Kurds - mtundu miliyoni makumi atatu stateless

Ofufuza amakono natsieobrazuschih njira ndi chodabwitsa Pawokha dziko amanena kuti chinthu chofunika kwambiri kupangidwa kwa mtundu uliwonse ndi mapangidwe boma awo, kudzera chimene mudzatha kufotokoza zofuna zawo wachibadidwe ndi zinthu zofunika pa moyo. Chifukwa chotero moyo wautali kayendedwe Chibasiki, Catalans ndi ing'onoing'ono ena kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. Komabe, anthu ochuluka kuposa amene zikuoneka ndi wokonzeka apereke lenilenilo monga mtundu, koma alibe boma yake, ndi Kurds. Mtundu, izi ali ambiri oimira kuposa mitundu yambiri European. Malinga ndi ziwerengero yosiyanasiyana Kurds ali pa makumi kwa anthu mamiliyoni makumi amakhala m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

ndi Kurds ndi ndani?

Dziko ili ndi mndandanda wa anthu ena mafuko onse anachokera ku Turkey. kwawo ndi malo ambiri wandiweyani wa resettlement zamakono - gawo kum'mawa kwa Asia Minor. Modern Kurdistan (wotchedwa dera lino) lagawidwa yomweyo mwa madera osiyanasiyana: Turkey, Iraq, Iran ndi Syria. Mwachibadwa, anthu ambiri Mtheradi wa oimira mtundu uwu ndi Sunni Muslim. Ngakhale pali Akristu, Akatolika ndi ngakhale Orthodox Kurds. Mtundu Iyi ndi ambiri ena m'mayiko Middle East, komanso mu Europe ndi CIS.

Magwero a Kurds

mtundu uwu ndi wina wa wamkulu mu Asia Minor. magwero ake ndi lero kusamvetsetsana kwambiri. Choncho, akukhulupirira kuti Kurds ndi mbadwa za Asikuti. Akatswiri ena amapeza makolo awo kuchokera kumene kuli anthu akale Persia ndi Mesopotamia Kurt mafuko. maphunziro majini haplogroups amasonyeza zimakhalira pachibale ndi anthu amakono Chikudishi wa Caucasus: Azeris, Georgia ndi Armenia, ndi Ayuda.

Chikudishi funso mu Turkey

Kwenikweni, ndi disparity pakati pa nambala lalikulu la anthu ndi udindo wawo lenileni la ing'onoing'ono dziko limati angapo kum'mawa. Choncho, Kurds amene dziko wachita kale anakana ndi boma la Turkey, pansi kuponderezana chikhalidwe mpaka 2000s lapansi. Kwa zaka zambiri, chinenero Chikudishi inaletsedwa ku TV m'deralo. zinthu zikuchitika mwa chakuti Kurds ku Turkey mu thupi lenileni ndi pa mokwanira otsika siteji Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe poyerekeza ndi okha Turkey. Pa nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi ziwerengero akatswiri ena, chiwerengero chawo ukufika 20% ya anthu. kukula kwambiri chikugwirabe dziko kuno pambuyo kugwa kwa Ottoman. Kwa XX atumwi Kurdistan osati wa bungwe kulimbana anachita ofooka. Kwambiri kutenga mawonekedwe, iye akanakhoza kokha kufooketsedwa ndi mfundo Marxist mu 1970 mochedwa - oyambirira 1980s. Mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe Odzipatula paramilitary ndi Kurds opanikizika ochokera m'mayiko European amaumirira democratization Turkey, boma m'dera anakakamizika asintha mu 2000s ndi. Akhazikitse zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chawo ndi mawonetseredwe chikhalidwe. Kwa nthawi yaitali, panali nthawi zonse TV chinenero Chikudishi, masukulu lotseguka dziko.

Chikudishi nkhani m'mayiko ena Middle East

The Kurds ku Iraq, komanso Turkey, amakhala m'timagulu yaying'ono m'madera ena. Kwa nthawi yaitali iwo anali kumenyera adziwane ndi mafumu m'deralo, ndipo kenako - ndi ulamuliro wa Saddam Hussein. Mu 1990s oyambirira, Kuwait nkhondo ngakhale pang'ono anawathandiza kulenga palokha zawo boma. Komabe, pofuna analephera Odzipatula. Mu 2000s, ndi aku Iraq Kurdistan walandira kudziyimira pawokha lonse mu boma. Siriya Kurds moyo mu kumpoto kwa dzikolo, mlandu 9% ya anthu. Cultural mkhalidwe wa anthu pano adakali woipa kuposa mu Iraq ndi Turkey, monga Syria, komabe amaletsedwa ntchito chinenero Chikudishi, mayina a sukulu payekha, mabuku ndi zofalitsa zina. Komabe, apa pali m'dera paramilitary bungwe chopezera kulenga kudziyimira pawokha.