mwendo, dismembered, ndi chiwindi anali excised. The Japanese kuti ulonda akuthamanga matupi aumunthu amene nthawi yoyamba. Komabe, ngakhale kuwawa ntchito izi, iwo amaona kuti nkhani kwambiri ndi zothandiza, komanso yekha "Detachment 731".

Ichi chidali ndipo ndichodabwitsa kuti mkaidi womangidwa kwa mtengo, anang'amba manja ake ndi miyendo, nthunthu ndi kudula udulidwe mtima. Akaidi ena anachotsa mbali ya ubongo kapena chiwindi kuwona ngati iwo angathe kukhala ndi limba zosalongosoka.

Adalandiridwa kuti "zipika"

Pali zifukwa zingapo kuika Japanese yozunzirako - "Order 731" - m'dera la China, osati Japan. Njirazi ndi monga:

• kutsatira mobisa;
• likhoza mphamvu majeure zikuphedwa kuti anaikidwa anthu China, koposa ndi Japanese;
• anapitiriza kupezeka kwa "zipika" koyenera kuti wozengereza mayesero wakupha.

Akuchipatala "zipika" si ankaona ngati anthu. Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo sankafuna ngakhale chisoni pang'ono kwa iye. Onse okonda kuganiza kuti uku ndiko masoka njira, ndipo izo ziyenera kukhala.

Features wa zatsopano

The view mbiri ya zinthu zatsopano pa akaidi - mayeso mliriwo. Atatsala pang'ono kutha kwa nkhondo Isiey mliri mabakiteriya kupsyinjika anali ayipanga amene virulence inali nthawi 60 kuposa wabwinobwino.

njira A pochita zinthu zatsopano anali pafupifupi chimodzimodzi:

• anthu linatseka khola wapadera, kumene chifukwa kukula yaing'ono, iwo analibe mwayi ngakhale kuti kutembenuka;
• POW ndiye anatsutsa ndi matenda;
• Tinaona kusintha mkhalidwe zikuchitika chamoyo;
• kenako anachita kung'ambika, ziwalo anachotsa ndi kusanthula makhalidwe a kufala mkati.

Mawonetseredwe kwambiri akuchitirana nkhanza

Pa nthawi yomweyo anthu osati nsembe, koma osati sewn. adokotala kwa masiku angapo kuti aziona kusintha chikuchitika. Pankhaniyi, analibe usavutike kamodzinso n'kukagwira autopsy chachiwiri. Komanso zilibe ntchito mtheradi palibe mankhwala, kuyambira, malinga ndi madokotala, zikhoza kusokoneza Inde chilengedwe cha kufala kwa matenda pansi kuphunzira.

Big "kupambana" pakati pa anthu amene anawabweretsa "Order 731", ankaganiza kuti ntchito zatsopano ndi ntchito mpweya. Mu imfa choncho anabwera mofulumira kwambiri. Mu zatsopano kwambiri zoopsazi kasonyeza kuti kupirira anthu mphamvu zake ndi pafupifupi wofanana ndi nkhunda kupirira. Ndipotu otsiriza anafa zinthu chimodzimodzi monga amuna.

Pamene dzuwa ntchito zatsimikiziridwa Ishii, asilikali a ku Japan anayamba anakhala kukhala ndi zolinga ntchito manja bacteriological khalidwe motsutsa United States ndi Soviet Union. The "zida" anali mwakuti iwo adzakhala okwanira kupha anthu onse padziko lapansi. Ndipo Kwantung "Detachment 731" wachita chitukuko ya aliyense wa iwo mwanjira ina.

Ndichinthu kobvundikiridwa nthawi yathu

Palibe anadziŵa zimene anali kuchita ndi anthu anagwidwa ndi Japanese. Malinga ndi mawu awo, akaidi ankapatsidwa chabe, ndi kuyan'anila ali kwina mwamtheradi. Pamene nkhondo atayamba, kufalitsa zinadziwika zosiyanasiyana za nkhanza ku Hong Kong ndipo Singapore. Koma palibe boma zionetsero zonse US sanalandire ayankhe. Ndipotu boma la dziko ili bwinobwino kuti, ngakhale mlandu kapena kuvomereza kuti anapanga ndi Kwantung Army ( "Detachment 731" komanso), izo sikungawononge chitetezo cha akaidi ogwidwa kunkhondo.

Choncho iwo anakana mwalamulo kubweretsa chilungamo perpetrators chosinthana ndi chinachake chimene apeza "sayansi" deta mu "zipika". Adakhoza osati wokhululuka chiwerengero cha imfa, komanso kuwasunga chobisa kwa zaka.

Pafupifupi onse asayansi kugwira ntchito "Unit 731", sanali kulangidwa. Kuchotserapo ndi amene anagwa m'manja wa USSR. The ena anayamba kutsogolera yunivesite zachipatala sukulu, Academy of pambuyo nkhondo Japan. Ena a iwo anakhala amalonda. Chimodzi cha "experimenters" anatenga mpando la Kazembe wa Tokyo, winayo - pulezidenti wa Japan Medical Association. Komanso mwa anthu amene anayambitsa "Order 731" (zithunzi zimene zikuchitira umboni kuti zatsopano yoipa), pali ankhondo ambiri ndi madokotala. Ena anatsegula chipatala payekha.