A tione kukonza chuma nineties ndi

Kwa zaka zoposa makumi awiri mu dziko Russian sichitha mtsutso za kufunika ndi zimene mungachite kuti kusintha kwakukulu zachuma zimene zinachitika nineties lapansi. Maganizo kumalo ozizira.

Ndipo perestroika Gorbachev ndi kusintha Yeltsin a, Gaidar, Chubais ena mauthenga helluva zambiri nzika ophunzira ya dziko ngakhale kutchedwa Fascism. Osati kwambiri ndinaganiza pa mawu akuti.

The fascia, amene anapanga ndi Fascism akuti, ndi gulu latyni-, gulu, ndi Fascism ndi andale yodziwika ndi umodzi wa anthu, Party ndi mtsogoleri wa chipani ndi boma. Chinachake bwino, kodi sichoncho?

Ndipo kuti ndi amene anayambitsa fascism, Benito Mussolini anali woyamba kukonza chikhalidwe kunyumba ndi ndodo zofufuzafufuza, mupumule nyumba ndi zolemba zatsiku ndi kwa anthu ogwira ntchito. Kuti iye ndiye anabwereka onse Stalin ndi Hitler ...

Chabwino, zabwino, osati za izo. Chuma Stalinist anamangidwa basi kupanga nkhondo, zochokera ovuta kwambiri chilango, kuti, ndi pamene "alonda watopa" amakhala inoperative. The zolemba za mwana wa Beria, pali zambiri zimene kale Lavrenty Pavlovich njra ngati watsopano wa NEP, koma izo sizinachitike.

Nikita ena kusintha kwambiri adatengedwa koma shied kutali uku, chifukwa wakhala mlandu voluntarism. Koma ena liberalization m'munda ndale, ife mangawa.

Iye anaima ndipo anayamba kusintha zachuma ndi Kosygin, Nduna Yaikulu ya pansi Brezhnev. Kumafuna kuchepetsa kwambiri manambalawo anakonza, kuwonjezeka ufulu chuma amakampani. Pa mawu a mbale Kosygin Gvishiani, ndi maganizo abwino kwambiri mawonekedwe umwini, monga makampani ndi olowa katundu.

Koma otsutsa Brezhnev, Suslov ndi anthu ena a Politburo saloledwa kuchita kusintha.

Amene mokoma akuusa moyo wa Soviet Union, kukhulupirira kuti mu zaka anali chimodzimodzi monga kudalembedwa mu masamba a "Choonadi" Ine amavomereza Googling "Diary wa Yuriya Nagibina". bwino kwambiri, caressed ndi wolemba Soviet boma anali ndi zolemba nokha, osayembekezera kuti ilembedwe. Lofalitsidwa ndi achibale atamwalira kale mu nineties lapansi. Pali mafotokozedwe omveka bwino a Agriculture wa Russian hinterland makumi asanu ndi awiri.

Mlembi wa mizere chinachitika kuyambira Mipingo ya ninetieth ndi zigwirizana CPSU, ndipo angapo zina pa misonkhano Party kumva "chatsekedwa" (Chabwino. Izo amaganiza kuti si akunja makutu) ndi kalata ya Komiti chapakati cha CPSU kuti mamembala Party. The leitmotif makalata inali yofanana: chuma pa miyendo yake yomaliza. Komabe, chinthu chokha chimene CC naipereka kulimbitsa ndi kuzamitsa ...

Andropov anayamba kulamulira anayamba kuyesa kusintha kwa malipiro, koma iwo anali ochepa, ndipo mawu amenewa ndi ofesi ya Mlembi General wa waufupi ...

Choncho, Gorbachev anayamba kulamulira, sanathe amayamba kusintha chilichonse. Iye sanali kudziwa basi momwe. Mu eyite-chimodzi Paris "Matin" Ine lofalitsidwa nkhani imene analemba kuti zaka zingapo ndipo kumvetsetsa pokumekat mu USSR, kuti kuwonjezera kusintha msika, alibe mankhwala ena. Bwino, "Pravda" linatulutsa atangokanidwa wokwiya ...

Gorbachev mobwerezabwereza ngati mawu ena, kuti ife kutsimikizira ubwino mbiri lamadyerero, kwathunthu ndiribe lingaliro chomwe iwo ali.

Ngati timaona kuti kuwonjezera kugwa zikuchepa mu chaka cha mitengo mafuta eyite-faifi, iye akumanidwa ngakhale bajeti mowa wamphamvu, kuyambira kampeni odana ndi mowa, ndi mulu bungwe komanso "imathandizira sayansi ndi luso kutukuka" limodzi ndi kulowetsedwa wa ndalama zambiri mu makina, chifukwa mu sikunachitekepo untwisted kufufuma, wodziwika mu nthawi Soviet kubisika.

Ie, pa mitengo zonse katundu anthu okha mbisoweka. Ndipo dola, chomwe mtengo kwambiri mu 86th pa wakuda msika 4 rubles, mu TH 90 anali kale 20p. Mu August, 91 go- 35p.

Ndipo penapake m'chilimwe cha makampani eyite-chinayi pang'ono kusiya ntchito. Panalibe zolimbikitsa, ndi ruble ali lilibe wokha ngati njira malipiro, ngati zonse kapena SLE, kapena kuchita tsintho.

Osati kukhala zoona ... Mu '91 wolemba ntchito mu co-uthenga ulalikidwa, amapangidwa thanki zosapanga dzimbiri. Sitikudziwa akagulitsa rubles, sanafune ife, iwo sakanakhoza kugula chilichonse. Pa mphamvu anasinthanitsa mu minda ya nyama Leningrad Region, mazira ...

Mu November '91, pamene Yeltsin yoikidwiratu nduna yaikulu Gaidar, golide ndi ndalama nkhokwe Russia monga magwero osiyanasiyana anali 16- 50 miliyoni. rubles. Chiwerengerochi Zopusa kwa dziko lalikulu.

Ndipo ine ndinali kuchita chinachake, ndipo mofulumira, kapena china dziko akhadikhira bwinja njala.

Choyamba chinali Gaidar a liberalization wa mitengo, kuti ruble njira malipiro. Komanso, pasanathe miyezi sikisi anakhala awo mu mphamvu, Gaidar sanali kusindikiza ndalama, kufufuma sanali. Dola, zomwe mtengo mu January 92nd 120 p., Mu June ndalama 90R. Press kuyambitsanso, untwisted kufufuma, amene anadza boma Chernomyrdin.

Chabwino, ndi wamba wa Chubais potsiriza. Makampani 91 TH anaima, chidwi kupanga wina anali. Kuti adzathe ayambe izo, kunali koyenera basi mwini.

Anagulitsa ndalama zikutanthauza kuti chuma kuti apita ku makampani Western ndi mtundu wawo ndalama kulibe, iwo inatulutsidwa mochedwa m'ma nineties. Mwa njira, mowa, fodya, ambiri kumabungwe ena a chakudya makampani ndicho chimodzimodzi chimene chinachitika: apita ku makampani Western. Koma pamalo abwino ofunika mafuta makampani anam'patsa.

Kodi wabwino? .. A kampani payekha kulamulidwa ndi zolemba kuposa boma. The chidwi cha boma ndi chimodzimodzi kuti a sobstvennika- mseri zinthu zimene iye analandira phindu kwa chuma kuti boma akhoza kutenga misonkho yambiri.

Kodi n'zovuta kudzaweruza. Bizinesi ku Russia latsala motsogozedwa patsogolo zaka eyiti. Koma mu zaka izi akhala otsika kwambiri mitengo mafuta. Pamene iwo atakula, anayamba kuyenda ndi kwa n'zosiyana nationalization cha chuma, kubwerera ku dziko la chuma, kulenga gos.korporatsy.

Ngakhale chimene ife tiri nacho lero pa maganizo ndi kusiyana Soviet Union. Lotsatira, chifukwa kukonzanso chuma, ife analowa. Chinthu chachikulu adzakhala kupita chitsogolo, osati kumbuyo ...